Physiology and Molecular Biology of Stress ... - KHAM PHA MOI

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Metabolic Engineering for Stress Tolerance 299 esis-related protein ELI3. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 7148-7152. Winicov, I. and Bastola, D.R. (1999). Transgenic overexpression of the transcription factor Alfin1 enhances expression of the endogenous MsPRP2 gene in alfalfa and improves salinity tolerance of the plants. Plant Physiol. 120, 473-480. Winicov, I. and Bastola, D.R. (1997). Salt tolerance in crop plants: new approaches through tissue culture and gene regulation. Acta Physiol. Plant. 19, 435-449. Wood, A.J., Duff, R.J. and Oliver, M.J. (1999). Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from desiccated Tortula ruralis identify a large number of novel plant genes. Plant Cell Physiol. 40, 361-368. Xu, D., Duan, X., Wang, B., Hong, B., Ho, T.H.D. and Wu, R. (1996). Expression of a late embryogenesis abundant protein gene HVA1, from barley confers tolerance to water deficit and salt stress in transgenic rice. Plant Physiol. 110, 249-257. Yancey, P.H., Clark, M.E., Hand, S.C., Bowlus, R.D. and Somero, G.N. (1982). Living with water stress: evolution of osmolyte systems. Science 217, 1214-1222. Yeo, E.T., Kwon, H.B., Han S.E., Lee, J.T., Ryu, J.C. and Byu, M.O. (2000). Genetic engineering of drought resistant potato plants by introduction of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS1) gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell 30, 263-268. Yonamine, I., Yoshida, K., Kido, K., Nakagawa, A., Nakayama ,H. and Shinmyo, A. (2004). Overexpression of NtHAL3 genes confers increased levels of proline biosynthesis and the enhancement of salt tolerance in cultured tobacco cells . J. Exp. Bot. 55, 387-395. Yoshimura, K., Kazuhiro, M., Ahmed, G., Takeda, T., Kanaboshi, H., Miyasaka, H. and Shigeoka, S. (2004). Enhancement of stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing chlamydomonas glutathione peroxidase in cholorplast or cystosol. Plant J. 37, 21-33. Yu, Q. and Rengel, Z. (1999). Micronutrient defciency infuences plant growth and activities of superoxide dismutases in narrow-leafed lupins. Ann. Bot. 183, 175-182. Yu, Q., Osborne, L.D. and Rengel, Z. (1998). Micronutrient defciency changes activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase in tobacco plants. J. Plant Nutr. 21, 1427-1437. Yu, Q. Osborne, L. D. and Rengel, Z. (1999). Increased tolerance to Mn defciency in transgenic tobacco overproducing superoxide dismutase. Ann.Bot. 84, 543-547. Zhang, H., Hodson, J.N., Williams, J.P. and Blumwald, E. (2001). Engineering salt-tolerant Brassica plants: Characterization of yield and seed oil quality in transgenic plants with increased vacuolar sodium accumulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 12832-12836. Zhang, J., Kueva, N.Y., Wang, R., Ho T-H. and Nguyen, H.T. (2000). Genetic engineering for abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. In vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-plants 36, 108-114. Zhang, J.Z., Creelman, R.A. and Zhu, J.K. (2004). From laboratory to field. Using information from Arabidopsis to engineer salt, cold and drought tolerance in crops. Plant Physiol. 135, 615-621. Zhang, H.X., and E. Blumwald. (2001). Transgenic salt-tolerant tomato plants accumulate salt in foliage but not in fruit. Nature Biotechnol. 19, 765-768. Zhifang, G. and Loescher, W.H. (2003). Expression of a celery mannose 6-phosphate reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana enhances salt tolerance and induces biosynthesis of both mannitol and a glucosyl-mannitol dimmer. Plant, Cell Environ. 26, 275–283. Zhu, J. K. (2001). Cell signaling under salt, water and cold stress. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4, 401-406. Zhu, Y., Pilon-Smits, E.A.H., Jouanin, L. and Terry, N. (1999a). Overexpression of glutathione synthetase in Brassica juncea enhances cadmium tolerance and accumulation. Plant Physiol. 119,73–79. Zhu, Y., Pilon-Smits, E.A.H., Tarun, A., Weber, S.U., Jouanin, L. and Terry, N. (1999b). Cadmium tolerance and accumulation in Indian mustard is enhanced by overexpressing γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Plant Physiol. 121, 1169–1177. Zhu, B., Su, J., Chang, M., Verma, D.P.S., Fan, Y.-L, and Wu, R. (1998). Overexpression of a delta 1- pyrroline-5- carboxylate synthetase gene and analysis of tolerance to water- and salt-stress in transgenic rice. Plant Sci. 139, 41-48.
301 CHAPTER 10 FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS OF STRESS TOLERANCE AKHILESH K. TYAGI, SHUBHA VIJ AND NAVINDER SAINI Department of Plant Molecular Biology University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi-110021, India (e-mail: akhilesh@genomeindia.org) Keywords : Expression genomics, genome sequencing, microarray technology, mutant analysis, proteomics, transgenics 1. INTRODUCTION A gene by gene approach has been normally used to understand function. Functional genomics allows large-scale gene function analysis with high throughput technology and incorporates interaction of gene products at cellular and organism level. The information coming from sequencing programs is providing enormous input about genes to be analyzed. The availability of Arabidopsis and rice genome sequence (The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative, 2000; Goff et al., 2002; Yu et al., 2002; Rice Genome Program, http:// rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp/) has paved the way for studying the function of genes on a genome-wide scale. The non-availability of information about genomes from other plants will also be compensated in part by the availability of large collection of ESTs and cDNA sequences. The basic interest behind these EST projects is to identify genes responsible for critical functions. In many cases bioinformatics tools will come in handy. The gene function is defined by studying the transcripts, proteins and metabolites and also by altering the activity of a gene per se, e.g. by large-scale mutagenesis. These different ingredients of functional genomics have developed in their own right and termed as transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics (Chory et al., 2000; Holtorf et al., 2002). ESTs, cDNA libraries, microarray and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) are used to analyze global gene expression profiles in a functional genomics program. Complementing large-scale expression studies are large mutant collections. Though gene identification through physical and chemical mutagens has become amenable for large scale analysis with the availability of markers (Lukowitz et al., 2000), but gene tagging is more promising for functional analysis on a wider scale 301 K.V. Madhava Rao, A.S. Raghavendra and K. Janardhan Reddy (eds.), Physiology and Molecular Biology of Stress Tolerance in Plants, 301–334. © 2006 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands.
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PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF
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A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this
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About the Editors K.V. Madhava Rao
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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS K. AKASHI Grad
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List of Contributors xiii NAVINDER
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PREFACE Increasing agricultural pro
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2 K.V. Madhava Rao Abiotic stresses
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4 K.V. Madhava Rao SOME O THE PROMI
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6 K.V. Madhava Rao 2. WATER STRESS
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8 K.V. Madhava Rao 5. FREEZING STRE
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10 K.V. Madhava Rao of these pathwa
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12 K.V. Madhava Rao Bray, E.A. (199
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14 K.V. Madhava Rao Rao, K.V. Madha
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16 A. Yokota, K. Takahara and K. Ak
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41 CHAPTER 3 SALT STRESS ZORA DAJIC
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Salt Stress 43 activities (mainly i
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Salt Stress 45 In summary, mechanis
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Salt Stress 47 tolerance research i
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Salt Stress 49 need to rely on sodi
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Salt Stress 51 (Echeverria, 2000).
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Salt Stress 53 Therefore, the capac
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Salt Stress 55 Reduced plant growth
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Salt Stress 57 Table 3. Salt tolera
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Salt Stress 59 6.2. Nitrogen Fixati
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Salt Stress 61 A significant number
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Salt Stress 63 macromolecules, irre
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Salt Stress 65 8.2. Ion Homeostasis
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Salt Stress 67 1997), is speculated
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Salt Stress 69 together with the At
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Salt Stress 71 important role in si
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Salt Stress 73 Figure 5. Determinan
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Salt Stress 75 9.1.Transgenic Plant
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Salt Stress 77 tolerance from halop
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Salt Stress 79 sponse and yield (Su
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Salt Stress 81 Table 5. Possible ut
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Salt Stress 83 monitored with fluor
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Salt Stress 85 Func. Plant Biol. 29
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Salt Stress 87 Dajic, Z., Stevanovi
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Salt Stress 89 Gouia, H., Ghorbal,
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Salt Stress 91 Larcher, W. (1995).
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Salt Stress 93 Munns, R. and James,
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Salt Stress 95 Rausell, A., Kanhono
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Salt Stress 97 durum wheat crops gr
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Salt Stress 99 Yoshida, K. (2002).
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102 T.D. Sharkey and S.M. Schrader
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131 CHAPTER 5 FREEZING STRESS: SYST
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Freezing Stress 133 Whereas, in the
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Freezing Stress 135 genes at the tr
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Freezing Stress 137 with physiologi
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Freezing Stress 139 (1997). However
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Freezing Stress 141 (Barnett et al.
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Freezing Stress 143 (dehydrin) prot
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Freezing Stress 145 in cytosolic Ca
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Freezing Stress 147 Phospholiphase
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Freezing Stress 149 Accumulation of
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Freezing Stress 151 Ideker, T., Gal
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Freezing Stress 153 ellin acid on f
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Freezing Stress 155 Yoshida, S. and
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158 A.R. Reddy and A.S. Raghavendra
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188 K. Janardhan Reddy constitution
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190 K. Janardhan Reddy World nitrog
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192 K. Janardhan Reddy nitrogen def
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194 K. Janardhan Reddy endoplasmic
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196 K. Janardhan Reddy drought cond
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198 K. Janardhan Reddy Manganese-de
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200 K. Janardhan Reddy zinc deficie
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202 K. Janardhan Reddy Table 12 . E
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204 K. Janardhan Reddy Table 14. Ef
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206 K. Janardhan Reddy Table 15. Th
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208 K. Janardhan Reddy Table 17. Co
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210 K. Janardhan Reddy 18. MOLECULA
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212 K. Janardhan Reddy Bush, D.S.,
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214 K. Janardhan Reddy and Cobbett,
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216 K. Janardhan Reddy 143, 109-111
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219 CHAPTER 8 HEAVY METAL STRESS KS
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Heavy Metal Stress 221 porter) and
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Heavy Metal Stress 223 Figure 1. Su
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Heavy Metal Stress 225 is enzymatic
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Heavy Metal Stress 227 BjPCS1 was e
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Heavy Metal Stress 229 following: (
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Heavy Metal Stress 231 a precursor
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Heavy Metal Stress 233 notype. Incr
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Table 1. Proposed specificity and l
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Heavy Metal Stress 237 4.2. Chapero
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Heavy Metal Stress 239 of prokaryot
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Heavy Metal Stress 241 5. HYPERACCU
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Table 2. Genes introduced into plan
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Heavy Metal Stress 245 7. CONCLUSIO
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Heavy Metal Stress 247 controlled b
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Page 264 and 265: Metabolic Engineering for Stress To
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Page 326 and 327: Table 3. Continued... Source Resour
Page 342 and 343: 336 Index Auxins, 146 Avena sativa
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Page 348 and 349: 342 Index Processes less sensitive
Page 350 and 351: 344 Index Sunflecks, 104 Sunflower,
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