Photonic crystals in biology - NanoTR-VI

PPP*PPoster Session, Thursday, June 17Theme F686 - N11231Dendrimers and Their Applications in Textile Finishing12URza AtavUPPand Arzu YavaPPNamk Kemal University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering, Corlu Tekirdag 59860, Turkey2PPamukkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering, Knkl Denizli,20070, TurkeyAbstract-Dendrimers are nanoparticles that can be precisely designed and manufactured for a wide variety of applications. Due to their uniquephysical and chemical properties, dendrimers have wide ranges of potential applications in textile finishing. This paper reveals a review on theproperties and the use of dendrimers in textile finishing processes.Polymer chemistry and technology have traditionallyfocused on linear polymers, which are widely in use [1], butover the last 20 years it has created a number of non-linearvariations which are commonly denoted as “macromoleculararchitectures”. One of the new architectures is “dendrimer”[2]. Dendrimers are nanoparticles that are designed andmanufactured for a wide variety of applications [3].The name “dendrimer” is originated from ancient Greekwords “” and “”, which mean “tree” and “part”,respectively [4]. They were first discovered in the early 1980’sby Tomalia et al. [5]. From this year on a number of thepatents related to the dendrimers have been increased and itreached to 1022 by 2005 [6]. Dendrimers are produced in aniterative sequence of reaction steps [7]. Core molecule isreferred to as “generation 0 (GR0R)”. Each successive repeat unitalong all branches forms the next generation [8].Figure 1. Dendritic structure [9]Dendrimers are generally prepared by using either adivergent method or a convergent method [5];- Divergent method: The dendrimer is built up from a centralpolyfunctional core. In a repeated reaction cycle the buildingblocks are added layer by layer.- Convergent method: First complete wedges are prepared,which are subsequently coupled to a central core [2].Due to their unique physical and chemical properties,dendrimers have wide ranges of potential applications intextile finishing. Literature related to the use of dendrimers intextile finishing can be divided into three groups:I) Improvement of Fiber Dyeability: Burkinshaw et al.(2000) and Feng et al. (2007) iTnvestigated the salt-freedyeability of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes via pretreatingcotton with amino-terminated hyperbranched polymers T[10-11]. Hou-cai et al. (2005) improved the dyeability of cottonfabrics with direct dyes by pretreating cotton with dendrimers[12]. De-suo et al. (2008), treated silk fibers withhyperbranched polymers and investigated the fiber dyeabilitywith Lanasol dyes [13]. Atav and Yurdakul (2010), determinedthat dendrimer applied mohair and angora fibers could be dyedwith reactive dyes at lower temperatures (90°C), withoutcausing any decrease in color yield [14]. Burkinshaw et al.(2002) improved the dyeability of polypropylene fiber withdisperse dye via incorporating the hyperbranched polymer intopolypropylene prior to fiber [15].II) Providing Water, Oil and Soil Repellent Properties onFibers: Water repellent finishing on fabrics is conventionallyimparted by incorporation of low surface energy compounds,while recent approaches are based on the use of nanoparticlessuch as dendrimers to enhance water repellency [16].Figure 2. Orientation of dendrimer product on textile surface [17]III) Providing Antimicrobial Property on Fibers: It isbelieved that dendrimers with amine functional groups couldbe converted into effective antimicrobial agents. Ghosh et al.modified the poly(amidoamine) G-3 dendrimer and applied itto the Cotton/Nylon blend fabric. An antimicrobial test of thetreated-fabric against Staphylococcus aureus exhibitedsignificant biocidal activities [5].*Corresponding author: ratav@nku.edu.tr[1] Klajnert, B., Bryszewska, M., 2001, Acta Biochimica Polonica,Dendrimers:Properties and Applications, Vol.48, No.1, (pp. 199-208)[2] Froehling, P.E., 2001, Dendrimers and Dyes, Dyes and pigments,Vol. 48, No. 3, (pp. 187-195)[3]HTwww.robbiehymancopywriting.com/RHC_writing.../white_papers_DNT.pdfTTH[4] Teobaldi, G., Zerbetto, F., 2003, Molecular Dynamics andImplications for the Photophysics of a Dendrimer-Dye Guest-HostSystems, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 125, No. 4, (pp. 7388-7393)[5] Ghosh, S., Yadav, S., Vasanthan, N., Sekosan, G., 2010, A studyof Antimicrobial Property of Textile Fabric Treated with ModifiedDendrimers, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 115, No. 2,(pp. 716–722)[6] Twww.foley.com/files/tbl_s31Publications/.../dendrimers_rutt.pdf[7] HThttp://cientifica.eu/files/Whitepapers/dendrimers_WP.pdf T[8] HThttp://www.essortment.com/all/whatisdendrime_rsnz.htm T[9] HThttp://www.scribd.com/doc/23984864/DENDRIMERSTH[10] Burkinshaw, S.M., Mignanelli, M., Froehling, P.E., Bide, M.J.,2000, The Use of Dendrimers to Modify the Dyeing Behaviour ofReactive Dyes on Cotton, Dyes and Pigments, Vol. 47, No. 3, (pp.259-267)[11] Feng, Z., Yu-yue1, C., De-suo1, Z., Yan-rong, H., 2007, Effectsof HBP-NH_2 modification on salt-free reactive dyeing of cottonfabric, Dyeing & Finishing, Vol. 22[12] Hou-cai, X., Yun-jun, L., Guo-ping, L., Hui-min, T., 2005, Useof Low Generation Polyamidamine Dendrimers in Cotton Dyeing,Textile Auxiliaries, Vol. 7[13] De-suo, Z., Hong, L., Feng, Z., Yu-yue1, C., Wen-quan, L.,2008, Effects of HBP-HTC Modification on the Silk Fabric Dyedwith Lanasol Dyes, Silk, Vol. 11[14] Atav, R., Yurdakul, A., 2010, The Use of Dendrimers to ObtainLow Temperature Dyeability on Mohair and Angora Fibers, IndustriaTextila Magazine, Vol. 4 (Article in Press)[15] Burkinshaw, S.M., Froehling, P.E., Mignanellia, M., 2002, HTTheEffect of Hyperbranched Polymers on the Dyeing of PolypropyleneFibresTTH, TDyes and Pigments, Vol. 53, No. 3, (pp. 229–235)[16]HThttp://www.dti.unimi.it/~rizzi/gruppodelcolore/Atti5confGdC/Rosace%20et%20al.pdfT[17] HThttp://www.rudolf.de/innovations/hydrophobic-future/bionicfinish/first-product.htmT6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 779