VAAM-Jahrestagung 2012 18.â21. MÃ¤rz in TÃ¼bingen

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58Here, multiple parameters were analyzed in single cells ofCorynebacterium glutamicum via FACS. By analyzing a typical growthcurve of C. glutamicum subpopulations were identified differing in size,DNA pattern, metabolic activity, membrane integrity, and membranepotential. These populations show a dynamic pattern depending on strainbackground, cultivation conditions, and growth phase. DNA patternsoscillate within the growth curve. Cells in the early log phase containmainly a single chromosome equivalent followed by a proliferation phasecharacterized by a decrease in cells with a single chromosome equivalentand an increase in cells with multiple chromosome equivalents. Cells inthe stationary phase exhibit predominantly a single chromosomeequivalent. The reductase activity (indicator for electron transport chainfunction and cellular viability) also shows significant correlation with celldensities. Cells of the log phase show the highest reductase activitywhereas cells of the early or late log phase exhibit a reduction in viability;stationary cells demonstrate the lowest activity as well as a depolarizationof the cell membrane which could not be detected in cells of the log phase.The rate of depolarization correlates with the uptake of propidium iodideindicative for damaged cell membranes. These results demonstrate flowcytometry as an efficient tool for the study of bacterial populationdynamics and process monitoring at single cell resolution.BDP008Polar magneto-aerotaxis in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldenseF. Popp* 1 , J. Hofmann 1 , D. Bartolo 2 , D. Schüler 11 LMU München, Mikrobiologie, AG Schüler, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany2 ESPCI-ParisTech, PMMH Lab, Paris, FranceThe paradigmatic concept of random walk motion observed in mostprokaryotes is greatly simplified in freely swimming magnetotacticbacteria (MTB) which contain a chain of nano-sized magnetic particles.Passive alignment with the Earth’s magnetic field forces the bacteria ontoa nearly linear track. In addition, most MTB possess the selectable trait tofollow the magnetic field lines in a preferred swimming direction (eitherN- or S-seeking) depending on the prevailing habitat conditions. To date,the underlying molecular mechanism of how magnetic polarity isintegrated with other taxis mechanisms is not understood.M. gryphiswaldense is a bipolarly flagellated gradient organism which iscapable of polar swimming behaviour if grown under selective conditions.Automated video tracking of wild type cells revealed swimming episodesin alternating directions which are interrupted by short reversals. Thereversal frequency did not change significantly in polarised cultures.We identified four chemotaxis gene clusters containing conserved genescheAWYBR in the genome of M. gryphiswaldense. Whereas deletion ofoperons 2-4 did not impact on chemotaxis, only loss of CheOp1 had a cleareffect on aerotaxis. This indicated a possible link between polarity andchemotaxis at the genetic level. In magnetospirillum cells having an apparentlysymmetrical morphology, polarity might be established by asymmetriclocalization of constituents of the chemotaxis machinery. Therefore, we studiedthe intracellular localization of fluorescent protein fusions to chemotaxisproteins CheA and CheW. Since these proteins localised to variable positions inthe cell they are unlikely to determine polarity.Swimming polarity is currently being studied quantitatively by amicrofluidic assay using fluorescence-labelled cells and in competitionassays. This will also reveal the putative selective advantage ofmagnetotaxis.BDP009Spatiotemporal patterns of microbial communities in ahydrologically dynamic alpine porous aquifer (Mittenwald,Germany)Y. Zhou*, C. Kellermann, C. GrieblerHelmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Munich,GermanyIt has been repeatedly shown for aquatic habitats that microbialcommunities underlie seasonal dynamics and follow environmentalgradients. Recently, microbial communities of karst aquifers were shownto be influenced by seasonal hydrodynamics. In turn, we investigatedseasonal patterns of selected microbial and physical-chemical variables ingroundwater and sediments of an alpine oligotrophic porous aquifer over aperiod of two years. Characterized by a high hydraulic conductivity andgroundwater flow velocities, this aquifer exhibited pronounced seasonalhydrological dynamics, which are confirmed by pronounced groundwatertable fluctuations. The groundwater table was found highest duringsummer along with lowest bacterial diversity (H’ = 1.31 ± 0.35 SD) insuspended bacterial communities, as analyzed by T-RFLP fingerprinting.A similar pattern was observed for the total number of planktonic bacteria,with lowest numbers in spring and summer (1.4×10 4 cells mL -1 ) andhighest values (2.7 ×10 5 cells mL -1 ) during winter season. The ratio of totalversus active cells, determined by analysis of intracellular ATP, waslowest in summer and winter (0.07%~10%) and highest in autumn(16%~85%). Bacterial carbon production measurements revealed highestactivities in summer and lowest in winter, with average carbon productionof 6.22 and 1.30 ng C L -1 h -1 respectively. The carbon turnover related toconcentrations of AOC, which ranged from 5 to 25 g L -1 , accounting foronly 0.1 to 1.3% of the bulk DOC. Sediment bacterial communities from anearby river exhibited a stable community composition and diversity whenexposed to groundwater for one year. Initially sterile sediments, on theother hand, were readily colonized and established a bacterial diversitysimilar to the exposed river sediment. In conclusion, hydrodynamicsmarkedly influenced the planktonic bacterial communities while attachedcommunities have not been affected by the serious hydrological changes.BDP010During stress Spx hits the emergency brake on swimming motilityN. Moliere*, K. TurgayLeibniz Universität, Institut für Mikrobiologie, Hannover, GermanyClp proteases are key players in the regulation of bacterial differentiationprocesses, such as competence [4] and sporulation [3]. The proteaseClpXP is required for differentiation into motile cells in Bacillus subtilis[1]. An important proteolysis substrate of ClpXP is the globaltranscriptional regulator Spx, which activates the expression of stresstolerance genes during oxidative stress. At the same time Spx acts as anegative regulator of a distinct group of genes, including those responsiblefor competence development. Under non-stress conditions, Spx isefficiently degraded by the ClpXP protease, resulting in a low steady statelevel of the protein. However, in response to oxidative stress, thisproteolysis is halted and Spx accumulates in the cell [2]. We haveinvestigated the effect of ClpXP on swimming motility and found that theClpXP substrate Spx acts as a negative regulator of flagellar genes.Furthermore, motility genes are transiently down-regulated in response tooxidative stress. We propose that during adverse environmental conditions,such as oxidative stress, the execution of the stress response program isgiven priority over motility development by the action of the regulatorSpx. Possible mechanisms of this negative regulation are discussed.[1] Msadek T, Dartois V, Kunst F, Herbaud ML, Denizot F, Rapoport G.ClpP of Bacillus subtilis isrequired for competence development, motility, degradative enzyme synthesis, growth at hightemperature and sporulation. Mol Microbiol. 27(5):899-914; 1998.[2] Nakano S, Zheng G, Nakano MM, Zuber P. Multiple pathways of Spx (YjbD) proteolysis inBacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 184(13):3664-70; 2002.[3] Pan Q, Garsin DA, Losick R. Self-reinforcing activation of a cell-specific transcription factor byproteolysis of an anti-sigma factor in B. subtilis. Mol Cell. Oct;8(4):873-83; 2001.[4] Turgay K, Hahn J, Burghoorn J, Dubnau D. Competence in Bacillus subtilis is controlled byregulated proteolysis of a transcription factor. EMBO J. Nov 16;17(22):6730-8; 1998.BDP011Subcellular compartmentalization of a bacterial organelle byprotein diffusion barriersS. Schlimpert* 1,2 , A. Briegel 3 , K. Bolte 2 , J. Kahnt 4 , U.G. Maier 2 ,G.J. Jensen 3 , M. Thanbichler 1,21 Max Planck Institue for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max Planck ResearchGroup “Prokaryotic Cell Biology”, Marburg, Germany2 Philipps University, Department of Biology, Marburg, Germany, Germany3 California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology and HowardHughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA, United States4 Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department ofEcophysiology, Marburg, GermanyIntracellular compartmentalization by different diffusion barriermechanisms has previously been thought to be solely utilized byeukaryotic cells. Here, we report for the first time that non-membranousprotein diffusion barriers also exist in prokaryotes. Using Caulobactercrescentus as a model organism, we show that these diffusion barriersphysically separate cell envelope components of the cell body from thethin stalk appendage and create intra-stalk domains. The Caulobacter stalkrepresents a thin extension of the cell envelope that is free of DNA,ribosomes and most cytoplasmic proteins. It is segmented at irregularintervals by so-called crossbands, disk-like structures of so far unclearfunction and identity.In this study, we discovered that crossbands serve as protein diffusionbarriers. The major constituents of these diffusion barriers are four proteinsthat co-assemble in a cell cycle-dependent manner into a static complex atthe junction between the stalk and the cell body. Using fluorescence loss inphotobleaching (FLIP) we observed that, in contrast to eukaryotic cells,these diffusion barriers not only laterally compartmentalize cellularmembranes but also limit the free diffusion of soluble (periplasmic)proteins. Moreover, competition assays with wild-type and barrierdeficientcells revealed that diffusion barriers are essential for fitness asthey minimize the effective volume of the cell body envelope, therebyallowing faster adaptation to environmental changes that require theupregulation of protein production.Collectively, our findings demonstrate that crossband formation in thestalked alpha-proteobacterium Caulobacter crescentus presents a novelmechanism to optimize growth by restricting protein mobility in aprokaryotic cell.BIOspektrum | Tagungsband 2012
59BDP012Functional analysis of the magnetosome island inMagnetospirillum gryphiswaldense: The mamAB operon issufficient for magnetite biomineralizationA. Lohße*, S. Ullrich, E. Katzmann, S. Borg, D. SchülerLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department 1, MikrobiologieAG-Schüler, Planegg-Martinsried, GermanyThe magnetotactic bacterium M. gryphiswaldense synthesizes intracellularmembrane-enveloped crystals of magnetite, which serve for magnetotacticnavigation. The biosynthesis of the nanometer-sized magnetosomes isunder strict genetic control resulting in well-defined sizes andmorphologies. Almost all genes implicated in the biogenesis were foundlocated in a conserved genomic magnetosome island (MAI). Beside thesemam and mms operons this 115-kb region is coding numerous transposasesas well as hypothetical proteins of unknown functions. Therefore, weimplemented a combination of comprehensive and functional analysis ofall MAI proteins. By the construction of multiple large deletion mutants upto 59 kb we demonstrated that the MAI can be deleted without anyconsequences for growth under laboratory conditions. While the majorityof MAI genes have no detectable function in magnetosome formation andcould be eliminated without any effect, only
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Instruments that are music to your
Page 7 and 8: General Information2012 Annual Conf
Page 9 and 10: SPONSORS & EXHIBITORS9Sponsoren und
Page 11 and 12: 11BIOspektrum | Tagungsband 2012
Page 13 and 14: 13BIOspektrum | Tagungsband 2012
Page 16: 16 AUS DEN FACHGRUPPEN DER VAAMFach
Page 20 and 21: 20 AUS DEN FACHGRUPPEN DER VAAMFach
Page 22 and 23: 22 AUS DEN FACHGRUPPEN DER VAAMMitg
Page 24 and 25: 24 INSTITUTSPORTRAITin the differen
Page 26 and 27: 26 INSTITUTSPORTRAITProf. Dr. Lutz
Page 28 and 29: 28 CONFERENCE PROGRAMME | OVERVIEWS
Page 30 and 31: 30 CONFERENCE PROGRAMME | OVERVIEWT
Page 32 and 33: 32 CONFERENCE PROGRAMMECONFERENCE P
Page 34 and 35: 34 CONFERENCE PROGRAMMECONFERENCE P
Page 36 and 37: 36 SPECIAL GROUPSACTIVITIES OF THE
Page 42 and 43: 42 SHORT LECTURESMonday, March 19,
Page 44 and 45: 44 SHORT LECTURESMonday, March 19,
Page 46 and 47: 46 SHORT LECTURESTuesday, March 20,
Page 48 and 49: 48 SHORT LECTURESWednesday, March 2
Page 50 and 51: 50 SHORT LECTURESWednesday, March 2
Page 52 and 53: 52ISV01Die verborgene Welt der Bakt
Page 54 and 55: 54protein is reversibly uridylylate
Page 56 and 57: 56that this trapping depends on the
Page 60 and 61: 60BDP016The paryphoplasm of Plancto
Page 62 and 63: 62of A-PG was found responsible for
Page 64 and 65: 64CEV012Synthetic analysis of the a
Page 66 and 67: 66CEP004Investigation on the subcel
Page 68 and 69: 68CEP013Role of RodA in Staphylococ
Page 70 and 71: 70MurNAc-L-Ala-D-Glu-LL-Dap-D-Ala-D
Page 72 and 73: 72CEP032Yeast mitochondria as a mod
Page 74 and 75: 74as health problem due to the alle
Page 76 and 77: 76[3]. In summary, hypoxia has a st
Page 78 and 79: 78This different behavior challenge
Page 80 and 81: 80FUP008Asc1p’s role in MAP-kinas
Page 82 and 83: 82FUP018FbFP as an Oxygen-Independe
Page 84 and 85: 84defence enzymes, were found to be
Page 86 and 87: 86DNA was extracted and shotgun seq
Page 88 and 89: 88laboratory conditions the non-car
Page 90 and 91: 90MEV003Biosynthesis of class III l
Page 92 and 93: 92provide an insight into the regul
Page 94 and 95: 94MEP007Identification and toxigeni
Page 96 and 97: 96various carotenoids instead of de
Page 98 and 99: 98MEP025Regulation of pristinamycin
Page 100 and 101: 100that the genes for AOH polyketid
Page 102 and 103: 102Knoll, C., du Toit, M., Schnell,
Page 104 and 105: 104pathogenicity of NDM- and non-ND
Page 106 and 107: 106MPV013Bartonella henselae adhesi
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108Yfi regulatory system. YfiBNR is
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110identification of Staphylococcus
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112that a unit increase in water te
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114MPP020Induction of the NF-kb sig
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116[3] Liu, C. et al., 2010. Adhesi
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118virulence provides novel targets
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120proteins are excreted. On the co
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122MPP054BopC is a type III secreti
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124MPP062Invasiveness of Salmonella
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126Finally, selected strains were c
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128interactions. Taken together, ou
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130forS. Typhimurium. Uncovering th
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132understand the exact role of Fla
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134heterotrimeric, Rrp4- and Csl4-c
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136OTV024Induction of systemic resi
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13816S rRNA genes was applied to ac
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140membrane permeability of 390Lh -
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142bacteria in situ, we used 16S rR
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144bacteria were resistant to acid,
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1461. Ye, L.D., Schilhabel, A., Bar
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148using real-time PCR. Activity me
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150When Ms. mazei pWM321-p1687-uidA
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152OTP065The role of GvpM in gas ve
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154OTP074Comparison of Faecal Cultu
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156OTP084The Use of GFP-GvpE fusion
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158compared to 20 ºC. An increase
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160characterised this plasmid in de
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162Streptomyces sp. strain FLA show
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164The study results indicated that
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166have shown direct evidences, for
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168biosurfactant. The putative lipo
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170the absence of legally mandated
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172where lowest concentrations were
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174PSV008Physiological effects of d
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176of pH i in vivo using the pH sen
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178PSP010Crystal structure of the e
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180PSP018Screening for genes of Sta
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182In order to overproduce all enzy
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184substrate specific expression of
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186potential active site region. We
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188PSP054Elucidation of the tetrach
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190family, but only one of these, t
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192network stabilizes the reactive
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194conditions tested. Its 2D struct
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196down of RSs2430 influences the e
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198demonstrating its suitability as
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200RSP025The pH-responsive transcri
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202attracted the attention of molec
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204A (CoA)-thioester intermediates.
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206Ser46~P complex. Additionally, B
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208threat to the health of reefs wo
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210their ectosymbionts to varying s
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212SMV008Methanol Consumption by Me
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214determined as a function of the
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216Funding by BMWi (AiF project no.
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218broad distribution in nature, oc
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220SMP027Contrasting assimilators o
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222growing all over the North, Cent
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224SMP044RNase J and RNase E in Sin
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226labelled hydrocarbons or potenti
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228SSV009Mathematical modelling of
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230SSP006Initial proteome analysis
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232nine putative PHB depolymerases
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234[1991]. We were able to demonstr
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236of these proteins are putative m
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238YEV2-FGMechanistic insight into
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240 AUTORENAbdel-Mageed, W.Achstett
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242 AUTORENFarajkhah, H.HMP002Faral
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244 AUTORENJung, Kr.Jung, P.Junge,
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246 AUTORENNajafi, F.MEP007Naji, S.
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249van Dijk, G.van Engelen, E.van H
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251Eckhard Boles von der Universit
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253Anna-Katharina Wagner: Regulatio
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255Vera Bockemühl: Produktioneiner
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257Meike Ammon: Analyse der subzell
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springer-spektrum.deDas große neue
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VAAM-Jahrestagung 2012 18.â21. MÃ¤rz in TÃ¼bingen

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VAAM-Jahrestagung 2012 18.â21. MÃ¤rz in TÃ¼bingen