Language of the Blues - Edmonton Blues Society

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` Shankings, or stabbings, were fairly common incidents in some of the rougher gutbucket joints a person might wander into for a drink and some cheap entertainment, hence the SH A R E C R OPPIN G Sharecropping is the working of a piece of land by a tenant in exchange for a share of the United States after the Civil War ended in 1865 and plantation owners, as well as their freed slaves, had to come up with a new economic system. The Civil War ended slavery in the United States and put southern landowners in a pickle. Without slaves, how would the plantation owners farm their vast tracts of land? seeds and fertilizer, let alone hire workers. Meanwhile, the freed slaves had no work and nowhere to go. Many were living in their old slave quarters, or in o keep from starving to death. York C Ity, 1990. photo © Joseph A. Rosen 154
` A bargain was struck. White landowners mortgaged their properties or convinced local banks to extend them enough credit to buy seeds and plantings, tools, and basic provisions for the freed slaves. The ex-slaves, in turn, agreed to stay on the plantations and plant and harvest the crops in exchange for half their value. Unfortunately, because the landowners sold their tenants seeds, fertilizer, tools, food, and other supplies on credit, the owners set both prices and interest rates as they wished. Although some landowners were fair, many took advantage by overcharging tenants so zero, or even leave the cropper in debt to the landlord. Sharecropping was not exclusive to the post~Civil War United States. Peasants around the world have been stuck in this feudalistic system for generations. Many immigrants to the United States, such as sharecroppers from Sicily, came in hopes of one day owning, rather than renting, a patch of land. Resentment of the patron, or landowner, fueled Fidel president Salvador Allende in Chile in 1970, and ongoing struggles between landowners and peasants around the world. Although in the United States sharecropping began as mutual cooperation born of desperation, it developed into modern-day feudalism. Once the system got going, the larger plantations printed their own money and minted their own coins for sharecroppers to use at the plantation store. These stores were in a position to charge exorbitant prices for necessities. Plantation money was usually accepted in the nearest town, but was useless anywhere else. This situation kept many African Americans tied to the plantation long after Emancipation. - parents, and grew up unfortunately we were not one of those families. It was hard, working in the fields in the hot sun, sometimes in the rain. You'd go out so early, before the sun came up, and stay for the hard work that you did. 333 -- it all depends on how fair-minded he was -- you would come out with a little money. And if he was one of those guys that wanted to keep you down, . Maybe you still owe! A lot of folks were not Plantation owners hired salaried white overseers to enforce rigid rules and drive the tenants to work as hard as possible. Along with being threatened and punished, sharecroppers were routinely cheated, and a second definition for sharecropping emerged - 155
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` Ebook published February 1, 2012
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` Winner of the 2007 ASC AP Deems T
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` Foreword John Lee Hooker, and
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` To Son Seals, for inspiration vii
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` Savannah Syncopators African Rhy
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` English by Joseph Holloway and Wi
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` nicked words and phrases from the
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` List of Entries Please note that
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` A L C O RUB A The drink of last r
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` Tommy Johnson in his only known p
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` Bad Axe (Alligator Records) befo
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` some people do think that, but if
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` Blues musicians also used bailing
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` Songs: - Bessie Smith/H.Webman
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` Songs: - Lovie Austin, performed
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` Grab hold of a black cat, she tol
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` Armstrong did for the trumpet. Wi
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` exier the drunker the dancers b
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` The singing and drumming of the n
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` griots, who keep tribal historie
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` Songs: - Big Bill Broonzy (Willi
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` Williams explained. 77 deer hun
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` The modern guitar is a direct des
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` No matter what odd device the pla
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` Bessie Smith beaming in a publici
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` dates back even further, to the C
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` The wardens at country prison far
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` C H I C K The Wolof word jigen de
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` The word chitterling comes from O
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` cock. It 104 Muddy Waters, a.k.
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` Bob M argolin and M uddy Waters,
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` Songs: - Bukka White (Booker
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` C O NJUR E To conjure is to cast
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` 119 the force that character Ult
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` always had this sly smile going
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` C R OSS N O T E Tuning the guitar
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` Johnson was believed by some to h
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` 144 Robert Lockwood became know
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` Songs: - Will Day - Robert John
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` Charlie Patton began recording fo
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` good came out of leaving the pla
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` In blues songs, a person who has
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` Memphis M innie flashes her gold
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` touch the dust and the dust begin
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` which he declared: Songs: Big
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` toenail clippings, or skin from
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` around- brothers were called Wid
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` she went out one morning and foun
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` men feared losing their women to
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` When the Europeans came, when the
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` Songs: Gris- - Dr. John (Mac Rebe
Page 104 and 105: ` H E L L H O UND (see also B L A C
Page 106 and 107: ` H O B O C O C K T A I L When you
Page 108 and 109: ` New Orleans boogie- Songs: -
Page 110 and 111: ` for Jewish. He noted that there a
Page 112 and 113: ` Songs: - Leadbelly (Huddie Ledbe
Page 114 and 115: ` Songs: I drink so much of Jake,
Page 116 and 117: ` Bluebird Records in 1941], I star
Page 118 and 119: ` he flame of a black candle, or p
Page 120 and 121: ` African American charms made with
Page 122 and 123: ` In From Juba to Jive: A Dictionar
Page 124 and 125: ` He said he had friends still in A
Page 126 and 127: ` les my den Although harmless to
Page 128 and 129: ` acres of rich farmland that would
Page 130 and 131: ` , Elmore performances in Chicag
Page 132 and 133: ` Ace set the template that Elvis
Page 134 and 135: ` Three factors determine what a mo
Page 136 and 137: ` produced today in Appalachia, mos
Page 138 and 139: ` The connection between prostitute
Page 140 and 141: ` own. The first state lottery was
Page 142 and 143: ` Meanwhile, thousands of hoe-boys
Page 144 and 145: ` back in the early 1900s, Simmons
Page 146 and 147: ` unregulated entertainment, such a
Page 148 and 149: ` 320 Texas stuff and some Chicago
Page 150 and 151: ` Songs: - Bukka White (Booker T.
Page 152 and 153: ` to play on metal or a box with t
Page 156 and 157: ` Some plantation owners were fair,
Page 158 and 159: ` SH I M M Y The shimmy is a dance
Page 160 and 161: ` SH U F F L E The famous blues shu
Page 162 and 163: ` 350 The African American tales
Page 164 and 165: ` to many songs that Dixon wrote ex
Page 166 and 167: ` Songs: Mmm, where my Third Street
Page 168 and 169: ` the far more popular blues artist
Page 170 and 171: ` Songs: - Peetie Wheatstraw - Ha
Page 172 and 173: ` Blues players sometimes also call
Page 174 and 175: ` Songs in Vestapol: Many fine exam
Page 176 and 177: ` True vibrato requires significant
Page 178 and 179: ` On August 22, 1791, Haitian slave
Page 180 and 181: ` W H O OPI E, W H O OPIN G phemis
Page 182 and 183: ` Songs: - Blind Boy Fuller (Fulto
Page 184 and 185: ` Zombie horror imagery figured pro
Page 186 and 187: ` 39 The Life and Selected Writings
Page 188 and 189: ` 131 132 Chernoff, p. 143. 133 A
Page 190 and 191: ` 225 -jungle.html. 226 The Dictio
Page 192 and 193: ` 315 Louisiana Folklore Miscellan
Page 194: ` Selected Bibliography Charters, S
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Language of the Blues - Edmonton Blues Society

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