Financial systems and development

Box A.2. Selected indicators for nonreporting nonmember economies
Democratic
People's German
Republic of Democratic
USSR Korea Republic Czechoslovakia Cuba
1965 1987 1965 1987 1965 1987 1965 1987 1965 1987
Population (millions) 232 283 12 21 17 17 14 16 8 10
Urban population (percentage of total) 52 67 45 66 73 77 51 67 58 73
Life expectancy at birth (years) 69 69 57 69 70 73 69 71 67 75
Crude birth rate (per thousand) 18 19 39 29 17 14 16 14 34 17
Crude death rate (per thousand) 7 10 12 5 14 13 10 12 8 6
Population per physician 480 .. .. 420 870 440 540 280 1,150 530
Total fertility rate 2.5 2.4 5.6 3.6 2.5 1.8 2.4 2 4.4 1.9
Infant mortality per 1,000 live births 28 25 64 33 25 9 26 13 38 13
Low birth weight (percent) . 6 .. .. .. 6 .. 6 .. 8
Daily calorie supply, per capita 3,205 3,399 2,329 3,232 3,204 3,814 3,383 3,448 2,374 3,124
Food production index (1979-81 = 100) 85 112 72 110 73 114 73 119 82 108
Education, primary (female) 103 .. .. . 111 103 97 98 119 101
Education, primary (total) 103 106 .. .. 109 103 99 97 121 105
Area (thousands of square kilometers) . . 22,402 . . 121 108 . 128 111
Population projected to year 2000
(millions) 307 28 .. 17 .. 16 12
Note: For data comparability and coverage, see the technical notes. Figures in italics are for years other than those specified.
ever, it is used as an indicator of inflation because it tional series. Because of the sometimes limited cais
the most broadly based deflator, showing annual pabilities of statistical offices, strict international
price movements for all goods and services pro- comparability cannot be achieved, especially in
duced in an economy. economic activities that are difficult to measure,
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of such as the informal sector or subsistence agriculyears
a newborn infant would live if patterns of ture.
mortality prevailing for all people at the time of its GDP measures the total for final use of output of
birth were to stay the same throughout its life. goods and services produced by an economy, by
Data are from the U.N. Population Division, sup- residents and nonresidents, regardless of the alloplemented
by World Bank estimates. cation to domestic and foreign claims. It is calcu-
The summary measures for GNP per capita and life lated without making deductions for depreciation.
expectancy in this table are weighted by popula- While SNA envisages estimates of GDP by industion.
Those for average annual rates of inflation are trial origin to be at producer prices, many counweighted
by the 1980 share of country GDP valued tries still report such details at factor cost, which
in current U.S. dollars. differs from producer prices because of the treatment
of certain commodity taxes at the sector
Tables 2 and 3. Growth and structure of level. Overall, GDP at producer prices is equal to
production GDP at purchaser values, less import duties. For
individual sectors, say agriculture, values at pro-
Most of the definitions used are those of the U.N. ducer prices differ from purchaser values because
System of National Accounts (SNA), series F, no. 2, of indirect taxes minus subsidies and, at least in
revision 3. Estimates are obtained from national theory, because purchaser prices include retail and
sources, sometimes reaching the World Bank wholesale service and transport costs. Internathrough
other international agencies but more of- tional comparability of the estimates is affected by
ten collected by World Bank staff during missions. the use of differing country practices in valuation
World Bank staff review the quality of national systems for reporting value added by production
accounts data and in some instances, through mis- sectors. As a partial solution, GDP estimates are
sion work or technical assistance, help adjust na- shown at purchaser values if the components are
232