Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

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the maha season. Yala season is characterized by low rainfall, high temperatures, and strong, dry winds. In general, maize is not grown in the dry zone during the yala season. Results of an experiment carried out to study the performance of six varieties of maize grown under irrigation during yala 1976 are shown in Table 3. For the purpose of comparison, the same varieties grown under rainfed conditions during the previous maha season (1975/76) are also included in the same Table. There were differences in yield, plant height, and days to silk for all varieties during the two seasons. Mean grain yield of the varieties was reduced by 2~ and plant height by 3~ during the yala season as compared to the maha season. The varieties silked and matured earlier during the yala season. The reasons for these growth differences may be associated with high temperature during the yala season. The maize stem borer Chi 70 parte77us SWinhoe, is the most damaging single pest of maize. OCcurrence of this pest is one of the major constraints in maize production during yala. Continuous data collected by the Entomological Division of the Agric. Res. Center, Maha Illuppallama shows a minimum population of stem borer during September to November and rising to a peak during February to Apri 1·. Chemical control experiments reveal that a single application of granular carbofuran or diazinon, or two sprays of these chemicals gave satisfactory control of C. parte77us. The application of granules into the whorl of the plant appears to be more effective and residual than spray applications. At present chemicals offer the only means of control. Unfortunately, these are very expensive. If maize is considered as a crop for the yala season it may be necessary to develop varieties more tolerant or resistant to stem-borer and adverse weather conditions. Table 3. Variation in agronomic characters of six maize varieties grown in maha 1975/76 and yala 1976, at Maha Illuppallama. Days to Plant height Grain yield Varieties 5~ silking (cm) (kg/ha) Maha Yala Maha Yala Maha Yala Thai Comp. 63 58 223 138 3165 2549 Cupurico x Flint Comp. 63 61 240 143 3165 2813 Salvador 8 x V250C A6, A21, 64 62 232 149 3213 2535 PD (MS)6 Tuxpeno P.B. 64 62 212 142 3330 2296 Thai Opaque 2 Comp. 63 56 220 148 3213 2003 T 48 (check) 63 56 232 161 3008 2003 LSD (P = 0.05) 349 658 CV (~;) 8.3 17.2 Studies on water requirement and irrigation have revealed that a 115 day maize crop needs to be supplied with 615 mm of water when it grows under irrigation during the drier period of the year. Furthermore, 112 kg N/ha appears to be the best level of N for the yala season. Intercropping studies. Though it is possible to grow maize under irrigation during yala season, it may not be competitive in terms of returns with other crops such as chilli and other vegetables that compete for the same resources. Table 4 provides a summary of selected yala season crops with their net returns. At today's prices, maize is at about the level of soybean and cowpea in terms of total costs and gross returns per hectare. 112
Intercropping is an effective means of maximizing land use by small farmers who have limited land to increase their income. Thus, considering the feasibility of such advantages gained by a maize + legume intercropping system, the intercropping methods presented here have been formulated on the basis of research trials conducted at regional research stations and observation of farmers practices. Maize + SOybean/SOybean + Maize. a. Season Maha Yala Rainfed Irrigated b. Spacing For Maize + SOybean Maize 120 cm x 40 cm, 1 plant/hill SOybean 40 em x 5 cm, 1 plant/hill 2 rows of soybean between maize rows. For Soybean + Maize SOybean 40 cm x 5 cm, 1 plant/hill Maize 120 cm x 100 em, 2 plants/hill c. Time of planting Maha i. Maize : At the set of maha rains. i i . Soybean : Mi d OCtober to mi d November. Yala April, both crops at the same time. a. Season Maha Yala Rainfed Irrigated b. Spacing Maize Cowpea 120 cm x 40 cm, 1 plant/hill 40 cm x 10 em, 1 plant/hill 2 rows of soybean between maize rows. c. Time of planting Maha i. Maize : At the onset of maha rains. ii. Cowpea: End of OCtober to ~id November Yala : April, both crops at the same time. Blackgram + Maize a. Season Maha Yala Rainfed Irrigated 113
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
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Page Foreword List of participants
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For several years, the Asian countr
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LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
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Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
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I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
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Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
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MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
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Table 3. Land suitability for maize
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Depending on how this wheat is rele
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Individual field sizes in the GKF a
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Table 12. Demonstration block resul
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alance of composite, synthetics and
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Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
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~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
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3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
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3. Farmers could not afford to purc
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Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
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100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
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+ The planting area of inbred line
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ty levels. Selection interia should
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Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
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~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
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inbred 1ines possessing good genera
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Table 3. Details of medium and earl
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increasing the yield levels of the
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Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
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EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
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A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
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Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
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Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
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ut they have been selecting ears fr
Page 68 and 69: MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
Page 70 and 71: to rice in order to reach self-suff
Page 72 and 73: 0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
Page 74 and 75: . According to the findings of the
Page 76 and 77: IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
Page 78 and 79: tion with estate or mini-estate typ
Page 80 and 81: Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
Page 82 and 83: techniques. References Anonymous. 1
Page 84 and 85: Table 1. Total area under maize and
Page 86 and 87: Year Township Area planted Total pr
Page 88 and 89: cover, short plant stature, and sat
Page 90 and 91: Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
Page 92 and 93: 3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
Page 94 and 95: Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
Page 96 and 97: were unacceptable in some parts due
Page 98 and 99: Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
Page 100 and 101: HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
Page 102 and 103: of highly productive technologies,
Page 104 and 105: Maize varietal improvement continue
Page 106 and 107: Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
Page 108 and 109: elow to help clarify the farm level
Page 110 and 111: Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
Page 112 and 113: support. The versatile planter/fert
Page 114 and 115: Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
Page 116 and 117: T1l1t:i----------------------------
Page 120 and 121: . Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
Page 122 and 123: Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
Page 124 and 125: It took almost 10 years to develop
Page 126 and 127: g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
Page 128 and 129: 3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
Page 130 and 131: experiments showed that the fertili
Page 132 and 133: Long term evaluation of mass releas
Page 134 and 135: Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
Page 136 and 137: DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
Page 138 and 139: Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
Page 140 and 141: was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
Page 142 and 143: Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
Page 144 and 145: 4. Prevention and control of aflato
Page 146 and 147: Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
Page 148 and 149: Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
Page 150 and 151: Early rainy season plantings have a
Page 152 and 153: P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
Page 154 and 155: In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
Page 156 and 157: organizing visits as well as field
Page 158 and 159: Table 1 Area, production and yield
Page 160 and 161: plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
Page 162 and 163: VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
Page 164 and 165: 6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
Page 166 and 167: MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
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method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
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can vary by the complexity of inher
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Table 3. Response to selection for
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Table 5. Comparative responses for
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increased response for grain yield.
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Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
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Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
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Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
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Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
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Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
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will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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help of maize breeders from the nat
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Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
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c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
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Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
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HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
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Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
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when grown under farmers' condition
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seed often varies substantially bec
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kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
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J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
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participation; where foreign compan
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Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
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To recover value, seed companies ca
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In recent years, many new companies
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nology and its reliance on patents,
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Table 6. Intellectual property righ
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for crop improvement programs. It i
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capabi 1ities Despite these constra
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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
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CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
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RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
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ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
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PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
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Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
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Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
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VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
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(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
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1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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