Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris

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REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVlEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RwISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASlN ÖZETi War against Kurdish separatists becomes matter for all Turks 'They are trying to destroy the social fabric of the country' By Daniel J. Wakin Associated Press Writer ANKARA- The scenes and strains of war hare finally begun to grip this country after 10 years of a faraway fight against Kurdish rebels. The body bags keep coming home, the financial burden is growing and intolerant nationalism is emerginl!. With a recent surge in the \10lence, the war is dominating public discourse and worrying many Turks and foreign diplomats about its effects on the country. Once the gorernment dismissed Kurds as "mountain Turks" and referred to attacks in the remote and poor southeast by the autonomy-seeking Kurdistan Workers' Party as isolated terrorist incidents. But 10 years of fighting have gone by, and the government's reported death toll has gone beyond 10,000, nearly 2,000 in the past year alone. From September through October, 453 villagers and 200 securj.ty officials were killed, said Governor Unal Erkan, who has police and administrative authority orer 13 provinces in the southeast. Pictures of dead women and children often appear on the front pages of newspapers. Last month, the military chief of staff acknowledged the fight amounted to a "low intensity war." The government has devoted 150,000 soldiers and paramilitary police to the fight against the guerrillas, who the authorities say number 7,000, less than half what the PKK claims. Turkey', already burdened with nearly $60 bIllion of debt and 67 percent inflation, is spending about 56.6 billion a year on the war, a figure expected to rise. That compares to a projected 1994 budget of $32 billion. The economy in the southeast has been devastated. Banks are pulling ouI, sales of consumer goods are down 20 percent and prirate investment has nearly ceased, the Ankara Chamber of Industry said in a study. Hundreds of thousands of Kurds have mored westward. The psychological and social effec~ run d~ep. Even though only a minority of the country's 12 million Kurds support the PKK, the riolence has forced many of them, as well as Turks with Kurdish roots, to confront their "Kurdishness," whether they want to or not. That plays into the PKK's hands, according to Volkan Vural. Premier Tansu Çiller's top adviser. "They are trying to destroy the social fabric of the country," he said in an interview. Funerals for soldiers often become fist-waving, anti-Kurdish demonstrations. Ultranationalist politicians who urge iron-fist tactics have become frequent talk show l!uests and are gaining in popularitr ~Necklaces wIth the Turkish flag s star and crescent have become popular fashion accessories. Growing "like a snowball among the Turkish republic is the opinion that whatever the consequences, the Kurds should be made to pay for what is happening," the EnglIsh-language Daily News said in a recent commentary. The steady military casualties are taking a toll on a country with a tradi- . tion of military pride that dates back centuries to the earliest Seljuk rulers and Ottoman sultans. No organized peace protests have emerged, but anti war feelings are evident and draft-dodging is l!rowing. A military spokesman took ihe unusual step earlier this month of condemning evaders. The government has suggested it will introduce legislation to, punish them. . ''This 'is a.-dirty;wa,. Nobody_wants to send their kids to it," said Semih Idiz, Ankara bureau chief of the Turkish Daily News. Hamm Tan, 48, the wife of a janitor in a building inhabited by military and government families, leaned against the doorway of her barren apartment. Her son had just come back from the front, t~rmented by the deaths of his compamons. "It's better for it to come to an end," she said. "Everybody's son is dying. We have to stop this anarchy." Upstairs, in a carpeted apartment with chintz curtains, five officers' wives in their 50's had gathered for curs of Turkish coffee. Our hearts bleed every day when we hear of a killing," said Sldlka Kibaroglu. But when pressed, the women agree with the &overnment's tough military policy. 'This is our country. We can't allow them to destroy our unity," said Nezahat Sözer. Çiller announces 'joint action' with Iran on terrorism Karaya/çln refuses to meet Iranian Deputy President Turkish Daily News ANKARA- Prime Minister Tansu Çiller said on Tuesday, "We have agreed with Iran on joint action against terrorism. This action can be on our territory or on Iran's territory.- The details will be handled by the security forces and the interior ministry." Çiller, who was informing her True Path Party's parliamentary group about her meeting wIth Iran's first Deputy President Hassan Habibi on Monday, did not elaborate on the subject beyond thIS. Security talks between Turkey and Iran at the level of senior offiçials from the minis- tries of interior at the beginning of' the month had resulted in an accord under which the sides had aweed to send observers to follow each otner's "search and destroy" operations against terrorist bases. Officiais said at the time that the idea behind this accord was that both governments would have the right to complall1 to the other side about the activities of separatist or anti-government organizations based there and working against its interests. The side making the complaint would then have the privIlege of monitoring the. operations in the otner country against such gr~ups. I.t wo~ld not however engage in JOll1t action aimed at eradicating these groups. .~his accord was specifically aimed at the mIlitants of the outlawecl Ku'-!istan W(lr~ers' Party (PKK), on the Turkish side ariJthe activities of the Iranian Kurdistan Democracy Pcu:ty (IKDP) and the Mujahedeen Khalq orgal1lza~lOn, on the Iranian side. .Althou~h USIl1 0 the term "joint action," Prime Mll1ister Ôller's announcement on Tuesday appeared to be no more than a reference to the accord arrived at the technical level earlier in the month. Çiller's foreion policy adviser, Volkan Vural, later told reporters the two leaders 121
REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVIEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RwISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASIN ÖZETi had agreed on Monday to coo~rate in Turkey's buk against the PKK. "The two sides share a very close understanding on terrorism and security," he said without any reference to the Mujahedeen Khalq or the IKDP. Vural also said the twa leaders decided to. exchange information for better cooperation against terrorism and hold a meeting at ministeriallevel soon. Iran has been pressin "Turkey. to crack down on supporters 0r the MUJahedeen'. Khalq and the IKDP in Turkey, but Ankara has announced no new measures on this to date. The issue of terrorism was also high on the agenda of Habibi's talks on Tuesday. with Parliamentary Speaker Hüsamettin Cindoruk and President Süleyman Demirel. Both men received the Iranian deputy president separatelyon the second day of his official visit to Turkey . . During his meeting with Cindoruk, Habibi reiterated what he had said on Monday . and indicated that they were against all . forms of terrorism. In various interviews with the Turkish press published on Tuesday. Habibi said they were perfectly aware of the evil of terronsm because they had suffered.from it for years. He also referred to their "havin¥, called on the world on countless occasions' because of this, only to see their cries fall on deaf ears. Some analysts took tl'is as an indirect ':01!1plaint about Turkey's allowin~ t.he âC- . tlvltles of the MUjahedeen Khalq on ItS territory. Turkey for its part has complained in the past about PKK camps in Iran and accused . Tehran of aiding this organization in various ways. • In a separate development on Tuesday, , Murat Karayalçm, leader cif the junior coalition partner, the Social Democratic Peoples . . Party (SHP), and deputy prime minister, refused to meet Habibi. An aide to Karayalçm confirmed reports that he had scrapped the meeting because he was upset over Habibi's refusaI ta visit Atatürk's mausoleum, a customary procedure for visiting foreign leaders. . . Smce Iran's ]979 Islamic revolution, its leaders have refused to visit the tomb of the man who put Turkey into a secular mould and overturned the rule of Shariah, the Islamic religious and legal system which "O\'ems Iran. In recent years Turkey has swailowed its pride and not insisted that Iranian leaders visit the mausoleum. but 'Karayalçln's party (SHP) sees itself as a guardian of Atatürk's legacy. Yet there was little sign that Habibi's talks had been clouded by Karayalçm'scancellation of his meeting .with Habibi. . Following the announcement that Habibi had cancelled the last Ie!! of his visit to Turkey, during which was due to visit istanbul today, there were unconfirmed reports that the 'Iranian side had decided on this as a response to Karayalçm's .snub. Habibi's Press Conference . Addressing a press conference at the end of his official talks in Ankara on Tuesday Habibi refrained from responding to questions aboutterrorism in delail. He SaId this was technical subject and recalled that there was a Joint Security Committee between the 1\\'0 countries where these issues were discussed. Habibi also denied that PKK militants infiltrated into Turkey from Iran. He acknowledged however there were militants based on the border region between Turkev. Iran and Iraq and said these militants filtered into Turkey over Iraq after travelling to there from the Iranian border region. He said his country would be taking added measures to prevent these movements. '. Habibi also denied that Iran was acting as mediator between Turkey and Syria in order for an early meeting by the !hree countries to discuss Northern Iraq and other regIOnal Issues. Sources say Syria wants to link the terrorism issue __ which Ankara is sensitive about 0- with the issue of regional waters -- which Damascus is sensitive about before such a meeting is held ..Turkey refuses such a linkage saying the two are separate Issues . Habibi said that ail the Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Velayeti was doing in this context was to act as coordinator between the Turkey and Syria in order to establish a date for the meeting. Libération - 22 décembre 1993 HAur-RHIN Le PKK soupçonné de flammes meurtrières Un racket kurde pourrait être à l'origine de la mort de . six personnes il y aun mois à Mulhouse . .Strasbourg,correspondance R sur le palier du premier étage. L'expertise judiciaire rendue publique lundi u~iye, une fillette de 3 ans, tout comme Ibrahim, 13 ans, Satie, 17 révèle une origine criminelle, de l'essence white spirit ayant été décelée à ans, Satilmis, 18 ans, et leurs parents, sont vraisemblablement morts l'origine du feu. Madame Marie-Christine Marchioni, juge d'instruction, a asphy)(iés dans la nuit du 20 au 21 novembre dernier à Mulhouse, victimes aussitôt requalifié son dossier en incendie volontaire. Lés enquêteurs s'in-. du racket révolutionnaire du PKK, le Parti communiste du Kurdistan. Cette téressent à I'hypothèse du racket kurde. nuit-là, un incendie éclatait dans un immeuble vétuste du centre-ville de Mul- exploitant une épicerie au rez-de- En effet, le propriétaire de l'immeuble, house, occupé par des famille turques. chaussée et résidant au premier étage, Au dernier étage, les pompiers devaient retrouver les six victimes, endie, avait aussitôt rappelé qu'il était en Bayram Gocurucu, la nuit de l'incentassées asphyx iées dans la même pièce. butte_aux militants kurdes du PKK qui Selon. toute probabilité, l'appartement l'avaient contacté pour prélever un im- . n'ayant pas été atteint par les flammes, . pôt révolutionnaire. Lui-même kurde les oc
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