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lock in the founda� ons of a new aid system. Fortunately, the cons� tu� on
of the Mul� Stakeholders Team on Civil Society Development Eff ec� veness,
formed in April 2009 under the Working Party on Aid Eff ec� veness of
the OECD-DAC, is defi nitely a giant step ahead. Open forum for CSO
Development Eff ec� veness came out with a stronger commitment “The Siem
Reap CSO Consensus on the Interna� onal Framework for CSO Development
Eff ec� veness. The key is that be� er accountability is a precious ingredient to
increase and enhance the level of credibility of CSOs.
Nepal is considered a best prac� ce in the interna� onal arena for being
able to create the condi� ons for be� er quality aid being implemented in the
Country. As a sign of maturity, the upcoming Nepal Por� olio Performance
Review (NPPR) to be held on 17 th and 18 th of November, will raise the
important issue of “mutual accountability” that will also look at the joint
responsibili� es in strengthening the country system and improve the overall
quality of aid delivered to Nepal. A Na� onal and regional level dialogue
could be ini� ated in order to collect ideas, analyze current concerns and
bo� leneck. The selected proposi� ons will be reformulated as a set of
standards that will lead to the formula� on of the Na� onal Compact on Grass
Root Aid Eff ec� veness to be offi cially endorsed by the engaged par� es. In
quest of establishing the na� onal compacts, the Compact could off er
minimum standards for bringing aid eff ec� veness at local level through a
set of principles and benchmarks. The Siem Reap CSO Consensus could be a
good base for discussions.
Nepal is obviously in a good posi� on to show and lead the way in
moving forward the agenda of “real aid” at local level. Only if civil society
organiza� ons, regardless of their status will agree on working out prac� cal
ways to improve their work at local and grassroots level, Nepal will be able
to fully take advantage of a new, strengthened “mutual accountability.” The
ci� zen of Nepal will be the real winners of this bold move.
Vidyadhar Mallik focuses on “Aid Eff ec� veness and Nepal’s Road to
Busan.” He argues that the necessity for the management of aid resources
was felt in the dawn of 21 st century. The OECD generated discourses around
aid eff ec� veness with a report called Shaping the 21 st century: The Role of
Development Coopera� on. Following series of interna� onal declara� on to
achieve development goals, in 2005, 2 nd High Level Forum (HLF) promulgated
“Paris Declara� on on Aid Eff ec� veness” with 56-ac� on commitments and 12
indicators to monitor these commitments, worldwide. The HLF-4 adopted
Accra Agenda for Ac� on to accelerate the proper implementa� on of Paris
Principles.
Nepal’s Foreign Aid Policy, 2002 as a guiding and integral principle for
the resource mobiliza� on states that foreign aid will be directed to achieve
na� onal goal of poverty reduc� on. It has emphasized on concessional loans
and grants, budgetary supports, use of Nepalese resource persons in the
technical assistance provided by donors, one door policy for supports through
INGOs and NGOs, emphasis on domes� c resource mobiliza� on, leadership
and ownership of government, suppor� ve role of Nepalese civil society,
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