Photonic crystals in biology - NanoTR-VI

PPoster Session, Thursday, June 17Theme F686 - N1123Nanotechnology and The Effects to The Labor Market Conditions in Turkey1Unci KuzgunUP P*1PDepartment of Economics, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyAbstract-Nanotechnology will become predominant and leading to deep transformation in labor relations in Turkey. There are two importantpolicy targets such as employability and adoptability which constitute the labour market conditions based on the nanotechnology. Firms andemployees should adopt themselves to the continuously changing and growing labour market conditions.In the recent years, nanotechnologies creates a new processin the in labor relations. It is accepted that it will becomepredominant and leading to deep transformation in the laborrelations [1].With this framework, this study aims to discussthe efficiency of nanotechnology to the labor marketconditions in Turkey.The employability and adaptability have been accepted twoimportant policy targets which constitute the labour marketconditions based on the nanotechnology. The employability oflabour force and adaptability of firms and employees are mainindicators in the effects of nanotechnologies to the labormarket conditions. Demand for labor force and expectations offirms are continiously changing by nanotechonology .[2]Employability of labour force is important in the newprocess. It means improving the skills and qualifications of theworker who search for jobs through training, advancededucation, re-education counselling services[3]. In themeanwhile, the employability of labor force in Turkey can bediscuss from the point of nanotechnologies.Main indicator of the quality and potential efficiency of thelabour force is the level of education. In Turkey, 65% of totallabour force, 65,7% of total employment ,and 59,1% of totalunemployment are illiterate and/or have education less thanhigh school [3] Highest rates of participation in labour forceare observed among the university graduates. Whileparticipation rate in the labour force is 19.4% for the illiterate,46.4% for those with an education level below high school and56.7% for high school or equivalent school graduates; itreaches to approximately 78.6% in higher education graduates.Table 1. Educational Level of Labor Force , 2007 (%)LaborEmpl. Unempl.LFPRForceRate RateIlliterate 4,6 19,4 18,4 5,0Less than HighSchool60,4 46,4 42,1 9,3High School 21,9 56,7 49,5 12,8UpperVocational- 66,1 58,3 11,8SecondaryTertiary 13,1 78,6 71,0 9,6Total 100,0 47,8 43,1 9,9Source: SPO,2009 Annual Program, Table.IV.47.p.145Table 1 shows that an important part of the participation tothe economic activities in Turkey are unqualified or lowqualified individuals. It will create the problem for employingof labor force based on high technologies.In Turkey, the quantity of labor force when not accompaniedby expansion of quality doesn’t deliver positive results. Thus,it can be said that there is an inconsistency between thequalifications of labour force acquires as a result of educationand the ones demanded by the labour market. This issue willreflect to the demand for labour force ofnanotechnology in negative way. Nanotechnologies will notcreate the employment possibilities for the low qualified laborforce.There is a relationship between nanotechnology and qualitytraining of labor force. Current structure of labour force inTurkey, this relationship shows a negative picture with respectto the efficiency of the labour force and using thenanotechnologies depending on it.[4] Turkey must encourageand give priority to investment in labor force’s educationaland training level take most advantages of thenanotechnology. So, parallel to the using nanotechnology,Turkey should also increase the ability of labor force such as; critical and creative thinking and knowledge, teamwork ability, sense of responsibility, ability to use ofexperiences, ability of long-term think,adequate cognitive capacity,computer literacy, mathematics, knowledge of foreignlanguages.All this also means, training of labor force as well as a needfor flexible and quasi-permanent patterns of teaching andlearning under the new conditions of labor market based onthe nanotechnologies.On the other hand, the nanotechnologies will create theirlabour market conditions. The concept of work place, andworking-time will be changed in the sectors based onnanotechnologies. So, the adoptability is vital to the newconditions of nanotechnology for firms and employees. Thefirms and employees should adopt themselves to thecontinuously changing and growing labor market conditions.Inthe frame work of the using nanotechnology, the firms willcreate the new employment strategy based on the newemployment types. For that reason, new flexible workingmodels and new employment types should be developed withthe using of nanotechnology in the next years.Finally, the firms based on nanotechnologies will createtheir own inherent labor market. With the other words, thefirms used nanotechnology will create their career market. Thenanotechnologies will have on peculiar working conditionsworking conditions. A number of conclusions can be madefrom the result of this study. They are as follows:Organization of production,Working-time,Wage,Work conditionsConcept of work place,New flexible working models,New employment types*Corresponding author: kuzgun@hacettepe.edu.tr[1]TUBTAK, “2023 Dünyasnda Türkiye”. HThttp:/TT/tubitak.gov.tr/tubitak_content_files/vizyon2023/.../Ek11b.pptTH p.35.(2008)[2]MEB,“Hayat Boyu Örenme Stratejisi Belgesi Türkiye 2009” ikmep.meb.gov.tr/tr/dosyalar/LLL.Strategy.Paper.Turkey.2009.doc.p.18.(2009)[3]SPO, 2009 Annual Program,p.145, (2007)[4]MEB,“Hayat Boyu Örenme Stratejisi Belgesi Türkiye 2009” ikmep.meb.gov.tr/tr/dosyalar/LLL.Strategy.Paper.Turkey.2009.doc.p.37.(2009)16th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 816