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FROM: N. N. Singh Q. 1. The requirement of water for growing rabi maize (350 mm) seems to be too low. Is it based on data or your observation? 2. Area in Bangladesh is going down and you said that there is scope to increase due to industrial demand. How much maize is imported every year to know the realistic demand? A. 1. The estimated crop water demand for maize in the rabi season (350 mm) is not too low and is surely based on rel iable data and not on my observations. 2. At present, there is trend towards an increase in acreage of maize in Bangladesh. There is a demand for it in the poultry and livestock sector as feed and fodder. Also demand exists in the industrial sector viz. the confectionery factories etc. According to the Bangla - desh Bureau of Statistics report of 1988-89, the amount imported that year was only 3197 kg. Presents statistics of imports. 24
~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN N. Wangdi !I Maize is one of the most important staple crops of Bhutan. During 1989, maize was cultivated in 41,890 ha, producing about 31,130 t of grain. The national average yield of the crop is 740 kg/ha. Nearly 9 of the maize in the country is grown under rainfed conditions on sloping terrain, and the remaining 1~ in paddy fields. About 5~ of the crop is found in the dry subtropics (1,200-1,800 mas1), ~ in humid subtropics (600-1,200 masl), 1~ in wet subtropics, and the remaining 1~ in warm temperate areas (1 ,8QO-2,600 masl). The major maize growing areas of the country and their production are shown on Table 1. Table 1. Area production, and yield of maize in various districts. 1988/89. District Area Production Yield (ha) (t) (kg/ha) Thimphu 30 10 500 Ha 70 40 540 Punakha 80 60 770 Wangdiphodrang 60 na na Tongsa 380 270 720 Paro * * * Chhuka 1830 680 370 Samchi 7540 2490 330 Chi rang 6380 2910 460 Daga 2360 890 380 Gey1egphug 6990 2650 380 Samdrupjongkhar 4700 2650 560 Bumthang 10 20 1160 Shemgang 1060 1250 1180 Luntshi 1140 2480 2170 Mongar 2570 4530 1760 Pemagatshe1 860 920 1060 Tashigang 5810 9230 1590 TOTAL BHUTAN 41890 31130 740 SOurce: Agronomic Survery, Central Statistical Office. * : sampling error too high for accurate estimation. Based on the acreage and total production data, it is clear that the productivity per unit area is too low. This is due to a low inheren~ soil fertility on sloping terrain, presence and use of old, traditional varieties, and poor crop management practices. A systematic research programme on maize has been recently organiZed. It dates back to the year 1989 when the National Maize Improvement Programme was launched. The main objectives of this programme are as follows: 11 Res. Assistant. Maize Program. Agric. Res. Center, Khangma. Tashigang, E. Bhutan. 25
Page 2 and 3: Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
Page 4 and 5: Page Foreword List of participants
Page 6 and 7: For several years, the Asian countr
Page 9 and 10: LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
Page 11 and 12: Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
Page 13 and 14: I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
Page 15 and 16: Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
Page 17 and 18: MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
Page 19 and 20: Table 3. Land suitability for maize
Page 21 and 22: Depending on how this wheat is rele
Page 23 and 24: Individual field sizes in the GKF a
Page 25 and 26: Table 12. Demonstration block resul
Page 27 and 28: alance of composite, synthetics and
Page 29: Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
Page 34 and 35: 3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
Page 36 and 37: 3. Farmers could not afford to purc
Page 38 and 39: Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
Page 40 and 41: 100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
Page 42 and 43: + The planting area of inbred line
Page 44 and 45: ty levels. Selection interia should
Page 46 and 47: Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
Page 48 and 49: ~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
Page 50 and 51: inbred 1ines possessing good genera
Page 52 and 53: Table 3. Details of medium and earl
Page 54 and 55: increasing the yield levels of the
Page 56 and 57: Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
Page 58 and 59: EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
Page 60 and 61: A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
Page 62 and 63: Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
Page 64 and 65: Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
Page 66 and 67: ut they have been selecting ears fr
Page 68 and 69: MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
Page 70 and 71: to rice in order to reach self-suff
Page 72 and 73: 0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
Page 74 and 75: . According to the findings of the
Page 76 and 77: IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
Page 78 and 79: tion with estate or mini-estate typ
Page 80 and 81:
Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
Page 82 and 83:
techniques. References Anonymous. 1
Page 84 and 85:
Table 1. Total area under maize and
Page 86 and 87:
Year Township Area planted Total pr
Page 88 and 89:
cover, short plant stature, and sat
Page 90 and 91:
Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
Page 92 and 93:
3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
Page 94 and 95:
Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
Page 96 and 97:
were unacceptable in some parts due
Page 98 and 99:
Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
Page 100 and 101:
HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
Page 102 and 103:
of highly productive technologies,
Page 104 and 105:
Maize varietal improvement continue
Page 106 and 107:
Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
Page 108 and 109:
elow to help clarify the farm level
Page 110 and 111:
Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
Page 112 and 113:
support. The versatile planter/fert
Page 114 and 115:
Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
Page 116 and 117:
T1l1t:i----------------------------
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the maha season. Yala season is cha
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. Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
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Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
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It took almost 10 years to develop
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g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
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3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
Page 130 and 131:
experiments showed that the fertili
Page 132 and 133:
Long term evaluation of mass releas
Page 134 and 135:
Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
Page 136 and 137:
DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
Page 138 and 139:
Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
Page 140 and 141:
was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
Page 142 and 143:
Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
Page 144 and 145:
4. Prevention and control of aflato
Page 146 and 147:
Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
Page 148 and 149:
Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
Page 150 and 151:
Early rainy season plantings have a
Page 152 and 153:
P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
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In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
Page 156 and 157:
organizing visits as well as field
Page 158 and 159:
Table 1 Area, production and yield
Page 160 and 161:
plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
Page 162 and 163:
VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
Page 164 and 165:
6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
Page 166 and 167:
MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
Page 168 and 169:
method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
Page 170 and 171:
can vary by the complexity of inher
Page 172 and 173:
Table 3. Response to selection for
Page 174 and 175:
Table 5. Comparative responses for
Page 176 and 177:
increased response for grain yield.
Page 178 and 179:
Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
Page 180 and 181:
Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
Page 182 and 183:
Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
Page 186 and 187:
Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
Page 188 and 189:
Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
Page 190 and 191:
v) Incentives to private sector are
Page 192 and 193:
possible through adoption of suitab
Page 194 and 195:
will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
Page 198 and 199:
help of maize breeders from the nat
Page 200 and 201:
Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
Page 204 and 205:
c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
Page 206 and 207:
Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
Page 208 and 209:
HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
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Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
Page 214 and 215:
when grown under farmers' condition
Page 216 and 217:
seed often varies substantially bec
Page 218 and 219:
kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
Page 224 and 225:
J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
Page 228 and 229:
participation; where foreign compan
Page 230 and 231:
Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
Page 232 and 233:
To recover value, seed companies ca
Page 234 and 235:
In recent years, many new companies
Page 236 and 237:
nology and its reliance on patents,
Page 238 and 239:
Table 6. Intellectual property righ
Page 240 and 241:
for crop improvement programs. It i
Page 242 and 243:
capabi 1ities Despite these constra
Page 244 and 245:
TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
Page 248 and 249:
CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
Page 250 and 251:
RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
Page 252 and 253:
ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
Page 254 and 255:
ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
Page 256 and 257:
PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
Page 258 and 259:
Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
Page 260 and 261:
Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
Page 262 and 263:
VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
Page 264 and 265:
(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
Page 266:
1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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