Photonic crystals in biology - NanoTR-VI

Poster Session, Thursday, June 17Theme F686 - N1123Research İn To Visual Effects Of Retro-Reflective Yarns On Weaving Fabrics AndTheir Relationship With Nano TextilesNesrin Önlü¹*¹Department of Textile &Fashion Design, Fine Arts Faculty,Dokuz Eylül University,İzmir,TurkeyAbstractRetro reflective yarns are mostly used in combination with industrial products for protective garment puposes.However, retroreflectiveyarns could also be utilised in order to obtain a variety of different effects in which shimmering and brightness arewelded together in designing unity. Thanks to nano technology glass beads in retro-reflective yarns could be included in threadsurfaces also, even if fabrics woven with such yarns could be uni-colored, they could appear as patterned or even multicoloredthrough the light source available.Key words: Retro-reflective yarn, woven fabric,double and single layer woven structure,shimmering, puffy.IntroductionNanotechnology is a field of material design where thesmallest man made devices encounter the atoms andmolecules of the natural world(for comprative purposes, ananometre is a billionth of a metre, the diameter of an atom isabouth a quarter of a nanometer, average diameter of ahuman hair is 10,000 nanometer). It has the potential to bringabout a revolution in surface design because it promises totake the imitation of natural materials to an advanced level ofprecision [1].The main use of nanotechnology in textiles is a coating.Schoeller have developed a coating that makes it difficult fordirt to stick and easy to wash off. The design is inspired bythe surface of the lotus leaf [2] .While what one recalls firstconcerning nano textiles is that one provides items with suchaspects as impermeability,being stain repellant, flameretardant etc. by combining nano- size materials with fiber,yarn and fabric surface, retro-reflective yarns could beassessed within the context of nano textiles. Reflective abilityis normally given by coating, reflective inks fabrics in specialprocess. Rebecca Early designs original textiles for fashion,and her work demonstrates that in the 1990s new technologyis exploited not only for the materials and techniques but alsofor inspration.She experiments with the latest micro fibrefabrics combined with revolutionary methods of printing andnewly –developed inks,including ‘retro-reflective’ ink. Unlikeother reflective inks, this throws light back to its source,using a principle similar to that of the ‘cat’s eye’ in roads.Itis manufactured by Reflective Technology Industries Ltd. whomake special tap efor protective and safety clothing.Theirtechnique is to suspend microscobic aluminium-coated glassspheres in the ink, which can be either oil or water-basedmaking it suitable for wide range of fabrics.It can also bemixed with any screen-printing pigment for colours thatthrow back coloured light[3].Nowadays technology offers a solution where the yarn isretro-reflective. This fact helps us to solve alot of problemsand allow us to design innovative new products to meet toever changing market demands [4] .Surface of recently progressed retro-reflective yarnsincludes thousands of light reflective glass beads ormicroprisms which reflect light back to where it has come inproctective purpose garments woven with such yarns.Therefore, both brightness does not dis appear and vision canbe reflected.abFigure 1: Reflective Property of Retro-ReflectiveMaterials[5]a-Light reflected upon an ordinary object b-Object withretro reflective materialThe study designed and produced weaving fabricsconsidering light reflectiblity of retro-reflective yarns. Itspurpose is to explore visual effects and pattern aspectsappearing when daylight is exposed to artificially lit and darkmedia due to combination of light reflectivity in retroreflectiveyarns with source of yarns, weave, density andstructure in different raw material.For this purpose; reflective yarns have been used withfilms manufactured by all the glass beads, the role of which isto reflect incoming light back to its original light source,which means that the glass beads act as spherical lenses andreturn the incoming light to the light source when thereflecting layer is set in its focus point[4]MaterialIn the sample woven fabrics, 20/2 Ne Cotton and 20/2Ne bambu yarn were used as warp yarn and, 17 Nm retroreflectiveyarn( 63.3 glass beads, 10.7 resin,18.6 PET,7.4PA),Bekinox VN*12/1x275/100Z/316L (4 Nm) stainlesssteel, metallic fancy yarn, , yarn with elastan [ 28/1Nm PES(%60) 78dtex lycra (%40) ],linen, cotton,bamboo were usedas weft yarn. The properties of the yarns in sample fabricswere located in Table 1.The weaves of sample woven fabrics are plain and weftrib. Woven structures of them are single and double layer andovershot weave structures (Table 2). Density in reed is 20threads in cm in single layer and 10 threads in cm in doublelayers respectivelly. Density of weft ranges in 12- 17-19threads in cm.These fabrics were produced on automatic Sulzer Rutishuttle loom an they are in 100 cm width.16th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 798