Photonic crystals in biology - NanoTR-VI

%R0R 8)PP sodiumP0,P sodiumP ,0P sodiumP ,Poster Session, Thursday, June 17Theme F686 - N1123Culture and Fatty Acid Composition of the Green Alga, Botryococcus braunii Kütz. as an Energy FuelCell111111UGamze TuranUP P*, Edis KoruP P, Safak Seyhaneyildiz-CanP P, Hatice TekogulP P, Tugba SonmezisikP P, Semra CirikP1PEge University, Fisheries Faculty, Aquaculture Department, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, TurkeyAbstract-The result of this work demonstrated that B. braunii is a potential algal fuel resource with high lipid content (56.31 ± 0.03, % dryweight) and its biomass production and lipid synthesis stimulated by culture conditions.Due to continued use of fossil fuels is not sustainable as theyare a finite resource and their combustion lead toenvironmental problems, the recent investigations started tofocus on more renewable energy resources.As an alternative energy resource Biodiesel is anenvironmentally friendly and renewable fuel source obtainedfrom vegetable oils and used in diesel motors. Since some ofterrestrial plants, such as soybean, canola, corn, coconut andpalm tree oils used in food purposes and they require hugeareas to grow, in recent years studies on microalgae asrenewable fuel resources gained more attention due to theirsurprising ability to grow in unused areas.Microalgal lipid production is very important for the aquaticecosystem. Algae can synthesize methabolites such as fattyacids, sterols, carotenoids and lipids that have similarcomposition found also in the terrestrial plants. The lipidsproduced by algae and stored as unsaturated fatty acids are themain energy resources of the aquatic invertebrate and fishspecies. Additionally, these lipids are considered as potentialdiesel fuel resources [1]. Colonial green alga Botryococcusbraunii Kütz., (Chlorophyceae) is distributed in fresh andbrackish water lakes and reservoirs and produces lipids athigh levels. For this reason, in many studies related with lipidanalysis B. braunii was used as experimental algal species [1,2]. In generally, the lipids are stored at the cell wall of B.braunii [3, 4, 5].In this study, biomass and lipid production of Botryococcusbraunii Kütz UTEX 572 cultured under different conditionswere investigated. During the study, B. braunii was cultivatedat three different temperature, five different sodium nitrate andtwo different salinity levels. Effects of temperature level,nitrate and salinity concentrations on the biomass and lipidproduction were tested during the experiments.B. braunii was cultivated at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C. Five-1-1different Bristol mediums includes 0 g.LP 0.125 g. LP 0.25-1-1-1g.L PP, 0.5 g. L PP, ve 1 g.LP nitrate were used asnutrient mediums. Two different salinity levels ( %R0R andalso applied in 1, 3, and 5 cm in depth glass-panelphotobioreactor experiments. Cell number, optic density anddry weight of the algae were measured daily. At the end of theexperiment, algae were collected, dried and prepared for lipidextraction, total lipid determination and fatty acid compositionstudies.-1The highest biomass production (0.564 0.2 g.LPP) was found-1in the experimental group cultivated in 0.5 g.LPnitrate Bristol medium, at 20 °C. The highest lipid production(56.31 ± 0.03, % dry weight) found in the algal group wherethe nutrient medium does not contain sodium nitrate and 200PC was applied. The most productive group according to bothhigh biomass and lipid production was B. braunii was grown-1in 0.125 g. LP nitrate medium at 20 °C. The biomasswas found to be higher in 1 cm glass-panel photobioreactorwhere the salinity was %R0R the lipid production was higherin 3 and 5 cm glass panel photobioreactor. The fatty acidcomposition of B. braunii was including; behenic (% 0.41),eicosenoic (% 1.01), linoleic (% 9.92), linolenic (% 9.50),margaric (% 0.28), methyl cis 11, 14, 17 eicosatrienoic (%0.23), oleic (% 59.04), palmitic (% 16.62), pentadecanoic (%0.18) and stearic (% 2.50) acids.The present work was supported by TUBITAK under Grantnumber 107Y013*Corresponding author: HTgamze.turan@ege.edu.trT[1] Lee, S.L., Yoon, B.D., Oh, H.M., 1998. Rapid method for thedetermination of lipid from the green alga Botryococcus braunii.Biotechnology Techniques, Vol. 12, pp. 553–556.[2] Yamaguchi, K., Nakano, H., Murakami, M., Konosu, S.,Nakayamo, O., Kanda, M., Nakamura, A. and Iwamoto, H., 1987.Lipid Composition of a Green Alga Botryococcus braunii.Agriculture and Biological Chemistry. 51, 493-498.[3] Largeau, C., Casadevall, E., Berkaloff, C., and Dhamelincourt, P.,1980. Sites of accumulation and composition of hydrocarbons inBotryococcus braunii. Phytochemistry 19, 1043–1051.in the DarwinRiver Resevoir. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 22, 1637-1656.[4] Metzger, P., Largeau, C., and Casadevall, E., 1991. Lipids andmacromolecular lipids of the hydrocarbon-rich microalgaBotryococcus braunii. Chemical structure and biosynthesis. In: Herz,W., Kirby, G.W., Steglich, W., Tann, C. (Eds.), Progress in theChemistry of Organic Natural Products 57.Springer, Vienna, pp. 1–70.[5] Metzger, P., and Largeau, C., 1999. Chemical of Botryococcusbraunii. In: Cohen, Z. (Ed.), Chemicals from Microalgae. Taylor &Francis Ltd., London, pp. 205–260.6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 753