Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regional Maize Workshop - Search ...

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Production of ~zygous diploid inbreds through the haploidy rout•. Attempts are being made to develop a suitable technology for quick production of homozygous diploid lines of maize through the haploidy route. The haploids are being isolated through the genetic selection technique. Haploid-inducer lines with haploidy potential of 5X have been developed. The haploids are screened at the dry seed stage with the help of genetic markers. No standard technique is yet available for efficient doubling of the haploids. Two approaches have been followed, (i) colchicine treatment to germinating plumule of young seedlings and (ii) culturing haploid tissue and regeneration following doubling of chromosome nl.lllber. SO far, the best success (18.5X doubling) has been obtained with treatment of germinating seeds (having the plumule tip cut) with O.oex colchicine solution with dimethyl sulfoxide for 8 hr at 18C. Tab1e 7. Mean performance of experimenta1 hybrids at Hyderabad and Arbhavi. 1992 SlInmer. Experimental Yield (kg/ha) X over hybrids Hyd Arb check BH-44151 4376 8954 6665 31.4 BH-44181 4725 8376 6550 29.2 BH-44071 4669 7725 6202 22.3 BH-44081 4342 8049 6195 22.2 BH-43831 4724 7612 6168 21.6 BH-44201 4721 7502 6111 20.5 BH-43921 4280 7398 5839 15.1 BH-44131 3255 8287 5771 13.8 BH-44101 4489 7021 5755 13.5 Trishu1ata (check) 4047 6096 5071 Table 8. Mean performance of single cross hybrids at Hyderabad and Arbhavi. 1992-93 Winter. Experimental Yield (kg/ha) Mean X over hybrids Hyd Arb check BH-6055 8774 8488 8631 26.68 BH-6060 8063 9149 8606 26.32 BH-6066 7181 8798 7990 17.28 BH-6063 6854 9007 7931 16.41 BH-6084 7140 8596 786 15.49 BH-6078 8074 7638 7856 15.31 BH-6064 7315 8285 7800 14.49 DI....t-105 (check) 7162 6464 6813 Crop managellI8l"lt research. The agronomic investigations led us to conclude that during the summer season in the plains of northern India, the planting of maize may be taken up any time between last week of May to last week of June. For hi lly regions, fi rst week of April has been found to be most appropriate. To ensure optimum yield planting spacing of either 75 x 20 em or 60 x 25 em along with a 50
fertilizer dose of 120-60-40 kg N-P 2 0 5 -~O/ha has been found to be ideal. lklder experimental conditions intercropping of maize with 1egllllinous crops like black or green gr_, and oH seed crops such as groundnut, has been found to be more rellUl8rative as compared to monoculture of maize. For the management of weeds, preemergence app1 ication of Atrazine at 0.5 kg ai/ha is found to be most effective. The yield potential of maize during winter season has been found to be much higher due to the fact that the crop is comparatively free from vagaries of the weather and there is a lower incidence of diseases and insect pests. For winter maize cultivation, it is reoonnended to maintain a plant population of about 80,000 p1ants/ha and apply a higher dose (180 kg/hal of N. Like summer, in winter crop also intercropping with potato, lentil, peas, rajmas , and cluster beans has been found to be profitable. Based on research done at Ludhiana and Dholi, one of the important findings for winter maize has been the adoption of transplanting maize seedlings to Table 9. Performance of cold tolerant hybrids tested in Punjab (3 locations). 1992-93 Winter. Days " over Experimental Mean to 50S silk check JH-6154 8619 142 16.49 JH-6151 8563 139 15.73 JH-6165 8289 139 12.03 Ganga 11 (check) 7399 142 avoid delayed emergence due to low temperature (Table 10). The other advantage of the adoption of such methodology includes a good alternative to late sown wheat crop, and it also helps in eradication of the weed Pha7aris minora which grows along with wheat. Further experiments on the transplanting technique, age of nursery, and time of transplanting are being studied more critically. Table 10. Response of direct seeded and transplanted maize to different dates of sowing at Dholi (Bihar). Rabi 1991-92 and 1992-93. Date of Planting Grain yield (t/ha) " increase due to planting method ------- transplanting 1991-92 1992-93 Mean Nov. 15 Direct sown 4.15 4.68 4.42 Nov. 30 Direct sown 3.07 3.87 3.47 Transplanted 2.52 4.57 3.54 2.0 Dec. 15 Direct sown 2.60 3.38 2.99 Transplanted 3.25 4.90 4.08 36.5 Dec. 30 Direct sown 1.53 2.53 2.03 Transplanted 2.76 4.18 3.47 70.9 Jan. 15 Direct sown 1.18 2.17 1.68 Transplanted 2.59 3.18 2.88 71.4 C.D. at 5. 0.5 0.74 51
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Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Regi
Page 4 and 5:
Page Foreword List of participants
Page 6 and 7: For several years, the Asian countr
Page 9 and 10: LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTA
Page 11 and 12: Chamnan Chutkaew Dept. of Agronomy
Page 13 and 14: I t· PRIVATE PRIVATE SECTOR: SECTO
Page 15 and 16: Pioneer Overseas Corp. ProAgro Seed
Page 17 and 18: MP COP NGOs TK = Muriate of Potash.
Page 19 and 20: Table 3. Land suitability for maize
Page 21 and 22: Depending on how this wheat is rele
Page 23 and 24: Individual field sizes in the GKF a
Page 25 and 26: Table 12. Demonstration block resul
Page 27 and 28: alance of composite, synthetics and
Page 29 and 30: Elias, S.M., F.S. Sikder and J.Ahme
Page 31 and 32: ~IZE ItAIMJ4ENT PRXJW4ME IN IHlf'AN
Page 34 and 35: 3. Low level of soil fertility. Exp
Page 36 and 37: 3. Farmers could not afford to purc
Page 38 and 39: Table 1. Hybrid maize production in
Page 40 and 41: 100,000 mu (1 ha = 15 mu). Fran 198
Page 42 and 43: + The planting area of inbred line
Page 44 and 45: ty levels. Selection interia should
Page 46 and 47: Dao13, Oa19, SSE232 etc.). b. combi
Page 48 and 49: ~ZE I~ IN IN>IA - AN OVERVIEW WITH
Page 50 and 51: inbred 1ines possessing good genera
Page 52 and 53: Table 3. Details of medium and earl
Page 54 and 55: increasing the yield levels of the
Page 58 and 59: EntQllOlogical research. In the fie
Page 60 and 61: A 1) OUr coordinated efforts for ma
Page 62 and 63: Table 1. Maize area harvested, proW
Page 64 and 65: Table 4. Grain yield of Semar 1 and
Page 66 and 67: ut they have been selecting ears fr
Page 68 and 69: MAIZE ~ N«J ~ION IN LAOS. Kanyavon
Page 70 and 71: to rice in order to reach self-suff
Page 72 and 73: 0\ 0\ ."'0- ~I.u'. u: 0 50 100 STAT
Page 74 and 75: . According to the findings of the
Page 76 and 77: IR:EDIIIG IHJ N:RHJotIC RESEAfDI C
Page 78 and 79: tion with estate or mini-estate typ
Page 80 and 81: Table 4. MYR grain maize yields ove
Page 82 and 83: techniques. References Anonymous. 1
Page 84 and 85: Table 1. Total area under maize and
Page 86 and 87: Year Township Area planted Total pr
Page 88 and 89: cover, short plant stature, and sat
Page 90 and 91: Table 3. Res.Stat. Multilocational
Page 92 and 93: 3. Plant protection: a. Diseases Th
Page 94 and 95: Questions to the author: FROM: S. K
Page 96 and 97: were unacceptable in some parts due
Page 98 and 99: Table 2. CCRI maize hybrid yield tr
Page 100 and 101: HYBRID MAIZE BREEDlt.G AN> ALH»DII
Page 102 and 103: of highly productive technologies,
Page 104 and 105: Maize varietal improvement continue
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Peronosc lerospora phi 1ippinensis
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elow to help clarify the farm level
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Premium Grade (emulsifiable concent
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support. The versatile planter/fert
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Table 1. Climatic conditions in the
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T1l1t:i----------------------------
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the maha season. Yala season is cha
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. Spacing Blackgram Maize 40 em x 5
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Sri Lanka. Ariyanayagam, R. P. 1967
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It took almost 10 years to develop
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g; CUS0 4 (5H 2 0): 0.39 g; NaF: 0.
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3. Making single cnosses: Plant the
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experiments showed that the fertili
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Long term evaluation of mass releas
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Chang, S.C., and Y.Z. Wu. 1976. Pra
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DEVELCHENT OF HYBRID ~ IN THAILAN>
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Table 2. Quantity and value of Thai
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was approved by KU and OOA in 1991
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Table 8. Mean yields of fresh dehus
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4. Prevention and control of aflato
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Table 17. Mean grain yield and agro
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Sittipanuwong, S., C. Chutkaew, A.
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Early rainy season plantings have a
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P. R.CHINA TMilAKD CAMPUCHiA
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In 1992, the hybrid maize acreage i
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organizing visits as well as field
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Table 1 Area, production and yield
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plants per hill) 4. Intercropping e
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VIEl1'W4 YELLOW MAIZE EXRRT: MARKET
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6,------------------~3,5 Producllon
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MAIZE BREEDUG Arnel R. Hallauer-L!
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method was provi ded by Eberhart (1
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can vary by the complexity of inher
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Table 3. Response to selection for
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Table 5. Comparative responses for
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increased response for grain yield.
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Sure Crop (0h43 and C103). several
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Sprague and Tatum (1942) demonstrat
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Horner, E.S., E. Magloi re, and J .
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evaluation are conducted in only on
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Table 1. Maize: Production Unit 100
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Table 3. Maize: Area harvested Unit
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v) Incentives to private sector are
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possible through adoption of suitab
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will be described highlighting thos
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will fluctuate. As a general rule,
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help of maize breeders from the nat
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Table 4. Possible heterotic partner
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use as OPVs and broad based synthet
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c. Integrat;on of populat;on ;mprov
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Table 8. Announced CIMMYT lines 199
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HYBRID MAIZE ~ 1l£ SMALL-SCALE FNI
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Table 2. Growth rate of maize area
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At the same time that CIMMYT was sh
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when grown under farmers' condition
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seed often varies substantially bec
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kilograms of maize grain that must
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Table 8. COst of producing, process
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case in which the hybrid replaces a
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J i-----1'-_.,-_I........ i M*iIBia
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egions which do not allow a suffici
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participation; where foreign compan
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Wellhausen, E.J. Walden (ed.) 1978.
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To recover value, seed companies ca
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In recent years, many new companies
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nology and its reliance on patents,
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Table 6. Intellectual property righ
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for crop improvement programs. It i
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capabi 1ities Despite these constra
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TftNlAlll CAMPUCI-1iA Fig. 1. Seven
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* Yield potential of 8.0 t/ha. II.
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CAOOILL MAIZE RESEAFDI ACTIVITIES I
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RESEARCH AN> POTENTIAL OF HYBRID (X
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ClBA SEEDS IN SJJ11£AST ASIA. Jose
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ACTIVIlY OF MAHYOO IN INJIA Rajendr
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PACIFIC SEEDS - PlANT ~ FOO ASIA Pe
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Questions to the author: FROM: R. S
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Just start In 1980 the demonstratio
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VOLUME 1000 IQnt/ 10.--------------
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(Notes by Dr. V.L. Chidley, Raporte
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1. Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath blig
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