Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendra R. Oeshpande 11 In 1963 farmers tilled and toiled. The land was dry and dusty, bare and barren, the farming techniques were ancient and seeds indifferent. It was at that time that Mr. B. R. Barwale transformed their world after successfully launching the hybrid maize seeds with the assistance of Dr. W. H. Freeman, an expert in this area. It was on November 24, 1964, that Maharashtra Hybrid Seed Co. (MAHYCO) was established in India as the first private organiz~tion in the field of commercial seed production. The Green Revolution in India has indeed been ushered in by the seed improvement program. Introduction of high yielding varieties and hybrids has achieved a successful breakthrough. The hybrid seed miracle has demonstrated the possibilities of exploiting plant vigor to increase yield. For the last three decades, development of products suitable for Indian markets and Indian agricultural conditions has been made possible by the research and demonstrations carried out by Mahyco, the torch bearer of the Indian Seed Industry. Mahyco, a breeding research company, was established in symbiosis with the Green Revolution and it has developed a special niche in the seed industry by strengthening its commitment to science and technology. Mahyco's first research center was set up in 1966. At present six genetic research centers staffed with professional scientists have pioneered many remarkable innovations in producing advanced hybrid seeds in 35 different crops. Shortly we will be adding products in wheat, sesame, castor bean, and most important, in paddy. Mahyco has given the Indian farmer his first ever hybrid cotton seed based on a well-known technique that utilized both genetic and cytoplasmic male sterilities. This has proved to be economical and practical. India was the first country in the world to produce cotton hybrids exploiting both genetic and cytoplasmic male sterile systems. Mahyco's research activity has in fact been encouraged by the Government of India, scientific institutions, and commercial firms. In the past two years, Mahyco has been honored with many prestigious awards, of which the most prominent are: A National Award in recognition of Mahyco's contribution on R&D efforts to India's agricultural sector. Award of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) in recognition of Mahyco's corporate initiative in research involving science and technology. An international Seeds and Sciences Technology Award in appreciation of Mahyco's effort to promote agriCUltural progress. During the Silver Jubilee celebration of the Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding, a special award was delivered by the Society to Mr. B. R. Barwale for his valuable contribution through Mahyco's research in the field of Plant Breeding. Mahyco conducts research on 35 field crops and has released 127 hybrids in different craps cultivated throughout India. Mahyco offers the following range of high yielding maize hybrids to the farming community of India: a. Very early maize hybrids which mature in 80-85 days in kharif season. These are MEH 114 and MEH-115 which yield 5-6 t/ha. b. In intermediate maturity group with 100 days to maturity, we have developed high yielding, disease tolerant hybrids with yield potential of up to 6-7 t/ha. These are MMH-65 , MMH-66 and MWM-107. ~ Maize breeder. Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Co., Ltd. 19 Rajamahal, 84 Veer Nariman Road, Bombay 40020, India. 248
c. In full season maturity group, with 120 days to maturity, we have developed to hybrids with a yield potential of 7.5 t/ha. These are MMH-25 and MMH-69. Every year we distribute our hybrid maize seed to be planted in 40,000 ha, out of which 1,500 ha were planted with sweet corn hybrid seeds. We are marketing a total of 30-35 t of such sweet corn hybrids. Additionally, Mahyco has a good hybrid popcorn for Indian farmers. We are screening approximately 900 new hybrids per year to select the ones with highest yields and multiple disease resistance. SCreening for disease resistance is done at hot spots wherever they are located in India. - Mahyco has approximately 750 high quality, devoted staff. They feel "a belongingness to the organization" that has helped the organization to reach the status it occupies now. Mahyco today is the largest seed company of Indian origin with a strong marketing organization assisting farmers throughout India. A total of 13 marketing centers in various states coordinate sales/distribution of seeds over 5000 dealers who provide technical after sales service. on behalf of Mahyco I am thankful to CIMMYT scientists for their help in continuous supply of maize populations, inbreds, and technical guidance. I am also thankful to IARI scientists, particularly Dr. N.N. Singh, for his support in the evaluation of commercial hybrids through the n4tional program and his own support to institutions in the private sector. Finally I am also thankful to Dr. carlos De Leon for giving me the opportunity to talk about Mahyco in this Fifth Asian Regional Maize WOrkshop. 249
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
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Page Foreword List of participants
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For several years, the Asian countr
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LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
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Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
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I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
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Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
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MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
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Table 3. Land suitability for maize
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Depending on how this wheat is rele
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Individual field sizes in the GKF a
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Table 12. Demonstration block resul
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alance of composite, synthetics and
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Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
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~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
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3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
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3. Farmers could not afford to purc
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Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
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100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
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+ The planting area of inbred line
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ty levels. Selection interia should
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Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
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~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
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inbred 1ines possessing good genera
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Table 3. Details of medium and earl
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increasing the yield levels of the
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Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
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EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
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A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
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Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
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Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
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ut they have been selecting ears fr
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MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
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to rice in order to reach self-suff
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0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
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. According to the findings of the
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IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
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tion with estate or mini-estate typ
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Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
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techniques. References Anonymous. 1
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Table 1. Total area under maize and
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Year Township Area planted Total pr
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cover, short plant stature, and sat
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Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
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3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
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Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
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were unacceptable in some parts due
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Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
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HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
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of highly productive technologies,
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Maize varietal improvement continue
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Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
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elow to help clarify the farm level
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Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
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support. The versatile planter/fert
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Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
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T1l1t:i----------------------------
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the maha season. Yala season is cha
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. Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
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Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
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It took almost 10 years to develop
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g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
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3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
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experiments showed that the fertili
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Long term evaluation of mass releas
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Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
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DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
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Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
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was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
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Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
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4. Prevention and control of aflato
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Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
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Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
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Early rainy season plantings have a
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P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
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In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
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organizing visits as well as field
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Table 1 Area, production and yield
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plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
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VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
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6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
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MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
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method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
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can vary by the complexity of inher
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Table 3. Response to selection for
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Table 5. Comparative responses for
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increased response for grain yield.
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Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
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Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
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Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
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Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
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Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
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will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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help of maize breeders from the nat
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Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
Page 204 and 205: c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
Page 206 and 207: Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
Page 208 and 209: HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
Page 210 and 211: Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
Page 212 and 213: At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
Page 214 and 215: when grown under farmers' condition
Page 216 and 217: seed often varies substantially bec
Page 218 and 219: kilograms of maize grain that must
Page 220 and 221: Table 8. COst of producing, process
Page 222 and 223: case in which the hybrid replaces a
Page 224 and 225: J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
Page 226 and 227: egions which do not allow a suffici
Page 228 and 229: participation; where foreign compan
Page 230 and 231: Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
Page 232 and 233: To recover value, seed companies ca
Page 234 and 235: In recent years, many new companies
Page 236 and 237: nology and its reliance on patents,
Page 238 and 239: Table 6. Intellectual property righ
Page 240 and 241: for crop improvement programs. It i
Page 242 and 243: capabi 1ities Despite these constra
Page 244 and 245: TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
Page 246 and 247: * Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
Page 248 and 249: CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
Page 250 and 251: RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
Page 252 and 253: ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
Page 256 and 257: PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
Page 258 and 259: Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
Page 260 and 261: Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
Page 262 and 263: VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
Page 264 and 265: (Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
Page 266: 1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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