Kurdistan and The Kurds A Divided Homeland and a Nation without ...

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Statement From The Amnesty International about the Kurdish Children Demonstration PUBLIC AI Index: MDE 24/021/2003 26 June 2003 UA 188/03 Possible prisoners of conscience/fear of torture or ill-treatment/incommunicado detention SYRIA Mohammed Mustafa (m) Khaled Ahmed 'Ali (m) Sherif Ramadhan (m) 'Amr Mourad (m) Salar Saleh (m) Hosam Muhammed Amin (m) Hussayn Ramadhan (m) The seven men named above were detained on 25 June by Syrian security forces. They are reportedly being held incommunicado and without charge at Mezze Police Station in Damascus and are at risk of torture or illtreatment in detention. They may be prisoners of conscience, detained solely for exercising their right to freedom of expression. The men, all Syrian Kurds, were detained during a peaceful protest outside the Damascus headquarters of UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, to mark World Children's Day. Between two hundred and three - 272 -
hundred demonstrators, including a number of children, were calling for civil and political rights for the Syrian Kurdish population, including the right of Syrian Kurdish children to be taught in the Kurdish language. The demonstration was dispersed violently by police and security forces, and about twenty people were injured, including two who needed hospital treatment. Eight protesters were arrested but one, reportedly a journalist for an American media channel, was released shortly afterwards. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Torture and ill-treatment is routinely inflicted on Syrian Kurdish political detainees while they are held incommunicado in Syrian prisons and detention centres. The Syrian authorities impose heavy restrictions on the production and circulation of Kurdish literature, including books and music. In the past, the Syrian authorities have arrested and detained Syrian Kurds without charge for their involvement in the organization of Kurdish cultural activities. On 15 December 2002, prisoners of conscience Hassan Saleh and Marwan ‘Uthman, leading members of the Syrian Kurdish Yeketi Party, were detained in Damascus after being invited to a meeting by the Minister of the Interior, Major General ‘Ali Hammud (see UA 366/02, MDE 24/012/2002, 18 December 2002, and follow-ups). Their detention came five days after a peaceful demonstration in front of the National Assembly in Damascus, similarly demanding greater protection for - 273 -
Page 1 and 2:
Dr. Jawad Mella Kurdistan and The K
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This book is dedicated to: The soul
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Acknowledgement I thank everyone wh
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Contents Foreword by Dr. Jemal Nebe
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Foreword regarding this book and it
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Introduction Although I have writte
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that the Turkish generals and Iraq
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of a massive audience from the repr
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Necessary Words The Kurdish Questio
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Part One Kurdistan and Kurdish Soci
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Chapter I Kurdistan; Geography and
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For example, crude oil is extracted
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• Kurds in the Northern Kurdistan
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Chapter II Social and economic life
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the book of Major Soane “To Mesop
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materials from Kurdistan and sell t
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Chapter III Spiritual Life, Religio
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y fear of their own personal gains
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demanded his hand over. Sheikh Abde
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the Soviet Union, they took part in
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Chapter IV The Kurdish Language and
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Union use the Cyrillic alphabet and
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through different stages of the str
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oriented content and that it should
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In short, literature should guide a
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Part Two The Kurds in History Chapt
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Chapter I Kurdish Governments from
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conquered Babylon and established a
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conquering the Assyrian Empire and
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Kurdistan as a result, such as Mith
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Chapter II The Kurdish Governments
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established in the north of Azerbai
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Hassankifa and brother in law of Sh
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war situations. 2- Batlis governmen
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greet the Shah. On arrival the Shah
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Kurdistan fell under the Turkish oc
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Chapter III The Kurdish Revolutions
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always a sign and real and only exp
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Prince Baderkhan the Great. It is v
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All these were among the factors th
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Part Three The Kurdish Governments
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Chapter I The Kurdish Revolutions a
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authorities under the name Komeley
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a result, the Iranian security forc
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Chapter II The Revolutions and the
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and the newspaper mentioned in its
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1927. This document is living proof
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alternative treaty of Lausanne of 1
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most of the Kurdish intellectuals a
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Lazarev, "Kurdistan", page 301). Th
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(“Association of Spreading Kurdis
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them and eliminate them one after t
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enowned for their racism and unjust
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Turks in a barbaric manner using al
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strike when their leaders (16 membe
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Kurdistan friends and the entire wo
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said earlier: any Kurdish movement
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Chapter III Western Kurdistan Linke
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the President of the Republic and i
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Mass murder of the Kurdish children
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Ghumar areas to replace the Kurds a
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areas by changing the Kurdish names
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In 1980 the Syrian Intelligence arr
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Chapter IV Revolutions and Kurdish
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Mahmoud was his plea to Lenin, the
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Revolution that lasted for 14 years
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and after one month from the start
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and isolating it locally and intern
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355, in regard to the policies of t
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Kurdistan with a logic neglecting t
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In addition to that the Iraqi autho
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Kurdish cause took the first pages
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circumstances of the Kurdish leader
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Part Four The Kurdish Cause Ideolog
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Chapter I The Suggested Solutions F
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those - who exaggerate, according t
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It is the most practical, clear and
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the control of the central governme
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is regarded as a strike against the
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whether angels are male or female,
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However, our position in that regar
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Chapter II Missions Of Kurdish Libe
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their struggle actions just as reac
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the leader of any of those revoluti
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Chapter III Kurdistan And The Inter
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stating: “We have moved from a cl
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arena, as no one has any interest i
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their respective governments allege
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Kurdish-Kurdish fighting. While eve
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Chapter IV Kurdayeti, The Slogan Of
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the march of the faithful, and cann
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I wanted to open the doors to sweat
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Chapter V The Demand For A Kurdish
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equivalent to our demission. By est
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Why a Kurdish state? 1. Any one who
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and these other Kurds should take t
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Chapter VI Kurdistan National Congr
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social, cultural, scientific and po
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out communications inside Kurdistan
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CONCLUSION I stated in this book ma
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wood and its riches. However, the b
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Appendix 1) This delay in holding t
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place because Mr. Kendal Nazan was
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They also cut their intense contact
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demonstrators killed the Kurdish le
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Kurds and yet, they call the war: t
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still infant just after the Turks h
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personality and was the representat
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activities because of what was happ
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Kurdish state would have been a cer
Page 221 and 222: century divided between Russia, Pru
Page 223 and 224: and Marxists will gain the rights f
Page 225 and 226: of Apo because he claimed that Mell
Page 227 and 228: DOCUMENTS, PICTURES AND MAPS TREATY
Page 229 and 230: This is a complete copy of the most
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Page 233 and 234: THE NATIONAL PACT OF KURDISTAN We t
Page 235 and 236: of the Kurdish nation, including th
Page 237 and 238: put it under international protecti
Page 239 and 240: and opening embassies of the Wester
Page 241 and 242: the simplest of human rights. Now t
Page 243 and 244: 7. Continuous arrest of Kurdish pat
Page 245 and 246: Article One AIMS OF THE WESTERN KUR
Page 247 and 248: Kurdish nation, with all the neighb
Page 249 and 250: that the citizens, organizations an
Page 251 and 252: Article Five Budget The budget of t
Page 253 and 254: and in the Kurdish and internationa
Page 255 and 256: countries that regard themselves as
Page 257 and 258: Yours sincerely Dr. Jawad Mella Pre
Page 259 and 260: Dr. Jawad Mella Letter on EU Turkis
Page 261 and 262: to do that only when there will be
Page 263 and 264: Many important letters recieved fro
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Page 267 and 268: - 267 -
Page 269 and 270: Memorandum by Kurdish Children in S
Page 271: BEIRUT, June 25 (Reuters) - Syria d
Page 275 and 276: Statement From The Amnesty Internat
Page 277 and 278: KURDISH DEMONSTRATION IN LONDON On
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Page 281 and 282: Three milion Kurds lost their lives
Page 283 and 284: Sheikh Latif Mariwani, KNC represen
Page 285 and 286: destroying statsues of Hafiz Assad
Page 287 and 288: Demonstration of the Western Kurdis
Page 289 and 290: Mr. Ibrahim Mella (father of the au
Page 291 and 292: Mr. Nizar Mohamed, KNC representati
Page 293 and 294: President of Libya His Excellency C
Page 295 and 296: President of Kurdistan Republic in
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