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The Ashkenazi Revolution

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300Betar<strong>The</strong> Betar Movement (alsospelled Beitar) is a Revisionist Zionist youth movement founded in 1923in Riga, Latvia, by Vladimir (Ze'ev) Jabotinsky. It has been traditionally linked tothe original Herut and then Likud political parties of Israel, and was closelyaffiliated with the pre-Israel Revisionist Zionist splinter group Irgun Zevai Leumi.One of many movements and youth groups arising at that time out of aworldwide revival of fascism, Betar was founded as an application of fascistprinciples to Zionism, employing the requisite political tactics of radicalmilitarism, nationalistic indoctrination of youth, and exceptionalistpropaganda to achieve the maximum degree of military strength and socialunity for the establishment and perpetuation of a Jewish state. Prior to thecreation of Israel, Betar trained Jewish youth in many different countries toserve as militia answering solely to Revisionist Zionist leaders rather thanthe British Mandate or other more left-leaning Zionists. It came to producemany of the most prominent members of Zionism and politicians of Israel,most notably Prime Ministers Yitzhak Shamir and Menachem Begin, the latter ofwhich idolized Jabotinsky.Betar (2)<strong>The</strong> Betar Fortress was the laststanding Jewish fortress in the Bar Kochba revolt of the 2nd century CE,destroyed by the Roman army of Emperor Hadrian in the year 135. Accordingto Jewish tradition the fortress was breached and destroyed on Tisha B'av, theday of mourning for the destruction of the First and the Second JewishTemple.Bialik Hayim Nahman Bialik (January 9,1873 – July 4, 1934), also Chaim or Haim, was a Jewish poet who wrotein Hebrew. Bialik was one of the pioneers of modern Hebrew poets and cameto be recognized as Israel's national poet.Biltmore Conference<strong>The</strong> Biltmore Conference, alsoknown by its resolution as the Biltmore Program, was a fundamentaldeparture from traditional Zionist policy with its demand "that Palestine beestablished as a Jewish Commonwealth." <strong>The</strong> meeting was held in New YorkCity at the prestigious Biltmore Hotel from May 6 to May 11, 1942 with 600delegates and Zionist leaders from 18 countries attending.Prior to Biltmore, official Zionism steadfastly refused to formulate the ultimateaim of the movement, preferring instead to concentrate on the practical taskof building the Jewish National Home. <strong>The</strong> Biltmore Program became the official

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