UNIT – I Lesson 1 HRM – AN OVERVIEW Lesson Outline Nature of ...

• The Increased Use Of Technology In Industry Has Necessitated The Growing Co-
Operation Of Workers Because Of The Complex Operations Of Production.
To Summarize, Participation Improves The Progress And Prosperity Of The
Enterprise As Workers Put In Their Best Efforts. Psychologically, It Helps In Fulfilling
The Non-Monetary Needs Of The Employees And, Sociologically, It Reduces The
Number Of Industrial Disputes And Creates A Positive Atmosphere And Interest In The
Work Being Performed.
TYPES OF WORKERS PARTICIPATION
Workers participation in management may take many forms, e.g.
1) Formal participation, which can be –
• Ascending participation
• Descending participation
2) Informal participation
I Formal participation
It consists of some plan for labour-management co-operation, i.e., to some degree,
recognized as a modus opernadi between management and workers, frequently through a
union.
1) Workers and management may work together on such plans as
• Accident prevention
• Elimination of waste and defective work
• Attendance & Absenteeism
• Employee insurance plans, etc.
2) In ascending type of participation, the elected representatives of workers participate
in managerial decisions at higher levels such as in the board of directors of the
enterprise.
3) In descending type of participation, workers participate in the planning and deciding
their own work on the shop floor.
4) Collectively, workers can participate in –