UNIT – I Lesson 1 HRM – AN OVERVIEW Lesson Outline Nature of ...

9. Downsizing: An organization’s strategy to reduce the present size of its workforce
strength in order to improve its overall financial performance and ensure its
survival.
10. Empowerment: Providing employees with the skills and authority to made
decisions that would be taken by higher-level functionaries in order to equip them
to perform well and attain greater dignity.
11. Glass Ceiling Syndrome: The view that even though women and the marginalized
groups can get hired into organizations, they have difficulties in getting promoted,
particularly to senior levels; it is as if there is an invisible barrier above. They can
see opportunities above, but they cannot reach them.
12. Retirement: An exit from an organizational position or career path of
considerable duration taken by individuals or specified by organization beyond
their middle ages and taken with the intention of reduced physical and
psychological commitment to work thereafter.
13. Smart-sizing: An alternative to down sizing is the practice of focusing and
growing through an organization’s core competencies and cutting down on
unwanted, less relevant activities with an aim of growth rather than shrinkage of
the workforce of the organization.
14. Training: Any attempt to improve employee performance on a currently held job
or one related to it. This usually means changes in specific knowledge, skills,
attitudes and behavior.
15. Job Posting: A procedure for communicating to employees that a job opening
exists and that applications from within the organization would be entertained for
consideration.
16. Job Scope: The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with
which the job cycle is repeated.
17. Vocational Interest Tests (VIT): A direct method of determining the occupation
in which a person has the greatest interest and from which the person is most likely
to contribute maximum, achieve farthest growth and receive highest satisfaction.
REFERENCES:
1. G Mejia, D.B. Balkin and R.L. Cardy, Managing Human Resources, Pearson
Education, New Delhi, 2003.