2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsTable 42. BAC Among Drug-Positive Drivers by Number of Drug Classes and Time of Day(Percentages Calculated by Row) (Oral Fluid)Time of DayDaytimeNighttimeBAC (g/dL)Number of Drug NBetweenClasses (Unweighted) Zero Zero and .08 .08+1 206 98.0% 1.6% 0.4%2+ 40 99.5% 0.5% 0.0%Overall Daytime 246 98.2% 1.4% 0.3%1 680 80.1% 14.7% 5.2%2+ 156 82.0% 17.0% 1.0%Overall Nighttime 836 80.5% 15.0% 4.5%In this table, percentages are weighted.When oral fluid drug category findings were combined with BAC results we found that, in boththe daytime and nighttime samples, the drug-positive drivers who were also alcohol-positivewere more likely to be positive for “Illegal” drugs than “Medications” (Table 43). This wasparticularly true in the nighttime sample, in which 17.3 percent had BACs between zero and .08(compared to 6.3% in the “Medications” category) and 5.7 percent had BACs greater than .08(compared to 1.2% in the “Medications” category) (p < .01). In the daytime sample, however, thedifferences were statistically non-significant (p value = .05).Table 43. BAC Among Drug-Positive Drivers by Drug Category and Time of Day (Oral Fluid)BAC (g/dL)Time ofNBetweenDay Drug Category (Unweighted) Zero Zero and .08 .08+Illegal 125 97.1% 2.3% 0.6%Daytime Medications 107 99.6% 0.4% 0.0%Illegal & Medications 14 98.3% 1.7% 0.0%Negative 1,604 99.2% 0.6% 0.2%Illegal 575 77.0% 17.3% 5.7%Nighttime Medications 199 92.5% 6.3% 1.2%Illegal & Medications 60 81.4% 17.7% 0.9%Negative 5,033 90.2% 8.1% 1.7%“Medications” includes prescription and over-the-counter drugs.In this table, percentages are weighted.Table 44 presents the findings by drug category, age, and time of day. Due to the number ofgroupings (and thus, relatively small sample sizes in included cells), caution should be exercisedin the interpretation of the findings, especially among the daytime driving sample. Overall,among the nighttime driving sample, the high alcohol-positive drivers (i.e., drivers registeringgreater than .08 BAC g/dL) tested positive for drugs in the “Illegal” category more frequentlythan “Medications” across all age groups except 65+ (an age group producing a very smallsample size for drug positives). Further, the same pattern emerged among drivers with BACs56
2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug Resultsbetween zero and .08 across all age groups, except for the age category 45-64, where a highproportion of drivers tested positive for both “Illegal and Medications.”Table 44. BAC of Drivers by Drug Category, Age, and Time of Day (Oral Fluid)BAC (g/dL)Time ofNBetweenDay Age Drug Category (Unweighted) Zero Zero and .08 .08+Illegal 9 86.1% 0.0% 13.9%Medications 2 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%16-20 Illegal & Medications 0 NA NA NANegative 88 99.3% 0.7% 0.0%Overall 99 98.7% 0.7% 0.6%Illegal 54 95.7% 4.3% 0.0%Medications 14 93.2% 6.8% 0.0%21-34 Illegal & Medications 4 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%Negative 364 99.4% 0.5% 0.1%Overall 436 99.0% 1.0% 0.1%Illegal 25 98.6% 1.4% 0.0%Medications 23 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%Daytime 35-44 Illegal & Medications 3 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%Negative 323 99.1% 0.7% 0.2%Overall 374 99.1% 0.7% 0.1%Illegal 32 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%Medications 51 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%45-64 Illegal & Medications 7 95.8% 4.2% 0.0%Negative 578 98.7% 0.9% 0.4%Overall 668 98.9% 0.8% 0.3%Illegal 3 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%Medications 17 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%65+Illegal & Medications 0 NA NA NANegative 225 99.8% 0.1% 0.1%Overall 245 99.8% 0.1% 0.1%NighttimeIllegal 120 83.9% 12.1% 4.0%Medications 11 100.0% 0.0% 0.0%16-20Illegal & Medications 12 99.0% 1.0% 0.0%Negative 818 94.4% 5.1% 0.5%Overall 961 93.1% 5.9% 1.0%Illegal 308 73.6% 20.4% 6.1%Medications 55 80.9% 17.0% 2.1%21-34 Illegal & Medications 28 84.6% 15.4% 0.0%Negative 2,045 87.8% 9.8% 2.4%Overall 2,436 85.6% 11.5% 2.9%Illegal 82 77.7% 15.9% 6.4%Medications 57 98.5% 0.4% 1.1%35-44 Illegal & Medications 11 92.7% 7.3% 0.0%Negative 892 91.9% 6.7% 1.4%Overall 1,042 91.3% 7.0% 1.7%57
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DOT HS 811 249December 2009
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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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