Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

4. Prevention and control of aflatoxin in corn. Research on prevention and control of
aflatoxin in com by using conventional and biotechnological methods has also been carried out by
the COrn Breeding Project of KU with the cooperation of workers in many discip1 ines and financial
support fran 1988-1991 fran the National SCience and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA).
results indicate that there are possibilities for solving the problem, but that it would take 12­
15 years of research and development (Chutkaew, et a1., 1991).
Table 13. Agronanic characters of four Kasetsart Single Crosses fran 1992 COOperative Hybrid
COm Yield Trial tested at eight locations. NCSRC. 1992.
Check varieties
Character ----------------
KSX 3501 KSX 3502 KSX 3503 KSX 3504 SW 3101 SW1(S)Cll NSl
Days to 5~ silking (d) 53 52 51 52 52 53 51
Plant height (em) 188 174 169 166 175 193 183
Ear height (em) 117 98 97 97 101 105 98
Stalk lodging (X) 13.2 11.5 10.4 10.4 13.5 11.4 14.6
Foliar diseases (1-5)ll 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.1
Downy mildew (s) 3/ 0.3 0.7 3.0 5.0 3.0 0.1
Husk cover (X) 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.5 2.4 4.3 8.2
Rotten ear (X) 3 4 2 3 19 13 9
Ears/plant (X) 100 100 98 98 99 98 97
Grain moisture (s) 25.4 23.6 24.7 24.7 24.4 24.8 23.3
Shell ing (X) 80 80 79 81 79 78 80
Grain type, colorl! OYSF OYF OYSF OYSF OYSF OYF-SF OYF-SF
JI 1 = Good, 5 = Poor.
11 From S. Titatarn (1992, unpublished data).
~ OV =Orange-Yellow, F = Flint, SF = 8emiflint.
5. New Kasetsart high oil hybrids. Chutkaew et a1. (1992, 1993) and Chutkaew (1993c),
reported that the potential high oil hybrid corn KOSX 3503 tested by both public and private
sector cooperatives at nine locations during 1990-92, yielded 1,379 kg/rai with 7.~ oil, 19X
higher than the check, SUwan 3101 (1,160 kg/rai, 5.~ oil) (Table 14). The benefit of high oil
corn fed to hogs was feed savings of 6.1~ per unit of gain in body weight, reducing the protein
in feed canposition (Nordstran, et a1., 1972; Han et a1., 1987). The skins of chickens fed with
high oi 1 corn are more attractive to consumers than those of bi rds fed wi th normal corn. High
oil corn is high in nutritive value for humans because it contains up to 80.1~ unsaturated fatty
acid, higher than in many other vegetable oils. It also contains essential amino acids, 4~ of
which is linoleic acid, capable of reducing cholesterol in the human body by stimulating the
utilization of cholesterol in synthesizing hormones, including sex hormones and other important
substances in the body. Since it is so useful as food and feed, high oil corn has been studied
for about 25 years (Chutkaew et al., 1970, 1979, 1980, 1992, 1993; Manupeeraphan et aI., 1982;
Jongmee et aI., 1986, Chutkaew, 1993c).
Table 14. Mean grain yield (kg/rai) of high oil hybrid corn tested in nine experiments at
different locations and season. 1990-1992.
Check varieties
Character ----------------------------
KSX 3501 KSX 3502 KSX 3503 KSX 3504 SW 3101 SW l(SlCll NSl
Days to 5~ silking (d) 53 52 51 52 52 53 51
Plant height (em) 188 174 169 166 175 193 183
Ear height (an) 117 98 97 97 101 105 98
Stalk lodging (X) 13.2 11.5 10.4 10.4 13.5 11.4 14.6
Foliar diseases (1-5)ll 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.1
Downy mildew (X) 3/ 0.3 0.7 3.0 5.0 3.0 0.1
Husk cover (X) 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.5 2.4 4.3 8.2
Rotten ear (X) 3 4 2 3 19 13 9
Ears/plant (X) 100 100 98 98 99 98 97
Grain moisture (Xl 25.4 23.6 24.7 24.7 24.4 24.8 23.3
Shell ing (Xl 80 80 79 81 79 78 80
Grain type, colorl! OYSF OYF OYSF OYSF OYSF OYF-SF OYF-SF
iJ
1 =Good, 5 =Poor.
From S. Titatarn (1992, unpublished data).
~I OY =Orange-Yellow, F =Flint, SF =Semi flint.
The
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