Photonic crystals in biology - NanoTR-VI

P461–464.Poster Session, Thursday, June 17Theme F686 - N1123The Effect of TiCN Coatings on Frictional Properties of Orthodontic Archwires11111Uengül DanmanUP P*, Soner SavaP P, Gülfem IkP P, Tancan UysalP Pand Ahmet YacP1PErciyes University, Kayseri-TurkeyAbstract-One of the main problems in the orthodontic treatment is the frictional forces on the archwires. The geometry of an archwire and thecoatings applied on archwires affect these forces. In this study, the archwires were coated with TiCN by using dc reactive magnetron sputteringmethod. It was found that the coefficient of frictions of the TiCN coated archwires were much lower than those of uncoated archwires.Hard ceramic coatings deposited by PVD (Physical VapourDeposition) techniques have been widely used in differentindustries because of their excellent coating properties: highhardness, good wear, corrosion and oxidation resistance,chemical resistance and good adhesion to the substrate. Today,in the field of biomedical applications - such as surgical tools,implants, lenses, stents, and materials used in dentistry - Ti,TiN, ZrN, TiAlN, DLC, etc. are successfully used as single ormultilayered or nanolayered coatings. These coatings alsohave good bio-conformity with the human body [1-6].The objective of this study was to shorten the activetreatment time in the orthodontic treatment by reducing thestatic and dynamic friction between the brackets andarchwires. It was clearly seen that the friction was affected notonly archwire geometry and materials but also surface qualityof archwires. Today, esthetic brackets are preferred to thetraditional ones and, therefore, frictional forces on archwiresare increased. These forces affect the movement of thearchwire and extend the duration of the treatment. Therefore,low frictional coatings are very important for orthodonticarchwires.In this study, the archwires were coated with TiCN by usingdc reactive magnetron sputtering method with the optimumdeposition parameters. The dynamic and static frictionalforces and surface roughnesses of the TiCN-coated anduncoated archwires (NiTi, BTi (TMA) and stainless steelarchwires, 0.017"x0.025" and Ø0.016" in dimensions) weremeasured. Then, the friction coefficients of TiCN coated anduncoated archwires were determined by using CSEM testerunder the frictional forces (10 mm/min progress speed and 10N load were used as test parameters) and the results werediscussed comparatively.The friction tests showed that TiCN coated archwires hadlower coefficient of friction values than those of uncoatedarchwires. The coefficient of frictions of the TiCN coated B-Ti, Ni-Ti archwires as shown in the Fig.1b were foundsuperior to the stainless steel in spite of the roughness ofstainless steel was lower than the others (Figure 1a). In theliterature it was not encountered that friction and roughnesswas definitely related each other [1-7].These findings indicate that TiCN coated B-Ti archwireshowed lowest friction coefficient but these results are nearthe values of TiCN coated Ni-Ti archwires. The obtainedresults are in good agreement with the literature.Figure 1. a) RRaR surface roughness, b) coefficient of friction values ofthe coated and uncoated archwires of different geometry.This study was supported by the Office of Scientific ResearchProjects in Erciyes University (Project no: FBT-09853).*Corresponding author: sdanisman@erciyes.edu.trT[1] TProbst, J., Gbureck, UT., Thull, R., 2001, Surface and CoatingsTTechnology, 148, 226-233.[2] Vadraj, A., Kamaraj, M., 2007T, Tribology International, 40, 82-88.T[3] TPaschoal, A.L., Vanânco, E.C., Canale L.C.F., Slva, O.L.,Huerta-Vlca, D., Motheo A.J., 2003T, 27 (5), T[4] Kobayashi, S., Ohgoe, Y., Ozeki, K., Sato, KT., Sumya, T.,Hrakur, K.K., H. Aok, H., 2005, 14, 1094– 1097.T[5] Ohgoe, Y. et al., T2006, Thin Solid Films, 497, 218–222.[6] Redlich, M., Katz, A., Rapoport, L., T Wagner, H.D., Feldman Y.,Tenne RT., T2008,T TDental Materials, Article in Pres.T[7] Kusy, R.P., Whitley, J.Q., Mayhew, M.J., Buckthal, J.E., 1988,Angle Orthod., 58 (1), 33-45.6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 743