Security and Defense Studies Review - Offnews.info

More documents

Recommendations

Info

on the other hand seeks immediate and wide dissemination of the information gathered. The former’semphasis on discretion is vital to the analysis targeting limited dissemination of the information tothe official consumers: the policy-makers. Journalistic goals are to maintain a free press with theability to keep the general public informed. This runs counter to official intelligence purposes. Plainlyto the intelligence community reality is classified. Thus the media and the intelligence community areusually at odds with the ultimate use of the information collected. One is national security driven andthe other motivated by open and wide dissemination of information.In the last 170 years the world has witnessed the invention of photography, telegraphy, telephony,radio, television, flight (aircraft and satellites), computers, the fax, mobile phone, fiber optic andmost recently the internet or cyber-world. These technologies have significantly strengthened themass media. At the same time they have presented enormous challenges to the secrecy componentof the official intelligence. Further complicating the collection aspect has been the digitalization ofthese technologies. The convergence of telecommunications and computer technologies has had anenormous impact on the transmission of information. The challenge is to maintain or preserve theintegrity of the information. The speed in dissemination of information has virtually revolutionizedthe world of information akin to the recent theme that modern communications have become “thedeath of distance.”Technology has empowered not only the media but also has enabled rogue states and non-stateactors to pose greater dangers. These asymmetrical threats from non-state actors include terroristgroups, organized criminal syndicates and narco-trafficking organizations. The media, official stateand non-state actors have virtually complete access to these new technologies. The conventionalconduit to keeping the public informed is the mass media. Governments usually view the media asan opportunity to selectively supply with information of their choice to keep the public interestedand supportive of public policy. Yet, that has become a tremendous challenge as radio and televisiondeveloped into twenty-four hour news services world-wide.Another important new factor or element in this evolution is the rise of the internet. This posesnot only a challenge to the intelligence community but also to the traditional print media. A perfectexample is the fact that the internet now has literally millions of bloggers. These bloggers are standalone sources of information, misinformation and /or propaganda. They have become importantplayers in the global information network. Moreover, the internet has provided radical or subversivegroups with a ready and rapid way to communicate using chat rooms, messaging or blog postings.The technical challenge to detect them is evident . For the mass media, especially the printedone, surveys show that the younger generation, below 35 years old, does not get their news fromnewspapers or magazines any longer. They rely on the internet or the bloggers or on-line reportingby the traditional and non-traditional news media. Bloggers specifically present a greater concernin the new media because they abide by no code of conduct in revealing information regardless ofaccuracy or sensitivity. Thus, much inaccurate, misleading and patently false information is rapidlydisseminated.At the same time asymmetrical threatening groups use it to convey or transmit valuableinformation. In sum, all the former concerns with the media in terms of safeguarding informationto protect the national security are in question now. The new technologies in mobile telephony andremote computerization have further enabled these threatening groups to become more nimble indisseminating information or propaganda as well as communicating more timely and effectivelyamong themselves to avoid instant detection. The task is to attempt to detect any threats in a timelyfashion. Basically, what is taking place in many foreign and defense ministries and law enforcementcenters (includes municipal police, customs, firearms and immigration officials) is a frantic effortto keep up with the new telecommunications technologies and the new media in cyberspace. Thedaunting task is not only to detect but to collect and tamp down on information which includesintelligence ‘leaks’, misinformation or patently false information that impacts on national security.140Security and Defense Studies Review 2009/Edición 2009/ Edicão 2009/ Volume 9, Issues 1 & 2
Clearly, security, intelligence and the media are closely intertwined in today’s world. The almostuniversal availability of the new technologies which enables instantaneous communication anddissemination of information for all including hostile or threatening groups presents a continuousconundrum for security. This suggests that governments must be prepared to re-evaluate thechallenges of the new media configuration and its implications for national security. The loomingquestion is how to preserve security while embracing the new technologies used by the new mediaand increasingly relied on by the traditional media. A new balance must be formulated betweensecurity and the media: how to preserve a public institution that educates or informs and the otherwhich seeks to prevent the media overall from becoming harmful to security.Any official attempt to stifle or control the flow of information deemed damaging or unacceptablefor dissemination will fail given the new technical world we live in.. The task at hand is how tomanage these new technologies in such a way that the freedom of expression is preserved whilesecurity is safeguarded. The intelligence community must seek to re-think the relationship with themedia . The traditional link or relationship has become totally outdated. The new cyber-net collectorsof information or intelligence have no need for publishers, editors, advertisers or underwritersforegoing the essential task of fact checking and the need for multiple sources. What prevails nowis the freedom to disseminate any information considered newsworthy, provocative, promoting anideology or political point of view. Accuracy as noted is unfortunately not often a requisite in thisnew world of information. As noted above, the conventional print and broadcast media finds itselfincreasingly monitoring the internet bloggers for information.Lastly, today security largely depends on the digital world as well as being threatened by it.The entire intelligence apparatus utilizes the new technologies to collect, communicate, transmitand analyze. The enemies or hostile groups of the established order have equal access to thesenew technologies and the ability to manipulate the mass media. The media is in the process oftransformation due to the rapidly emerging new formats of disseminating information. The wholeinternational community must recognize this new challenge and move quickly to proactively addressthe new relationship of security, intelligence and the media.Security and Defense Studies Review 2009/Edición 2009/ Edicão 2009/ Volume 9, Issues 1 & 2 141
Page 4 and 5:
Document: Speech on “Security, In
Page 6 and 7:
6Security and Defense Studies Revie
Page 8 and 9:
un tema de seguridad y defensa porq
Page 10 and 11:
Los Intereses de la República Popu
Page 12 and 13:
En el marco estratégico descrito e
Page 14 and 15:
Works (FAW), Geeley, Dongfeng, y Ch
Page 16 and 17:
interés en participar en el yacimi
Page 18 and 19:
al emplear personas locales en todo
Page 20 and 21:
había un banco en Colombia especia
Page 22 and 23:
ehén de los FARC, escribe de siete
Page 24 and 25:
estadounidenses en el futuro, y por
Page 26 and 27:
26Security and Defense Studies Revi
Page 28 and 29:
Existe numerosa literatura que trat
Page 30 and 31:
La Tabla 1.1, demuestra que el apor
Page 32:
Los cuestionamiento a este modelo d
Page 35 and 36:
….derogaremos la Ley del Cobre y
Page 37 and 38:
Figura 4.3.Aporte de CODELCO por ve
Page 39:
Figura 6.Elaboración propia distri
Page 42 and 43:
de los proyectos de defensa necesit
Page 44 and 45:
En el caso de las inversiones en de
Page 46 and 47:
Anexo 1PROTOCOLO DE ACUERDO QUE ACO
Page 48 and 49:
OECD. “Models of Public Budgeting
Page 50 and 51:
proyectos nacionales y democrático
Page 52 and 53:
DesprofesionalizaciónEn la región
Page 54 and 55:
Según algunos autores, “no sorpr
Page 56 and 57:
(antinarcóticos), la Guardia Coste
Page 58 and 59:
supervigilen las acciones intrusiva
Page 60 and 61:
Quizás una de las fallas provenga
Page 62 and 63:
Junto con ello se elaboró una nuev
Page 64 and 65:
Colombia). Por otro, hay una serie
Page 66 and 67:
Maldonado, Carlos, “Profesionalis
Page 68 and 69:
policías y militares no ha estado
Page 70:
La relación entre fuerzas militare
Page 73 and 74:
dictaduras. En aquellos con más tr
Page 75 and 76:
efectos de planificación se ha hab
Page 77 and 78:
BibliografíaAguila, Ernesto y Mald
Page 79 and 80:
Sherman, Lawrence. et.al. 1973. Tea
Page 81:
Influenza Pandemic and its National
Page 84 and 85:
and restaurant services” is expec
Page 86 and 87:
The ability of the health sector to
Page 88 and 89:
BibliographyAlmond, D. and B. Mazum
Page 90 and 91: El trabajo parte del supuesto de qu
Page 92 and 93: es tanto una elección voluntaria c
Page 94 and 95: Por otro lado, Rusia nunca ha visto
Page 96 and 97: La Organización del Tratado del At
Page 98 and 99: liquidez internacional pero tambié
Page 100 and 101: petróleo recientemente descubierta
Page 102 and 103: Dentro de este esquema, Estados Uni
Page 104 and 105: 104Security and Defense Studies Rev
Page 106 and 107: minimize a number of attempts at fo
Page 108 and 109: kidnapping, of Maria Edith de Deber
Page 110 and 111: The political campaign that resulte
Page 112 and 113: would carry out the more violent ta
Page 114 and 115: of the EPP so far, is the relative
Page 117 and 118: to accept ideas, policies or course
Page 119 and 120: eing killed themselves—the idea t
Page 122 and 123: In Latin America, the role played b
Page 124 and 125: the Church to be given to the dying
Page 126 and 127: from providing military chaplains t
Page 128 and 129: Perhaps one of the clearest example
Page 130 and 131: was prepared by the Office of the C
Page 132 and 133: 132Security and Defense Studies Rev
Page 135 and 136: Keynote Speech by Dr. Frank O. Mora
Page 137 and 138: If successful, these infrastructure
Page 139: Security, Intelligence and the Role
Page 143 and 144: Contratapa(Contratapa offers, in a
Page 145 and 146: efforts have become intertwined; fo
Page 147 and 148: comprensión de sus valores y cultu
show all

Security and Defense Studies Review - Offnews.info

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?