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. According to the findings of the surveys, study planting dates, plant densities, weed control, intercropping with various food crops, relay cropping, fertilizers, irrigation levels, etc. c. Preparation of written recommendations for improved cultural practices according to the varieties, the agroecological conditions, and the cropping systems. C. Post-harvest technology (Post production systems and seed technology): The main objective is to improve the post-harvest operations in order to improve the quality of the final products, such as maize for human food, for animal feed, and maize for dual purpose. Activities will include: a. Diagnostic surveys to identify the major constraints in post-harvest operations including storage, drying, shelling, etc. b. Test alternative techniques if necessary. c. Develop improved seed technology techniques. d. Prepare written recommendations for improved post-harvest operations appropriate for the farmers. D. Socio-economic studies: The aim is to study the agro-socioeconomic aspects of maize production in the priority regions in order to provide guidance to the other activities of the program. Activities will include: a. Conduct of surveys in priority regions to identify major constraints and potentials for maize development. b. Prepare written recommendations to guide the other components of the program. E. Priority areas: The priority regions for maize research will be the provinces of Luang Prabang, sayabury, Vientiane, and Champasak, and also Vientiane prefecture. OUdomsay, Expected results It is expected that research will give a better understanding of the maize situation at the farm level, some improved material for extension, maize for food, feed, and dual purpose, and an increased impact on lowland maize growers in the central region and upland growers in the northern region. 10. R9COlIIIIet'ldat i ons: a. The improvement of the varieties for food and for both food-and-feed, shall be pursued employing an on-farm research approach. For the varieties for food, whenever possible, and in order to counteract their inbreeding depression, a recombination procedure is recommended. b. A national programme for seed conservation should be implemented in the area of maize for feed with a subsidy incentive for the construction of bamboo cribs. c. A governmental commitment for research and an agreement with an international institution specialized in maize breeding, are also recommended. d. In order to build up a research team for maize breeding, two pairs of nationals (one pair at a time) should be allowed to get some training at a specialized maize breeding institution. One of the first candidates should be the person recently nominated responsible for the Lao National Maize Breeding Programme. R9COlIIIIet'lded - Variety - Fertil ization - Planting date - Spacing - Crop establishment practices for farmers HDK-4 NPK:90-60-30 kgs/ha April-June / OCtober-December 80x25 cm 2-3 seeds/hill in furrows; thin to 1 plants per hill 2 weeks after emergence - Water management - Hand weeding Irrigate whenever necessary Twice 68
- Pest control - Harvesting - Grain yield Spray monocrotophos EC 0.4 kg ai/ha to control stemborers (wet season only). 110-120 DAP 3-3.5 t/ha. References CIMMYT, 1986. CIMMYT International Maize Testing Program. 1985 Preliminary Report. Mexico. CIMMYT, 1987. CIMMYT International Maize Testing Program. 1985 Final Report. Mexico. CIMMYT, 1988. CIMMYT International Maize Testing Program. 1986 Final Report. Mexico. CIMMYT, 1988. CIMMYT International Maize Testing Program. 1986 Preliminary Report. Mexico. con, N.T. 1986. Progress report of experiments of the landcrops at Hatdokkeo station for the period January to June 1986. TCDC Expert, Project LAO/82/011, Vientiane. 4 p. con, N.T. 1987. Report of experiments of the landcrops at Hatdokkeo Agric. Res. & Expt. Stat. during dry season 1986-1987. TCDC Expert, Project UNDP/FAD/LAO/82/011, Vientiane. COn, N.T. 1987. Report of experiments of the landcrops at Hatdokkeo Agric. Res. & EXp~. Stat., during period July-December 1987. TCDC Expert, Project LAO/82/011, Vientiane. 25 p. Kanyavong B., Van Gansberghe D., 1987. Yield trial on selected maize varieties in Lao PDR. Pages 12-13 and 24, In Food Legumes &COarse Grains Newsletter 3. FAD, Project RAS/82/002. Bogar, Indonesia. Ministere des Relations Exterieures Cooperation et Development, Republique Francaise, 1984. Mais. P. 488-501. In Memento de l'agronomie lao Documentation Francaise, Paris. Ministry of Agric. and Forestry. 1991. Natl. Agric. & Forestry Res. Master Plan, 1991. Detailed Priority Research Program Elements. NARC, Vientiane, Lao PDR. Pega, S.E. 1987. Assessment and evaluation of the maize breeding programme in Lao PDR. consultancy Report. Integrated Agricultural Development Project UNDP/FAD/LAO/82/011, FAD, Rome. 5aphangthong, S. and V. Phannourath. 1989. Agricultural research in the Lao PDR. p.41-46. In the SUAN secretariat (eds). Proceedings of the SUAN-EAPI exploratory on Lao agroecosytems. Khan Kaen University, Khan Kaen, Thailand. Questions to the author: FROM: G. Granados Q We also recognize that to develop the maize crop in Laos, there is an urgent need to have staff trained in maize improvement. We (CIMMYT) have offered several times scholarships to Laos for training in our HQ in Mexico, but our offer has not been accepted by the Government, what can we do? A I think now our Government understands more ~ to develop the maize program in Lao PDR. You try again to contact our ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, P.O. Box 811 ,Vientiane, Lao PDR. To Mr. Sithaheng Ratsaphonh, Vice Minister. 69
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
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Page Foreword List of participants
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For several years, the Asian countr
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LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
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Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
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I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
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Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
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MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
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Table 3. Land suitability for maize
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Depending on how this wheat is rele
Page 23 and 24: Individual field sizes in the GKF a
Page 25 and 26: Table 12. Demonstration block resul
Page 27 and 28: alance of composite, synthetics and
Page 29 and 30: Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
Page 31 and 32: ~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
Page 34 and 35: 3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
Page 36 and 37: 3. Farmers could not afford to purc
Page 38 and 39: Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
Page 40 and 41: 100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
Page 42 and 43: + The planting area of inbred line
Page 44 and 45: ty levels. Selection interia should
Page 46 and 47: Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
Page 48 and 49: ~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
Page 50 and 51: inbred 1ines possessing good genera
Page 52 and 53: Table 3. Details of medium and earl
Page 54 and 55: increasing the yield levels of the
Page 56 and 57: Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
Page 58 and 59: EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
Page 60 and 61: A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
Page 62 and 63: Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
Page 64 and 65: Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
Page 66 and 67: ut they have been selecting ears fr
Page 68 and 69: MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
Page 70 and 71: to rice in order to reach self-suff
Page 72 and 73: 0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
Page 76 and 77: IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
Page 78 and 79: tion with estate or mini-estate typ
Page 80 and 81: Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
Page 82 and 83: techniques. References Anonymous. 1
Page 84 and 85: Table 1. Total area under maize and
Page 86 and 87: Year Township Area planted Total pr
Page 88 and 89: cover, short plant stature, and sat
Page 90 and 91: Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
Page 92 and 93: 3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
Page 94 and 95: Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
Page 96 and 97: were unacceptable in some parts due
Page 98 and 99: Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
Page 100 and 101: HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
Page 102 and 103: of highly productive technologies,
Page 104 and 105: Maize varietal improvement continue
Page 106 and 107: Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
Page 108 and 109: elow to help clarify the farm level
Page 110 and 111: Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
Page 112 and 113: support. The versatile planter/fert
Page 114 and 115: Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
Page 116 and 117: T1l1t:i----------------------------
Page 118 and 119: the maha season. Yala season is cha
Page 120 and 121: . Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
Page 122 and 123: Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
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It took almost 10 years to develop
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g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
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3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
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experiments showed that the fertili
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Long term evaluation of mass releas
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Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
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DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
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Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
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was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
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Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
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4. Prevention and control of aflato
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Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
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Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
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Early rainy season plantings have a
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P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
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In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
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organizing visits as well as field
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Table 1 Area, production and yield
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plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
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VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
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6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
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MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
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method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
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can vary by the complexity of inher
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Table 3. Response to selection for
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Table 5. Comparative responses for
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increased response for grain yield.
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Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
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Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
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Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
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Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
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Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
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will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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help of maize breeders from the nat
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Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
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c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
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Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
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HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
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Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
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when grown under farmers' condition
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seed often varies substantially bec
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kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
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J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
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participation; where foreign compan
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Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
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To recover value, seed companies ca
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In recent years, many new companies
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nology and its reliance on patents,
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Table 6. Intellectual property righ
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for crop improvement programs. It i
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capabi 1ities Despite these constra
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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
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CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
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RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
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ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
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PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
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Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
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Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
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VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
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(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
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1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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