2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsUnless explicitly indicated, sample size (N) refers to the actual, unweighted number ofrespondents. Percentages are weighted. Sample size may vary between tables because of missingvalues.Comparison of drug prevalence by time of day (Table 19) indicates that 11 percent of drivers inthe daytime sample were drug-positive. This level was significantly lower than the 14.4 percentof nighttime drivers who tested positive for drugs (p < .01).Table 19. Drug Prevalence by Time of Day (Oral Fluid)Time of DayN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)Daytime 1,850 11.0%Nighttime 5,869 14.4%Further, when we examined drug prevalence by time of day/session (Table 20), we found thatlate night (Sessions 3 and 5) drivers were significantly more likely to be drug-positive (17.2%and 17.4% respectively) than Friday daytime (Session 1) drivers (11%) or Friday and Saturdayearly evening (Sessions 2 and 4) drivers (12.9% and 13.6% respectively) (p < .01).Table 20. Drug Prevalence by Time of Day/Session (Oral Fluid)SessionN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)1: Friday, 9:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. or1:30 p.m. – 3:30 p.m.1,850 11.0%2: Friday, 10:00 p.m. – Midnight 1,610 12.9%3: Friday, 1:00 a.m. – 3:00 a.m. 1,299 17.2%4: Saturday, 10:00 p.m. – Midnight 1,684 13.6%5: Saturday, 1:00 a.m. – 3:00 a.m. 1,276 17.4%Comparison of drug prevalence by time and region (Table 21) revealed that the Northeast regionhad the greatest percentage of drug-positive findings in the nighttime driving sample, at 17.3percent (p < .05). The Northeast region also had the second highest percentage in the daytimedriving sample at 12.5 percent (although there were no statistical differences by region duringthe daytime). In spite of the Northeast regions’ relatively high prevalence of drug-positives, noclear pattern by region emerged.38
2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsTable 21. Drug Prevalence by Time of Day and Region 15 (Oral Fluid)Time of DayDaytimeNighttimeRegionN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)Midwest 546 11.5%Northeast 379 12.5%South 472 13.1%West 453 8.9%Overall Daytime 1,850 11.0%Midwest 1,694 15.0%Northeast 1,111 17.3%South 1,559 14.0%West 1,505 12.9%Overall Nighttime 5,869 14.4%Although the daytime driving sample showed no statistically significant difference in drugprevalence between males and females (Table 22), in the nighttime driving sample, male driverswere significantly more likely to be drug-positive (16.5%) than female drivers (11.3%) (p < .01).Table 22. Drug Prevalence by Time of Day and Gender (Oral Fluid)Time of DayDaytimeNighttimeGenderN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)Males 1,032 11.0%Females 811 11.3%Overall Daytime 1,843 11.0%Males 3,605 16.5%Females 2,250 11.3%Overall Nighttime 5,855 14.4%Comparison of drug prevalence by time of day and age (Table 23) showed that, within thedaytime driving sample, drivers aged 45-64 showed the highest percentage of drug positives, anddrivers aged 16-20 and aged 65+ were significantly less likely to be positive than other ages ofdrivers (p < .05). In the nighttime driving sample, drivers aged 45-64 and 65+ were significantlyless likely to be drug positive (p < .01). Drivers aged 16-20, 21-34 years, and 35-44 years all hadresults similar to each other. Age was self-reported by respondent. Note that in Table 23 as wellas upcoming tables, the age ranges are not of equal intervals but were developed to roughly15 Regions are defined by the NASS/GES system according to U.S. Census Regions (Midwest includes the WestNorth Central and East North Central States, Northeast includes New England and Middle Atlantic States, Southincludes the West South Central, East South Central, and South Atlantic States, and West includes West andMountain States.39
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DOT HS 811 249December 2009
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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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