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was approved by KU and OOA in 1991 (Table 6). 13. Inbreds Ki31 to Ki44 were released in 1992 (Table 7). The latest open-pollinated variety Suwan 5 (Kasetsart Synthetic 5) was released this year. All these OPVs are good sources of germplasm for inbred extraction and hybrid production. Materials and methods. Many accessions of maize germplasm have been introduced to Thailand since the beginning of the breeding program. These have been planted in breeding nurseries for selection. The superior or promising materials have been used in crossing exotic and indigenous sources for different purposes. Materials which exhibited good performance have been used to extract inbred lines for the development of the hybrid corn program. The breeding procedures used in development of varieties include mass selection, backcrossing, 81 selection, half-sib, full-sib, line improvement, top crossing using the latest cycle of SUwan 1 and Suwan 3 as testers, and test crossing using promising inbred lines or hybrids as testers (Chutkaew, 1989). Evaluation of varieties was initially done at research stations. Promising materials have then been sent for testing both at experiment stations and in farmers' fields at different locations in corn growing areas. Testing of elite varieties, composites, synthetics, and hybrids has been conducted at many locations. To obtain more reliable information, data have been collected over years, seasons and locations (Chutkaew, 1986). Results and discussion. By using a number of good sources of germplasm, appropriate breeding methodologies, evaluation of varieties and analysis of data collected over years, seasons and locations, high yielding OPVs and hybrids, have been approved by the committee of KU and the DOA, as mentioned above. 1. Evaluation of baby corn. The promising Kasetsart Baby Corn Three-way Cross 3501 (KBTX 3501) was developed in 1987 from (Ki39 x Ki20) x Ki40. Final testing with 12 other varieties carried out at five provinces (Titatarn et a7. 1992) revealed that KBTX 3501 gave the highest yield of fresh dehusked standard baby corn at 167 kg/rai, 47% higher than the check SUwan 2 (8)C7 yielding 113.7 kg/rai (Tables 8 and 10). Other promising varieties were SUwan 3101 and NS1 with 146.5 kg/rai and 123.6 kg/rai, respectively. KBTX 3501 had the lowest downy mildew infection (0.2%), followed by the check Suwan 2 (0.4%) (Table 9). The average yield of fresh baby corn with husks, dehusked, and incidence of downy mildew infection from tests in five provinces in 1991, are shown in Table 10 (Titatarn et a7., 1992). KBTX 3501 gave the highest yield both with husk (1,072.2 kg/rai) and dehusked (167.0 kg/rai) and had the lowest downy mildew infection (0.2%) (Table 10). Baby corn also yields useful byproducts, i.e. green husks and stalk which may be ensiled or sold as fodder for cattle. 134
Table 7. Inbred lines of corn released by the Corn Breeding Project, KU. Inbred Color and type Year released Developed from Ki 1 Orange Yellow Flint 1982 Suwan HS)C4-SS-1-5 (2001) Ki 2 .. Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-1-7 (2002) Ki 3 Suwan HS)C4-SS-5-3 (2007) Ki 4 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-5-5 (2008) Ki 5 Suwan 1(S )C4-SS-5-6 (2009) Ki 6 Suwan H S)C4-SS-5-9 (2011) Ki 7 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-7-3 (2012) Ki 8 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-14-9 (2019) Ki 9 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-16-7 (2021) Ki 10 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-17-3 (2022) Ki 11 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-18-7 (2025) Ki 12 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-18-8 (2026) Ki 13 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-18-9 (2027) Ki 14 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-19-5 (2028) Ki 15 Suwan HS)C4-SS-20-2 (2029) Ki 16 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-20-5 (2031) Ki 17 Suwan 1(S )C4-SS-20-8 (2032) Ki 18 Suwan 1(S)C4-S8-22-4 (2034) Ki 19 Suwan 1(S)C4-SS-22-9 (2035) Ki 20 Yellow Orange Flint 1984 Caripeno DMR(S)Cl-SS-125-5-3 Ki 21 Yellow Orange S8mident 1986 Pacific 9-SS-45 Ki 22 Yellow Orange Dent Pacific 11 x Suwan 1(S)C6-SS-30 Ki 23 Yellow Orange Flint 1987 (Ki 11 x Suwan 1(S)C7-S6-6-2-2)-SS-152-1-3 Ki 24 Orange Flint .. Suwan 1(S)C7-SS-2-2-3-3 Ki 25 Orange Yellow Semiflint Suwan 1(S)C8-SS-84-1 Ki 26 Orange Yellow Flint Suwan 1(S)C8-SS-84-2 Ki 27 Suwan 1(S)C8-S8-220-2 Ki 28 Suwan 1(S)C8-SS-223-1 Ki 29 Suwan 1(S)C8-S8-322-5 Ki 30 Yellow Orange Flint Caripeno DMR(S)Cl-SS-114-1-1 Ki 31 Orange Yellow Flint 1992 Suwan 1(S)C9-SS-329-1 (Ke; 8901) Ki 32 Orange Flint .. Suwan 1(S)C9-S8-346-2 (Kei 8902) Ki 33 Orange Yellow Flint Suwan 1(S)C9-SS-385-1 (Kei 8903) Ki 34 Orange Flint Suwan 1(S)C9(L)(S)Cl-SS-163-3-2-1-2 (Kei 9001) Ki 35 Orange Yellow Flint Suwan 3(S)Cl-SS-14--2-2-1-2 (Kei 9002) Ki 36 Suwan 3(S)C2-SS-102-1-1-4-3 (Kei 9003) Ki 37 Suwan 3(S)C2-SS-194-1-1-1-1 (Kei 9004) Ki 38 Suwan 3(S)C2-SS-302-3-1-1-1 (Kei 9005) Ki 39 Yellow Flint Rangsit 1(H)Cl-S8-5 Ki 40 Orange Yellow Flint Suwan 2(S)C7-F2-S9-2-4 Ki 41 Alexander High Oil 19-1-4-3-1-4 Ki 42 Orange Flint Alexander High Oil 19-1-4-3-3-4 Ki 43 Orange Yellow Flint Suwan 3(S)C3-SS-138 (Ke; 9101) Ki 44 KS 6(S)C2-SS-366 (Kei 9102) Trakoontiwakorn et aT. (1993), used nine corn inbred lines from five different germplasm sources i.e. Suwan, CIMMYT, Hawaiian Sugar SUper Sweet, Tropical Corn Belt Stiff Stalk, and Tropical Corn Belt to make a 9 x 9 diallel cross, and found that with respect to standard ear yield, Suwan source inbreds SW.Ki28 and SW.CG1 gave good heterosis when crossed with the CIMMYT inbred Amarillo Dentado-63 and Tropical Corn Belt Stiff Stalk inbred Trop.88.CG3. The high potential inbreds with highest yielding performance of baby corn were SW.Ki 28, Amarillo Dentado 63 and SW.CG1. Inbreds SW.Ki28 and Amarillo Dentado-63 had a highly significant positive GCA effect for all important economic yields of baby corn. 135
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
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Page Foreword List of participants
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For several years, the Asian countr
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LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
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Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
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I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
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Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
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MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
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Table 3. Land suitability for maize
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Depending on how this wheat is rele
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Individual field sizes in the GKF a
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Table 12. Demonstration block resul
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alance of composite, synthetics and
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Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
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~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
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3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
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3. Farmers could not afford to purc
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Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
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100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
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+ The planting area of inbred line
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ty levels. Selection interia should
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Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
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~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
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inbred 1ines possessing good genera
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Table 3. Details of medium and earl
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increasing the yield levels of the
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Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
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EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
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A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
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Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
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Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
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ut they have been selecting ears fr
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MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
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to rice in order to reach self-suff
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0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
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. According to the findings of the
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IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
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tion with estate or mini-estate typ
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Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
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techniques. References Anonymous. 1
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Table 1. Total area under maize and
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Year Township Area planted Total pr
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cover, short plant stature, and sat
Page 90 and 91: Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
Page 92 and 93: 3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
Page 94 and 95: Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
Page 96 and 97: were unacceptable in some parts due
Page 98 and 99: Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
Page 100 and 101: HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
Page 102 and 103: of highly productive technologies,
Page 104 and 105: Maize varietal improvement continue
Page 106 and 107: Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
Page 108 and 109: elow to help clarify the farm level
Page 110 and 111: Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
Page 112 and 113: support. The versatile planter/fert
Page 114 and 115: Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
Page 116 and 117: T1l1t:i----------------------------
Page 118 and 119: the maha season. Yala season is cha
Page 120 and 121: . Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
Page 122 and 123: Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
Page 124 and 125: It took almost 10 years to develop
Page 126 and 127: g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
Page 128 and 129: 3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
Page 130 and 131: experiments showed that the fertili
Page 132 and 133: Long term evaluation of mass releas
Page 134 and 135: Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
Page 136 and 137: DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
Page 138 and 139: Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
Page 142 and 143: Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
Page 144 and 145: 4. Prevention and control of aflato
Page 146 and 147: Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
Page 148 and 149: Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
Page 150 and 151: Early rainy season plantings have a
Page 152 and 153: P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
Page 154 and 155: In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
Page 156 and 157: organizing visits as well as field
Page 158 and 159: Table 1 Area, production and yield
Page 160 and 161: plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
Page 162 and 163: VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
Page 164 and 165: 6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
Page 166 and 167: MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
Page 168 and 169: method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
Page 170 and 171: can vary by the complexity of inher
Page 172 and 173: Table 3. Response to selection for
Page 174 and 175: Table 5. Comparative responses for
Page 176 and 177: increased response for grain yield.
Page 178 and 179: Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
Page 180 and 181: Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
Page 182 and 183: Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
Page 184 and 185: evaluation are conducted in only on
Page 186 and 187: Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
Page 188 and 189: Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
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will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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help of maize breeders from the nat
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Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
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c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
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Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
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HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
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Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
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when grown under farmers' condition
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seed often varies substantially bec
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kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
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J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
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participation; where foreign compan
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Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
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To recover value, seed companies ca
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In recent years, many new companies
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nology and its reliance on patents,
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Table 6. Intellectual property righ
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for crop improvement programs. It i
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capabi 1ities Despite these constra
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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
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CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
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RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
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ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
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PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
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Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
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Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
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VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
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(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
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1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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