Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

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VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET PfISlECTS Mathieu Delorme 1; I. Purpose of the presentation To assess prospects for Vietnam maize exports in the context of Vietnam's efforts to boost production. - Brief background about the Andre Group. * SWiss international development. * 120 years in the grain business (processing/shipping/marketing). * Always in close cooperation with farmers to improve quality and efficiency, resulting in returns to producers. II. The markets Vietnam located near a major importer: Malaysia. Malaysia is not only important but fast growing (average import growth in the past 5 years, at 8% per annum) due to economic growth and resulting rise in meat demand. In addition, Indonesia and Philippines, are occasionally importing (0.2-0.3 mt each) face the same economic outlook (Fig. 1). and III. The competitor A. Thailand. - Thailand is the nearest competitor for Southeast Asian markets (Figs. 2, 3,4). Due to higher land costs (a result of industrialization) and more profitable crops like sugarcane, area sown with yellow maize has steadily decreased over the past 8-9 years. As yields stabilized, production has also decreased and is not experiencing any growth. Meanwhile, Thailand is facing the same domestic economic growth and increase in resulting meat demand as the other Southeast Asian nations. In addition, Thailand is a meat exporter. Its domestic consumption of yellow maize has therefore grown rapidly, at a 1~ per year average over the past 8-9 years. - Exports have shrunken from a high of 3.5 mt to about 0.5 mt over the past 8-9 years. B. People's Rep. China (PR:) China has replaced Thailand as a major supplier of yellow maize to Southeast Asia. Its sown area and yield growth, however, have slowed down (Table 1). Its domestic feed consumption is booming and as a result domestic local maize demand is growing at an average of 5-~ per year. A major market, Taiwan is importing over 5.0 mt of maize per year which could open up to the PAC any time. This would leave enough demand in an area adjacent to China's producing region (North China), i.e. Japan, the Korean peninsula and Taiwan, and possibilities to cut off their supply to Southeast Asia. C. Others The US, Argentina and South Africa all have growing markets near them, and are at a disadvantage to Vietnam. freight 11 Director/Regional Manager. Andre &Co. (S). Pte Ltd. 150 Beach Road. Singapore 0718. 19-08 Gateway West. 156
Table 1. Situation of maize in People's Rep. China. YEAR 1995 1996 1987 1988 1999 1990 1991 1992 1993 -~ AREA 17,700 19,100 20,200 19,700 20,400 21,000 21,500 21,400 2Hoo PRODUCTION 63,900 70,900 79,200 77,400 79,900 99,800 99,800 95,000 95,000 YIELDS 3.60 3.71 3.92 3.93 3.871 4.61 4.60 4.44 4.42J ~~--~ EXPORTS 6,400 3,800 4,100 3,700 3,200 6,600 9,200 8,500 8,500 I DOM. CONS. 67,400 71,600 74,100 74,400 75,700 79,400 82,400 87,900 87,500 DOM. CONS. GROWTH RATE 24.74% 3.49% 0.40% 1.75% 4.89% 3.78% 6.67% -0.46% ~~-~----- Imporl. (000 t) Fig. 1. 1989 1990 1991 1992 YEAR 1993 Imports of yellow corn in Malaysia. SQIlIn area (OOOha) 1000 500 o 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 "-.r Fig. 2. Area sown to yellow maize in Thailand. 157
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
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Page Foreword List of participants
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For several years, the Asian countr
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LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
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Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
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I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
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Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
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MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
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Table 3. Land suitability for maize
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Depending on how this wheat is rele
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Individual field sizes in the GKF a
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Table 12. Demonstration block resul
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alance of composite, synthetics and
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Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
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~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
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3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
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3. Farmers could not afford to purc
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Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
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100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
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+ The planting area of inbred line
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ty levels. Selection interia should
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Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
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~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
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inbred 1ines possessing good genera
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Table 3. Details of medium and earl
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increasing the yield levels of the
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Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
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EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
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A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
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Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
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Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
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ut they have been selecting ears fr
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MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
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to rice in order to reach self-suff
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0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
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. According to the findings of the
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IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
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tion with estate or mini-estate typ
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Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
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techniques. References Anonymous. 1
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Table 1. Total area under maize and
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Year Township Area planted Total pr
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cover, short plant stature, and sat
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Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
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3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
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Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
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were unacceptable in some parts due
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Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
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HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
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of highly productive technologies,
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Maize varietal improvement continue
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Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
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elow to help clarify the farm level
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Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
Page 112 and 113: support. The versatile planter/fert
Page 114 and 115: Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
Page 116 and 117: T1l1t:i----------------------------
Page 118 and 119: the maha season. Yala season is cha
Page 120 and 121: . Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
Page 122 and 123: Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
Page 124 and 125: It took almost 10 years to develop
Page 126 and 127: g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
Page 128 and 129: 3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
Page 130 and 131: experiments showed that the fertili
Page 132 and 133: Long term evaluation of mass releas
Page 134 and 135: Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
Page 136 and 137: DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
Page 138 and 139: Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
Page 140 and 141: was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
Page 142 and 143: Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
Page 144 and 145: 4. Prevention and control of aflato
Page 146 and 147: Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
Page 148 and 149: Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
Page 150 and 151: Early rainy season plantings have a
Page 152 and 153: P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
Page 154 and 155: In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
Page 156 and 157: organizing visits as well as field
Page 158 and 159: Table 1 Area, production and yield
Page 160 and 161: plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
Page 164 and 165: 6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
Page 166 and 167: MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
Page 168 and 169: method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
Page 170 and 171: can vary by the complexity of inher
Page 172 and 173: Table 3. Response to selection for
Page 174 and 175: Table 5. Comparative responses for
Page 176 and 177: increased response for grain yield.
Page 178 and 179: Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
Page 180 and 181: Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
Page 182 and 183: Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
Page 184 and 185: evaluation are conducted in only on
Page 186 and 187: Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
Page 188 and 189: Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
Page 190 and 191: v) Incentives to private sector are
Page 192 and 193: possible through adoption of suitab
Page 194 and 195: will be described highlighting thos
Page 196 and 197: will fluctuate. As a general rule,
Page 198 and 199: help of maize breeders from the nat
Page 200 and 201: Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
Page 202 and 203: use as OPVs and broad based synthet
Page 204 and 205: c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
Page 206 and 207: Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
Page 208 and 209: HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
Page 210 and 211: Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
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when grown under farmers' condition
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seed often varies substantially bec
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kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
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J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
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participation; where foreign compan
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Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
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To recover value, seed companies ca
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In recent years, many new companies
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nology and its reliance on patents,
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Table 6. Intellectual property righ
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for crop improvement programs. It i
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capabi 1ities Despite these constra
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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
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CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
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RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
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ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
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PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
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Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
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Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
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VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
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(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
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1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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