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Kurdistan and The Kurds A Divided Homeland and a Nation without ...

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Kings Lulu <strong>and</strong> Kouti 2800 BC., the Lulu <strong>Nation</strong> had<br />

settled in the present day area of Suleimaneya with part<br />

of them living in Syria. This has been confirmed in a<br />

study by Dr. Speitzer. And according to Assyrian<br />

documents the l<strong>and</strong>s of the Lulu were characterised by<br />

an advanced degree of architecture <strong>and</strong> civilisation.<br />

2. KOUTI: One of the better known peoples of the<br />

Zagros mountains. <strong>The</strong>y have taken over the l<strong>and</strong>s of the<br />

Sumerians <strong>and</strong> Accadians in 2649 BC. <strong>The</strong>ir reign lasted<br />

125 years. (Cambridge Encyclopaedia of Ancient History<br />

vol.1, p.432). In the 26th century 2524 BC the King of<br />

Ur conquered the Kouti government in Acad which<br />

resulted in the Kouti tribes returning to the mountains<br />

<strong>and</strong> taking refuge there. <strong>The</strong> Assyrian King Shelmanaser<br />

the First 1261-1280 BC., says in reference to his wars<br />

against the Kouti people: “<strong>The</strong> Kouti people who in the<br />

sky of this era shone like brilliant stars was not only<br />

qualified by force <strong>and</strong> majesty alone, but it was known<br />

for its valour <strong>and</strong> determination; for its strength <strong>and</strong><br />

perseverance. This nation has resisted my will with all<br />

its might <strong>and</strong> anguish <strong>and</strong> has onlastingly opposed me”.<br />

This anecdote shows us what this nation had achieved in<br />

terms of power. We are able to imagine its nature <strong>and</strong> its<br />

great qualities. This is the fact that we are faced with<br />

today when looking at the excellent valour <strong>and</strong> rare<br />

determination <strong>and</strong> will.<br />

3. KASSI : Another of the Zagros mountain peoples<br />

who have at first settled in the KERMANSHA area. <strong>The</strong><br />

exact time of their arrival in this region is not known.<br />

Around the middle of the 8th Century BC, the Kassians<br />

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