United States yearbook - 1982 (1)

Military Sales and Assistance—Costs of American Wars 357
No. 586. U.S. Military Sales and Assistance to Foreign Governments: 1950 to 1981
[In millions of dollars, except as Indicated. For years ending June 3 0 e x c e p t, beginning 1977, ending Sept. 30. Department of
Defense (DOD) sales deliveries cover deliveries against DOD sales orders authorized under Arms Export Control Act, as well as
earlier and applicable legislation. Military Assistance Program (MAP) authorized by Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended
provides defense articles and services to eligible countries on a grant basis. MAP grant aid deliveries represent military
equipment and supplies delivered and expenditures for services. Military Assistance Service Funded program (MASF) aid, for
1966-1976, was used for providing military equipment and related sendees and training to countries engaged in hostilities in
Southeast Asia. International Military Education and Training (1MET) program data, pursuant to new legislation under Foreign
Assistance Act, as amended, show grant aid training of foreign military personnel as an independent program as of fis c a l y e a r
1976; training data, formerly provided under MAP, nave been removed from MAP and included as an integral part of IMET]
ITEM
1950-
1969
1970-
1979' 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981
Military sales agreements 1.................. 11,253 65,873 3,793 8,845 11,508 8,815 7,379 9,321 10,862 13,972 7,173
Weapons and ammunition 8............ 4,676 27,702 1,570 5,123 5,735 3,477 2,628 3,715 3,028 6,954 2,443
Combat aircraft............................ 1,509 13,139 915 2,258 3,857 1,189 461 1,974 918 1.161 736
Missiles........................................ 620 5,391 403 429 794 1,020 753 910 894 3,783 830
Ammunition................................. 765 3,372 102 535 643 402 471 420 364 420 365
Combat vehicles.......................... 1,014 3,302 33 903 355 437 390 195 732 817 378
Support equipment3........................ 2,173 7,494 680 906 965 957 541 797 1,994 1,238 1,108
Spare parts and modifications......... 2,889 14,631 976 1,590 2,795 1,808 1,637 2,031 2,515 1,729 2,439
Support services.............................. 1,961 29,912 1,599 1,647 6,643 8,354 2,942 2,965 4,726 4,764 2,905
Military construction sales agreementa.............................................
538 14,207 1,039 582 4,714 5,463 371 668 1,301 1,096 1,353
Military sales deliveries 4..................... 7,859 40,659 1,512 3.183 3,605 5,797 7,069 7,391 8,036 7,430 9,478
Military assistance programs *............. 37,350 16,587 4,229 1,546 1,051 261 235 217 228 280 268
Military assistance program
deliveries8....................................... 35,706 17,604 4,841 1,855 1,817 364 109 220 160 451 345
Military sales financing........................ 1,757 18,097 531 2,889 849 2,785 1,011 2,101 5,673 1,950 3,046
IMET program..................................... 1,422 277 47 48 33 26 24 28 27 25 29
Students trained (1,600).................. 318 179 37. 13 9 7 5 A 4 4 5
'Includes transition quarter, July-Sept. 1976. ’ Includes items not shown separately. ’ Includes aircraft, ships, support
vehicles, communications equipment, and other supplies. 'Includes military construction sales deliveries. ’ Includes military
Assistance Service Funded program data.
Source: U.S. Defense Security Assistance Agency, F o re ig n M ilita ry S a le s , F o re ig n M ilita ry C o n s tru c tio n S a le s , a n d M ilita ry
A s s is ta n c e F a c ts , S e p te m b e r 1 98 1, and unpublished data.
NO. 587. ESTIMATES OF TOTAL DOLLAR COSTS OF AMERICAN WARS, BY RANK
[in millions of dollars, except percent. Service-connected veterans’ benefits estimated at 40 percent of total veterans’ benefits
e x c e p t as noted]
WAR
ORIGINAL
INCREMENTAL DIRECT
COSTS '
Current
dollars
Constant
dofiars
(1860)
SERVICE-CONNECTED
VETERANS’ BENEFITS
Total
cost
under
present
programs
Cost to
Oct. 1,
1980 2
Interest
payments
on war
loans,
total cost
to 19613
Estimated
current
cost to
19814
World War II..................................................................... 360,000 195,000 6 1 ,1 8 7 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 8 2 1 ,2 0 0
Vietnam conflict................................................................ 140,600 32,600 11,103 (s) 151,700
Korean conflict................................................................. 50,000 17,600 (s) 9,951 60,000
World War 1 32,700 17,600 M 13,615 11,000 57,300
Civil War: Union................................................................ 2,300 2,300 3,300 3,289 1,200 6,800
Civil War: Confederacy...................................................... 1,000 1,000 - - (•) (*)
Spanish-Amerlcan War...................................................... 270 340 2,500 2,104 60 2,400
American Revolution......................................................... 100-140 140-200 28 26 20 170
War of 1812 87 50 20 20 14 120
Mexican War..................................................................... 62 90 26 26 10 12a
- Represents zero. 1Figures are rounded and taken from Claudia D. Goldin, E n c y c lo p e d ia o f A m e ric a n E c o n o m ic H is to ry , p.
038, ’ For World War I and later wars, benefits are actual service-connected figures from 1 9 8 0 A n n u a l R e p o rt o f V e te ra n s
Administration. For earlier wars, service-connected veterans' benefits are estimated at 40 percent of total, the approximate ratio of
service-connected to total benefits since World War 1. ’ Interest payments are a very rough approximation based on thepercentage
of the original costa of each war financed by money creation and debt, the difference between the level of public debt
at the beginning of the war and at its end, and the approximate time required to pay off the war debts, * F ig u res are rounded,
’ Unknown.
Source: Originally presented in U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, T h e M ilita ry B u d g e t a n d N a tio n a l E c o n o m ic P rio ritie s ,
Part 1, 91st Congress, 1st session (statement o f James L. Clayton); subsequently revised and updated by James L. Clayton,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.