Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

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For several years, the Asian countries have had the highest rate of increase (3.6%) in maize production in the world. This has been due to the increasing demand of the grain for food, feed, and industrial purposes. undoubtab1y, the largest volume has been directed to be used as animal feed. One of the basic CIMMYT philosophies is to assist national programs in increasing their maize productivity. We believe that this broad objective can be achieved through the availability of improved maize germplasm, training of scientists, and technical consu1tancies. As part of the technical upgrading of scientists in the region, we believe that one important way to assist researchers in keeping pace with new scientific developments in our area of research, is through scientific meetings where we all can learn about the activities and experiences of colleagues in other programs. On this occasion, the CIMMYT Asian Regional Maize Program (ARMP) and the National Maize Program of the Soc. Rep. of Vietnam co-sponsored this 5th Asian Regional Maize WOrkshop, held in Vietnam November 15-20, 1993. Being aware of the several success stories cited on hybrid maize in several countries, both in the developed and developing world, it was suggested that the theme of this 5th WOrkshop be on Hybrid Maize in Asian Countries. It will be through learning of the experiences of other countries in the region already involved in hybrid development that we can benefit from their positive experiences and avoid repeating those that represented setbacks in the adaptation of hybrid technology. Technical sessions were held in both Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. There were presentations by representatives from various national maize programs from countries in the Asian region. We also had the participation of the FAD/RAPA Regional Plant Production and Protection Officer Representative who described the regional activities of that organization. Colleagues from private seed companies operating in the region also presented their activities on research and development of new germplasm. It is through this open relationship that we can all benefit from each other by increasing knowledge and experiences, improving our research which in turn will benefit the farmers in the region. As in previous Asian Regional Maize Workshops, two Demonstration Nurseries were planted at two different environments, one at the Maize Res. Institute, Don Phuong in the North and the other one at the Hung Loc Expt. Stat. of the Inst. of Agric. Sci. in the South of Vietnam. These nurseries were planted to give an opportunity to participating scientists from various government and private sectors to submit and observe the varieties they have developed in their programs and the varieties developed by other programs in the region. A total of 241 entries were included in these Demonstration Nurseries. We have routinely encouraged the participants to request to the respective programs any entry that might be useful in their own programs. CIMMYT also included some of its high yielding, agronomically desirable experimental varieties with wide adaptation across locations in Asian countries. Special entries in the nurseries included those selected for tolerance/resistance to drought, acid soils, low nutrients, insects, and diseases. We would like to acknowledge the very positive response of Cargill Seeds Co., Ciba Geigy (Thailand) Ltd., Charoen Seeds Co., ICI-Pacific Seeds Co., and Pioneer OVerseas Corp., in financially supporting the trip of Dr. Arnel R. Hallauer, Prof. of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Iowa State Univ., to participate in this Workshop. OUr appreciation goes also to Bioseed Genetics (Vietnam) and Maharashtra Hybrid Co. (MAHYCO) from India for sponsoring one banquet each the days of opening (Hanoi) and closing (Ho Chi Minh City) of the Workshop. CIMMYT thanks you all for your interest and invaluable partnership in our activities. To close this Foreword, our appreciation for Mrs. Chiraporn for spending so many extra hours typing these Proceedings. 1
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 5th ASIAN REGIONAL MAIZE WORKSHOP BANGLADESH BHUTAN P.R. CHINA INDIA INDONESIA Kazi Murtaza Kabir Bangaladesh Agric. Res. G.P.O. BOX 2235 Joydebur, Gazipur 1701 BANGLADESH. Namgay Wangdi c/o Mr. Pirthiman Pradhan Dept. of Agri c. Ministry of Agrie. P. O. Box 119, Thimphu B HUT A N. Inst. Peng Zebin Crop Breeding Inst. Chinese Acad.of Agric. Sci. 30 Bai Shi Qiao Road West Suburbs, Beijing PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Chen Zehui Upland Crops lnst. Guizhou Acad. of Agric. Sci. Jinzhuzhen, Guiyang 550006 Guizhou PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Chen Bingxiang Yunnan Acad. of Agric. Sci. Taoyuan Village Kunming, Yunnan PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Sethy T. Kumar Maize Entomologist Agrie. Res. Stat. Amberpet Farm, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh INDIA. N. N. Singh Coordinator Maize, AICMIP Cumming's Laboratory Indian Agric. Res. lost. New Delhi 110012 INDIA. Shivanagonda J. Patil Chief Scientific Officer Univ. Agrie. Sci. Dharwad 580005, Karnataka State INDIA. Marsum M. Dahlan Malang Res. Inst.for Food Crops Kendalpayak, P.O. Box 66 Malang, Jawa Timur INDONESIA. 2
Page 2 and 3: Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
Page 4 and 5: Page Foreword List of participants
Page 9 and 10: LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
Page 11 and 12: Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
Page 13 and 14: I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
Page 15 and 16: Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
Page 17 and 18: MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
Page 19 and 20: Table 3. Land suitability for maize
Page 21 and 22: Depending on how this wheat is rele
Page 23 and 24: Individual field sizes in the GKF a
Page 25 and 26: Table 12. Demonstration block resul
Page 27 and 28: alance of composite, synthetics and
Page 29 and 30: Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
Page 31 and 32: ~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
Page 34 and 35: 3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
Page 36 and 37: 3. Farmers could not afford to purc
Page 38 and 39: Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
Page 40 and 41: 100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
Page 42 and 43: + The planting area of inbred line
Page 44 and 45: ty levels. Selection interia should
Page 46 and 47: Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
Page 48 and 49: ~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
Page 50 and 51: inbred 1ines possessing good genera
Page 52 and 53: Table 3. Details of medium and earl
Page 54 and 55: increasing the yield levels of the
Page 56 and 57:
Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
Page 58 and 59:
EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
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A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
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Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
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Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
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ut they have been selecting ears fr
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MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
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to rice in order to reach self-suff
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0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
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. According to the findings of the
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IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
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tion with estate or mini-estate typ
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Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
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techniques. References Anonymous. 1
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Table 1. Total area under maize and
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Year Township Area planted Total pr
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cover, short plant stature, and sat
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Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
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3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
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Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
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were unacceptable in some parts due
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Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
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HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
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of highly productive technologies,
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Maize varietal improvement continue
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Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
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elow to help clarify the farm level
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Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
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support. The versatile planter/fert
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Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
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T1l1t:i----------------------------
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the maha season. Yala season is cha
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. Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
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Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
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It took almost 10 years to develop
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g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
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3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
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experiments showed that the fertili
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Long term evaluation of mass releas
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Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
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DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
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Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
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was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
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Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
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4. Prevention and control of aflato
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Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
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Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
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Early rainy season plantings have a
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P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
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In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
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organizing visits as well as field
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Table 1 Area, production and yield
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plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
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VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
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6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
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MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
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method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
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can vary by the complexity of inher
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Table 3. Response to selection for
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Table 5. Comparative responses for
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increased response for grain yield.
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Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
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Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
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Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
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Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
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Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
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will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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help of maize breeders from the nat
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Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
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c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
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Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
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HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
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Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
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when grown under farmers' condition
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seed often varies substantially bec
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kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
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J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
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participation; where foreign compan
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Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
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To recover value, seed companies ca
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In recent years, many new companies
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nology and its reliance on patents,
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Table 6. Intellectual property righ
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for crop improvement programs. It i
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capabi 1ities Despite these constra
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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
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CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
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RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
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ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
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PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
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Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
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Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
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VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
Page 264 and 265:
(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
Page 266:
1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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