10.07.2015 Views

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

<strong>2007</strong> <strong>National</strong> <strong>Roadside</strong> <strong>Survey</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Alcohol</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>Use</strong> <strong>by</strong> <strong>Drivers</strong>: <strong>Drug</strong> ResultsDriver <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Prevalence Based on Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or Blood Results............................. 89Driver <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> Class Based on Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or Blood Results ..... 94Driver <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> Category Based on Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or Blood Results96Driver <strong>Drug</strong> <strong>Use</strong> Prevalence from Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or Blood <strong>and</strong> BAC Results.................... 98Individual <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence Estimates from Oral Fluid, <strong>and</strong> Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or BloodCombined................................................................................................................................ 102Overall Individual <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence in Daytime <strong>and</strong> Nighttime ........................................ 103Individual <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence in Nighttime Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or Blood ................................... 105Individual <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence Sorted <strong>by</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> Type from Oral Fluid, <strong>and</strong> Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/orBlood Combined ................................................................................................................. 107Discussion................................................................................................................................... 111Oral Fluid Analyses ............................................................................................................ 111Blood Analyses ................................................................................................................... 113Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong>/or Blood Analyses Combined..................................................................... 114References................................................................................................................................... 115Appendix A................................................................................................................................. 121<strong>2007</strong> <strong>National</strong> <strong>Roadside</strong> <strong>Survey</strong> Additional Tables............................................................ 123TablesTable 1. Participating <strong>Drivers</strong> (Percentages in Parentheses) .......................................................... 3Table 2. <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day (Oral Fluid)................................................................. 3Table 3. <strong>Drug</strong> Categories Distribution <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day (Oral Fluid) ............................................. 4Table 4. BAC Among <strong>Drug</strong>-Positive <strong>Drivers</strong> <strong>by</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> Category <strong>and</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day (Oral Fluid) .. 5Table 5. <strong>Drug</strong> Classes <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day <strong>and</strong> Region (Oral Fluid) ................................................... 6Table 6. Number <strong>and</strong> Distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> Classes <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day (Oral Fluid)......................... 6Table 7. <strong>Drug</strong> Categories Distribution (Blood) .............................................................................. 7Table 8. BAC Among <strong>Drug</strong>-Positive <strong>Drivers</strong> <strong>by</strong> <strong>Drug</strong> Category (Percentage <strong>by</strong> Row) (Blood)... 7Table 9. Comparison <strong>of</strong> Number <strong>of</strong> Nighttime Participants <strong>by</strong> Year in the <strong>National</strong> <strong>Roadside</strong><strong>Survey</strong>s.................................................................................................................................. 21Table 10. Participating <strong>Drivers</strong> (Percentages in Parentheses) ...................................................... 22Table 11. Oral Fluid Analysis Results Among Converted <strong>Drivers</strong> .............................................. 23Table 12. Blood Analysis Results Among Converted <strong>Drivers</strong> ..................................................... 23Table 13. Selected <strong>Drug</strong>s <strong>and</strong> Minimum Detection Concentrations † ........................................... 24Table 14. Extraction Efficiency <strong>of</strong> Quantisal Oral Fluid Collection Device over a Range <strong>of</strong><strong>Drug</strong>s: Quintela..................................................................................................................... 29Table 15. Extraction Efficiency <strong>of</strong> Quantisal Oral Fluid Collection Device over a Range <strong>of</strong><strong>Drug</strong>s: Moore........................................................................................................................ 29Table 16. <strong>Drug</strong> Questionnaire <strong>Survey</strong> .......................................................................................... 31Table 17. <strong>Drug</strong> Class Composition—Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong> Blood Combined ....................................... 34Table 18. <strong>Drug</strong> Category Composition—Oral Fluid <strong>and</strong> Blood Combined ................................. 35Table 19. <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day (Oral Fluid)............................................................. 38Table 20. <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day/Session (Oral Fluid)................................................ 38Table 21. <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day <strong>and</strong> Region (Oral Fluid).......................................... 39Table 22. <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day <strong>and</strong> Gender (Oral Fluid) ......................................... 39Table 23. <strong>Drug</strong> Prevalence <strong>by</strong> Time <strong>of</strong> Day <strong>and</strong> Age (Oral Fluid)............................................... 40vi

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!