book1

Conclusions
The results would appear to confi rm some academic concerns regarding
the quality of REDD+ governance arrangements. It would also be interes� ng
to determine whether the results generated from this survey would be
similar at an individual country level (such as Nepal). With regards to the
surveys themselves, it is also worth no� ng the poten� al existence of a
par� cipa� on gap between fi nancial ‘insiders’ (such as government) and
‘outsiders’ (environmental NGOs) regarding REDD+ governance quality.
But the results are from a short-term study, and one with rela� vely few
par� cipants. The surveys nevertheless do provide some insights into the
quality of governance but are not defi ni� ve in their own right. Longer-term
inves� ga� on will be necessary to determine if the trends iden� fi ed here are
correct. However it is worth making the point that quality-of-governance
standards would make it easier for poten� al and actual par� cipants in
global environmental governance systems like REDD+ to determine whether
they should engage in a given ini� a� ve or not. Standards would also allow
poten� al and actual investors to determine the ‘governance risk’ of climate
change investments.
Changing paradigms of aid eff ec� veness in Nepal 113