Photonic crystals in biology - NanoTR-VI

PPoster Session, Thursday, June 17Theme F686 - N1123Industrial Pollution Prevention (P2) Activities Versus Nano-Production and Impacts onEnvironment1UTaner AltunokUP P*1PÇankaya Üniversitesi, Müh. Mim. Fakültesi, Endüstri Müh. Bölümü, 06530 Balgat, Yüzüncüyıl / AnkaraAbstract--Pollution prevention(P2) at the source of production instead of pollution control after waste streams occurred is preferred activitynowadays. Nanotechnology has the potential to improve the environment, both through direct applications of nano-materials to detect,prevent, and remove pollutants and toxic materials, as well as indirectly by using nanotechnology to design cleaner industrial processes andcreate environmentally responsible products and to provide more sensitive detection systems for air and water quality monitoring. In thispaper polluton prevention activities are examined in detail in terms of nano production structures/properties. It is expected to have that nanoproduction has less negative environmental impact on ecosystem and humanbeing, also providing us better methods to deal with pollution ofhazardous materials on environment.Nanotechnology is considered to play a key role in thearranging of current environmental engineering andscience. Cost-effective technologies for remediation,pollution detection, catalysis and others are underdevelopment [1]. There is a big expectation thatnanotechnological applications and products will lead to acleaner and healthier environment [2]. Maintaining andre-improving the quality of water, air and soil, so that theEarth will be able to support human and other lifesustainably, are one of the great challenges of our time.The scarcity of water, in terms of both quantity andquality, poses a significant threat to the well-being ofpeople, especially in developing countries. Great hope isplaced on the role that nanotechnology can play inproviding clean water to these countries in an efficient andcheap way [3]. On the other hand, the discussion about thepotential adverse effects of nanoparticles has increasedsteadily in recent years and is a top priority in agencies allover the world [4, 5]. Statistics shows that the hits for asearch for risk related to nanotechnology in the Web ofScience is increasing. The same properties that can bedeleterious for the environment can be advantageous fortechnical applications and are exploited for treatment andremediation.The toxicity of some nanoparticles can be used for waterdisinfection where killing of microorganisms is intended,whereas the same property is unwanted Nanotechnology.The catalytic activity of a nanoparticle can beadvantageous when used for the degradation of pollutants,but can induce a toxic response when taken up by a cell.The high sorption capacity of certain nanoparticles isexploited for the removal of organic and inorganicpollutants while this property may also mobilizesequestered pollutants in the environment. The engineeringof nanoparticles that are easily taken up by cells will havea huge impact on medicine and pharmacological research,but the dispersion of such particles in the environment canlead to unwanted and unexpected effects. By using theseproperies of nanotechnology in terms of pollution controlmay be Preferred, because it is possible use it extensivelyfor treatment of waste streams.But critical part of today’s approach is to pollutionprevention at the source. For this reason in terms ofpollution prevention (P2) the total system must beanalyzed simultaneously to find the minimum economicoption. Experience in all industries teaches that processesthat minimize waste generation at the source are the mosteconomical. For existing plants, the problem is even moreacute. Even so, experience has shown that wastegeneration in existing facilities can be significantlyreduced( greater than 30 % on avarage) while at the sametime reducing operating costs and new capital investment.Drivers to begin P2 programs are; Legal requirement,Public image and societal expectations, Large incentive forreducing new capital investment in end-of-pipe treatment,Significant return by manufacturing costs, Need toincrease revenues from existing equipment, Corporategoal, ncreasing effectiveness by using Nanotechnology,In summary, polluton prevention activities are examinedin detail in terms of nano production structures/properties.It is expected to have that nano production has lessnegative environmental impact on ecosystem andhumanbeing, also providing us better methods to deal withpollution of hazardous materials on environment.*Corresponding author: HTtaltunok@cankaya.edu.trT[1] Environmental Protection Agency, US EnvironmentalProtection Agency Report EPA 100/B-07/001, EPAWashingtonDC 2007.[2] T.Masciangioli,W. X. Zhang, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003,37, 102A.[3] T. Hillie, M. Munasinghe, M. Hlope, Y. Deraniyagala,Nanotechnology, water and development,Meridian Institute,2006.[4] K. A. D. Guzman, M. R. Taylor, J. F. Banfield, Environ. Sci.Technol. 2006, 40, 1401.[5] M. C. Roco, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 106.6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 813