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United States yearbook - 1982 (1)

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Scientists and Engineers 597<br />

NO, 1023. SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS, BY FIELD, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, AND SEX: 1976 TO 1980<br />

[In thousands, except percent. Represents the total science and engineering population in the <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong>]<br />

FIELD<br />

Total<br />

1976 1978 19B0<br />

Number<br />

Percent<br />

female<br />

in<br />

labor<br />

force<br />

Total<br />

Number<br />

Percent<br />

female<br />

In<br />

labor<br />

force<br />

Total<br />

Number<br />

Percent<br />

female<br />

In<br />

labor<br />

force<br />

Outside<br />

labor<br />

force 1<br />

Total, alt f ie l d s .................................................<br />

Engineers, total...........................................<br />

Scientists, total...........................................<br />

Life scientists..........................................<br />

Physical scientists...................................<br />

Computer scientists.................................<br />

Social scientists.......................................<br />

Psychologists..........................................<br />

Mathematical scientists...........................<br />

Environmental scientists...........................<br />

2,706 9.2 2,452 2,741 9.7 2,508 2,964 11.7 2,720 244<br />

1,375<br />

1,330<br />

314<br />

261<br />

180<br />

237<br />

123<br />

1 1 0<br />

8 6<br />

.6<br />

18.2<br />

19.4<br />

9.4<br />

20.2<br />

24.5<br />

25.0<br />

20.6<br />

7.5<br />

1,268<br />

1,184<br />

286<br />

237<br />

173<br />

2 1 1<br />

106<br />

92<br />

77<br />

'Includes those not employed or not seeking employment, such as retirees.<br />

Source: National Science Foundation, U .S . S c ie n tis ts a n d E n g in e e rs , annual.<br />

1,396 1 .6<br />

1,345 18.2<br />

328 2 2 .0<br />

255 8.9<br />

238 18.0<br />

205 20.6<br />

132 27.3<br />

108 18.4<br />

81 10.6<br />

1,285<br />

1,223<br />

296<br />

217<br />

235<br />

189<br />

123<br />

90<br />

74<br />

1,477<br />

1,487<br />

412<br />

260<br />

299<br />

192<br />

130<br />

98<br />

9 6<br />

2.4<br />

2 1 .0<br />

2 2 .2<br />

11.5<br />

21.5<br />

26.0<br />

36.3<br />

18.7<br />

1 1 .8<br />

1,369<br />

1,351<br />

375<br />

217<br />

296<br />

174<br />

119<br />

82<br />

6 8<br />

106<br />

136<br />

37<br />

43<br />

4<br />

17<br />

1 0<br />

16<br />

9<br />

No. 1024. Characteristics of Scientists and Engineers: 1980<br />

[Percent distribution, except as indicated. Represents the total science and engineering population in the <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong>]<br />

CHAR A C TER ISTIC<br />

Total<br />

Engineers<br />

Physical<br />

scientists<br />

Mathematloal<br />

Computer<br />

specialists<br />

Environmental<br />

scientists<br />

Life<br />

scientists<br />

Psychologists<br />

Social<br />

scientists<br />

Total (1,000)...................................... 2,964 1,4 7 7 260 98 299 96 412 130 192<br />

Male.......................................................... 68.3 97.6 86.5 B1.3 70.5 88.2 7 7 .8 63.7 74.0<br />

Female...................................................... 11.7 2.4 1 1 .5 18.7 21.5 1 1 .8 22.2 36.3 26.0<br />

Highest degree:<br />

Doctorate... 1 1 .0 3.7 26.1 17.3 2.3 16.5 22.1 32.8 28.7<br />

Master's.... 26.0 19.7 23.7 61.4 26.4 38.4 36.5 57.1 40.2<br />

Bachelor's.. 68.1 72.6 50.1 21.2 71.1 45.0 41.1 10.0 31.1<br />

Other........ 2.1 4.0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2

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