HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE - Fichier PDF

338 ❚ Organization, design and developmentcoherent approach to improving organizational effectiveness. An effective organizationcan be defined broadly as one that achieves its purpose by meeting the wantsand needs of its stakeholders, matching its resources to opportunities, adapting flexiblyto environmental changes and creating a culture that promotes commitment,creativity, shared values and mutual trust.Organizational development is concerned with process, not structure or systems –with the way things are done rather than what is done. Process refers to the ways inwhich people act and interact. It is about the roles they play on a continuing basis todeal with events and situations involving other people and to adapt to changingcircumstances.Organizational development is an all-embracing term for the approaches describedin this chapter to changing processes, culture and behaviour in the organization. Thechanges may take place within the framework of an overall programme of organizationdevelopment (OD). Within this programme, or taking place as separate activities,one or more of the following approaches may be used.●●●●●●●●●organization development (OD);change management;team building;culture change or management;total quality management;continuous improvement;business process re-engineering;performance management;organizational transformation.DefinedORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENTOrganization development (OD) has been defined by French and Bell (1990) as:A planned systematic process in which applied behavioural science principles and practicesare introduced into an ongoing organization towards the goals of effecting organizationalimprovement, greater organizational competence, and greater organizationaleffectiveness. The focus is on organizations and their improvement or, to put it anotherway, total systems change. The orientation is on action – achieving desired results as aresult of planned activities.