Kurdistan and The Kurds A Divided Homeland and a Nation without ...

disintegrated. The longest lasting part under the Ayobis
was the Hassankifa state that lasted until the occupation
of Kurdistan by the Ottomans. Even now the Turkish
state, with help of the Europeans, is building a dam on
the Tigris River in order to sink Hassankifa and other
Kurdish historical sites so that they disappear.
After the fall of the Zangis government there was
another Kurdish government in Botan – Jazeert Ibn Omar,
called Azizan or Aziziah. Its rule also lasted until the
Ottoman occupation of Kurdistan. It was this same ruling
family that produced Baderkhan Pasha the chief of
Baderkhan family and leader of the Kurdish revolution
in the first half of the nineteenth century.
In 1185 AD, during the rule of Caliph Al-Nasser Lidin
Allah, there was a rift between the Kurds and the Turks
that led to a nationalist revolution all over the regions of
Syria, Kurdistan and Azerbaijan lasting for two years.
Although a peace agreement was signed, it did not last
and the fighting started again and resulted in the
displacement of the Kurds from parts of Syria, Kilikia
and Adana. This was confirmed by Ibn Al-Atheer (Vol.
11, page 334) that these uprisings were widespread and
reached Mosul and Jazeera as well.
The era of the Iranian Safawids was characterised by
oppression and aggression against the Kurdish people,
especially at the time of Shah Ismail Safawid who
exceeded all in his oppression and despotism. Once he
approached the town of Khui in Eastern Kurdistan, so
eleven Kurdish princes came to meet him and express
their submission and peace, but, contrary to what they
were hoping, he arrested them all and put them in prison,
then appointed Persian Safawid rulers in their places.
Among those princes there was King Khalil, the ruler of
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