Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven maize growing areas identified in Vietnam. Table 1. Area under corn production. ('000 ha) Area 1980 1985 Year 1990 1991 1992 Northern part 139.2 153.3 Midland 17.9 15.9 Red river delta 35.4 33.7 Zone 4 49.7 38.3 Central highland 37.9 53.5 central coastal line 38.7 34.1 Eastern Nambo 49.1 57.0 Mekong delta 11. 1 11.5 TOTAL 379.0 397.3 155.5 157.8 167.6 28.3 28.9 33.5 69.3 67.5 81.5 44.9 46.9 52.6 45.9 43.3 29.2 28.2 28.5 31.4 48.5 48.8 48.8 11.2 11. 1 12.4 431.8 432.8 457.0 Source Dept. of Internatl. Cooperation, MAFI. A corn breeding program in this country should have the following objectives: 1. Breeding for high yield with yellow semiflint kernels. 2. Breeding for disease resistance, i.e., maydis and turcicum leaf blights, banded leaf sheath blight, rust and viruses. 3. Breeding for tolerance to strong winds (typhoons) in the North. 4. Breeding for different maturity requirements suitable to the various cropping patterns. 5. Breeding for tolerance to water stress (both drought and waterlogged conditions). Bioseed in Vietnam has the above five objectives in mind. We believe in location specific breeding and hence have initiated a full-fledged corn breeding program for this country. We are testing different maturity hybrids to fit the different agroclimatic zones and suitable for 238
different cropping patterns. We have screened around 600 inbred lines, 268 single crosses, 300 double crosses, 60 populations and synthetics and 10,000 segregating materials (10,000 rows). During the initial screening and evaluation of different germplasm in Vietnam, the following observations have noted: 1. 2. 3. 4. Lancaster group materials show better adaptation and tolerance to maydis leaf blight than Stiff Stalk-derived materials (Table 3). By visual screening, the race of H. maydis present in the country appears to be 0 type, but this needs further testing and pathological Majority of exotic subtropical materials do not adapt confi rmation. directly, due to harsh subtro pical climate. Some of the inbred lines tolerant to foliar diseases otherwise fertile in other tropical and subtropical environments, show either partial or complete sterility in North Vietnam. been Table 2. Corn planting seasons in Vietnam. Rainfed/ Area Irrigated season Planting Time Zone 1 Rainfed Spring February (North eastern) Rainfed Summer/Autumn May-June Zone 2 Rainfed Spring February-March North western) Rainfed Summer/Autumn June-July Zone 3 Irrigated Spring January-February (Red river delta) Irrigated Summer/Autumn May-June Irrigated Winter August-September Zone 4 Irrigated Spring February (Central north) Irrigated Summer/Autumn May-June Zone 5 Rainfed 1st crop Apri 1 (Central Plateau) Rainfed 2ns crop July Zone 6 Rainfed 1st crop Dec9l1lber (Central coastal) Rainfed 2nd crop May-June Rainfed 3rd crop July-August Zone 7 Irrigated 1st crop April (Eastern Nambo) Irrigated 2nd crop July-August (Mekong delta) Irrigated 1st crop December-January Irrigated 2nd crop March-April 3rd crop JUly-August Some of CIMMYT's populations and pools have been screened for maydis leaf blight under natural conditions. Among these, the late maturity Pop. 28 and advanced lines of Pop. 345 are performing better and are useful in our breeding program. The details of maydis leaf blight scores are in Table 4. Achievements: I. The hybrid Bioseed 9670 has already been released. The main features of this hybrid are: * Medium maturity, good for winter, spring and summer/autumn seasons. * Widely adaptable and suited to local cropping patterns. * Well adapted throughout Vietnam. * Showing good performance in lowlands and rainfed conditions. * Good root and stalk strength. * Has field tolerance to maydis and turcicum leaf blights. 239
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
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Page Foreword List of participants
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For several years, the Asian countr
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LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
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Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
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I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
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Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
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MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
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Table 3. Land suitability for maize
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Depending on how this wheat is rele
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Individual field sizes in the GKF a
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Table 12. Demonstration block resul
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alance of composite, synthetics and
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Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
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~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
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3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
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3. Farmers could not afford to purc
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Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
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100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
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+ The planting area of inbred line
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ty levels. Selection interia should
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Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
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~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
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inbred 1ines possessing good genera
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Table 3. Details of medium and earl
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increasing the yield levels of the
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Production of ~zygous diploid inbre
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EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
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A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
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Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
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Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
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ut they have been selecting ears fr
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MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
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to rice in order to reach self-suff
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0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
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. According to the findings of the
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IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
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tion with estate or mini-estate typ
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Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
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techniques. References Anonymous. 1
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Table 1. Total area under maize and
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Year Township Area planted Total pr
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cover, short plant stature, and sat
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Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
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3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
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Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
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were unacceptable in some parts due
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Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
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HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
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of highly productive technologies,
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Maize varietal improvement continue
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Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
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elow to help clarify the farm level
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Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
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support. The versatile planter/fert
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Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
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T1l1t:i----------------------------
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the maha season. Yala season is cha
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. Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
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Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
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It took almost 10 years to develop
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g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
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3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
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experiments showed that the fertili
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Long term evaluation of mass releas
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Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
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DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
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Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
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was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
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Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
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4. Prevention and control of aflato
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Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
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Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
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Early rainy season plantings have a
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P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
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In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
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organizing visits as well as field
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Table 1 Area, production and yield
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plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
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VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
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6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
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MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
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method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
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can vary by the complexity of inher
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Table 3. Response to selection for
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Table 5. Comparative responses for
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increased response for grain yield.
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Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
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Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
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Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
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Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
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Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
Page 194 and 195: will be described highlighting thos
Page 196 and 197: will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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Page 200 and 201: Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
Page 202 and 203: use as OPVs and broad based synthet
Page 204 and 205: c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
Page 206 and 207: Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
Page 208 and 209: HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
Page 210 and 211: Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
Page 212 and 213: At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
Page 214 and 215: when grown under farmers' condition
Page 216 and 217: seed often varies substantially bec
Page 218 and 219: kilograms of maize grain that must
Page 220 and 221: Table 8. COst of producing, process
Page 222 and 223: case in which the hybrid replaces a
Page 224 and 225: J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
Page 226 and 227: egions which do not allow a suffici
Page 228 and 229: participation; where foreign compan
Page 230 and 231: Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
Page 232 and 233: To recover value, seed companies ca
Page 234 and 235: In recent years, many new companies
Page 236 and 237: nology and its reliance on patents,
Page 238 and 239: Table 6. Intellectual property righ
Page 240 and 241: for crop improvement programs. It i
Page 242 and 243: capabi 1ities Despite these constra
Page 246 and 247: * Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
Page 248 and 249: CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
Page 250 and 251: RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
Page 252 and 253: ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
Page 254 and 255: ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
Page 256 and 257: PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
Page 258 and 259: Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
Page 260 and 261: Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
Page 262 and 263: VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
Page 264 and 265: (Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
Page 266: 1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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