Kurdistan and The Kurds A Divided Homeland and a Nation without ...

established in the north of Azerbaijan and south western
part of the Caucasus. This was the Shadadiya government
which lasted until 1164 AD.
In 959 AD, the second Kurdish government was
established. This was the Brzikani – Hasnawiah
government on the land of Kurdistan between Hamadan
and Shahrazour, and lasted until 1015 AD.
In 980 AD the Abbasid Caliph U’dhud Al-Dawlah
sent an army against risen Kurds in Hakari surrounding
them and put pressure on them. However, he failed to
conquer them, so, he resorted to trickery by giving them
immunity and guarantees of security. But after their
submission and surrender according to the terms of
agreement, he betrayed them and annihilated all of them
(Al-Kamel Vol. 8, Page 257).
In the same year 980 AD, the chief of the Hamidiah
Kurdish tribe, Baz Abu Shuja’ established his government
in Middle Kurdistan that lasted for a hundred and ten
years.
In 990 AD, the Kurdish government, known by the
name Bani Anaz or Bani Ayar, was established and
according to Ibn Al-Atheer and Sharafnamah its rule lasted
for seventy years.
Between the years 1029 – 1035 AD there was a Kurdish
government called Ruwadieh that made Tabriz its capital.
There was also the Kurdish government of Shwankara
from 1035 to 1355 AD in the Fars region.
During the same period the first Kurdish Ayobi state
was established and this family completely ruled Egypt
from 1173 AD. Then its rule spread to Egypt, Syria,
Kurdistan, Armenia, Yemen, Tripoli and Barqa. Its golden
age was at the time of Saladin and after his death it
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