UNIT – I Lesson 1 HRM – AN OVERVIEW Lesson Outline Nature of ...

g. To differentiate forms of internal mobility of employees like Promotion,
Demotion, Job Rotation and Transfer
h. To understand the concept of Empowerment
i. To appreciate the need for effective delegation
j. To analyze retirement, Lay-off, Retrenchment, Resignation as processes of
separation
3.3 INTRODUCTION TO PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT
Personnel Development could be described as the sum total of the results of the positive
changes taking place in the knowledge, skills, attitudes, relationships and physical well
being of the employees of an organization. It involves a process of helping employees of
an organization in the acquisition of new qualities and refinement of existing
characteristics that might be required in their present functions or towards performing
roles expected in the future. Employee development is expected to bring out a sound
concept or vision in the employee, appropriate competence levels to translate the vision
into reality, adequate intensity of keenness as reflected in their commitment levels, a
helpful human network of connections to garner support from, and a culture of
performance. Indicators of personnel development would be reduced errors at work,
improved morale and discipline, and enhanced creativity among employees, greater
productivity, prosperity and satisfaction of all the stakeholders of a human organization.
3.4 Contours of Training and Development
Training and Development (T and D) is a planned, continuous effort by management to
improve employees’ competency levels and organizational performance. Training has a
short-term focus as it is designed to provide the learners who are especially in the
managerial cadre with specific concepts, knowledge, skills and techniques needed for their
present jobs. Job related training is offered at various points in an employee’s tenure with
a company, on technical or mechanical facet of work. Development on the contrary, refers
to the attainment of a generic long-term learning that transcends the present job and
applies to a wider life and social situation. Development refers to learning that is not tied
to a particular role and which implies growth and a better situation. It is often associated
with training outcomes, but it can emerge from any event or experience from which new
knowledge is created and then used to improve situations.