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782 Chapter 19 Introduction to Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong><br />

The area of stirrups in an end block is<br />

A v = 0.021 F ih<br />

f se l t<br />

(Eq. 19.66)<br />

REFERENCES<br />

1. American <strong>Concrete</strong> Institute (ACI). “Building Code Requirements for <strong>Structural</strong> <strong>Concrete</strong>.” ACI 318-14.<br />

ACI, Detroit, MI, 2014.<br />

2. P. W. Abeles. “Design of Partially Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> Beams.” ACI Journal 64 (October 1967).<br />

3. Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> Institute (PCI). PCI Design Handbook, 7th ed. PCI, Chicago, IL, 2010.<br />

4. E. Freyssinet. “A Revolution in the Technique of Utilization of <strong>Concrete</strong>.” <strong>Structural</strong> Engineer 14<br />

(May 1936).<br />

5. H. Straub. History of Civil Engineering. Leonard Hill, London, 1952.<br />

6. P. W. Abeles and L. Dzuprynski. “Partial Prestressing, Its History, Research, Application and Future<br />

Development.” Convention on Partial Prestressing, Brussels (October 1965). Annales des Travaux Publics<br />

de Belgique 2 (April 1966).<br />

7. P. W. Abeles. “Fully and Partly Prestressed Reinforced <strong>Concrete</strong>.” ACI Journal 41 (January 1945).<br />

8. F. Leonherdt. Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> Design and Construction. Wilhelm Ernest and Son, Berlin, 1964.<br />

9. P. W. Abeles. Introduction to Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong>, vols. I and II. <strong>Concrete</strong> Publications, London, 1966.<br />

10. “The Death of Mr. Freyssinet.” S.T.U.P. Gazette, 11, (1962).<br />

11. P. W. Abeles. “Partial Prestressing and Its Possibilities for Its Practical Application.” PCI Journal 4, no. 1<br />

(June 1959).<br />

12. W. H. Hewett. “A New Method of Constructing Reinforced <strong>Concrete</strong> Tanks.” ACI Journal 19 (1932).<br />

13. R. E. Dill. “Some Experience with Prestressed Steel in Small <strong>Concrete</strong> Units.” ACI Journal 38 (November<br />

1941).<br />

14. F. W. Dodge. The Structures of Eduardo Torroja. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1959.<br />

15. E. Freyssinet. “The Birth of Prestressing.” Cement and <strong>Concrete</strong> Association Translation, no. 59, London,<br />

1956.<br />

16. G. Mangel. Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong>. <strong>Concrete</strong> Publications, London, 1954.<br />

17. W. Zerna. “Partially Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong>” (in German). Beton Stahlbeton, no. 12 (1956).<br />

18. R. H. Evans. “Research and Development in Prestressing.” Journal of the Institution of Civil Engineers<br />

35 (February 1951).<br />

19. E. Freyssinet. “Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong>, Principles and Applications.” Journal of the Institution of Civil Engineers<br />

4 (February 1950).<br />

20. P. J. Verna. “Economics of Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> in Relation to Regulations, Safety, Partial Prestressing<br />

… in the U.S.A.” Paper presented at the Fourth Congress of the FIP, Rome-Naples, Theme III, Paper 1,<br />

1962.<br />

21. S. Chaikes. “The Reinforced Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong>.” Paper presented at the Fourth Congress of the FIP,<br />

Rome-Naples, Theme III, Paper 2, 1962.<br />

22. ACI Committee 435. “Deflection of Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> Members.” ACI Journal 60 (December 1963).<br />

23. American Association of State and Highway Transportation officials (AASHTO). LRFD Bridge Design<br />

Specifications, 7th ed. AASHTO, Washington, DC, 2014.<br />

24. Posttensioning Institute (PI). Posttensioning Manual. PI, Phoenix, A2, 1976.<br />

25. Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> Institute (PCI). PCI Design Handbook. PCI, Chicago, IL, 1999.<br />

26. P. Gergley and M. A. Sozen. “Design of Anchorage Zone Reinforcement in Prestressed <strong>Concrete</strong> Beams.”<br />

PCI Journal 12 (April 1967).

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