2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsTable 35. Drug Categories Distribution by Time of Day and Region (Oral Fluid)Time Region Drug CategoryN(Unweighted)%(Weighted)Illegal 38 4.2%Medications 47 6.7%MidwestIllegal & Medications 5 0.5%Negative 456 88.5%Overall 546 100.0%Illegal 20 4.9%Medications 20 7.5%NortheastIllegal & Medications 2 0.1%Negative 337 87.5%DaytimeOverall 379 100.0%Illegal 35 8.2%Medications 22 4.6%South Illegal & Medications 5 0.3%Negative 410 86.9%Overall 472 100.0%Illegal 32 6.3%Medications 18 2.0%West Illegal & Medications 2 0.7%Negative 401 91.1%Overall 453 100.0%Illegal 185 11.5%Medications 68 3.0%Midwest Illegal & Medications 14 0.4%Negative 1,427 85.0%Overall 1,694 100.0%Illegal 112 10.8%Medications 32 4.2%Northeast Illegal & Medications 14 2.3%Negative 953 82.7%NighttimeOverall 1,111 100.0%Illegal 131 10.2%Medications 59 2.5%South Illegal & Medications 22 1.3%Negative 1,347 86.0%Overall 1,559 100.0%Illegal 147 9.8%Medications 42 2.6%West Illegal & Medications 10 0.5%Negative 1,306 87.1%Overall 1,505 100.0%“Medications” includes prescription and over-the-counter drugs.50
2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsWhen examining prevalence by drug category and gender (Table 36), we found that, in thedaytime sample, male drivers were more likely to test positive for “Illegal” drugs (8.2%) thanfemale drivers (3.0%) (p < .01). Conversely, daytime female drivers were more likely to showpositive results for “Medications” (7.6%) than daytime male drivers (2.5%) (p < .01). In thenighttime sample, 12.5 percent of male drivers tested positive for “Illegal” drugs, as opposed to7.5 percent of female drivers (p < .01). The difference in percentage of positive results for“Medications” between male and female drivers was not as striking in the nighttime sample as inthe daytime sample and was not statistically significant.Table 36. Drug Categories Distribution by Time of Day and Gender (Oral Fluid)Time of Day Gender Drug CategoryN(Unweighted)%(Weighted)Illegal 87 8.2%Medications 35 2.5%MaleIllegal & Medications 9 0.3%Negative 901 89.0%DaytimeOverall 1,032 100.0%Illegal 38 3.0%Medications 72 7.6%FemaleIllegal & Medications 5 0.6%Negative 696 88.7%Overall 811 100.0%Illegal 410 12.5%Medications 106 2.8%MaleIllegal & Medications 41 1.1%Negative 3,048 83.5%NighttimeOverall 3,605 100.0%Illegal 164 7.5%Medications 95 3.3%FemaleIllegal & Medications 19 0.5%Negative 1,972 88.7%Overall 2,250 100.0%“Medications” includes prescription and over-the-counter drugs.In this table, percentages are weighted.In comparing drug categories by time of day and age (Table 37), it was clear that, within thedaytime sample, “Illegal” drug use was highest for drivers aged 21-34 (9.9%) followed bydrivers aged 35-44 (6.5%). The prevalence of “Illegal” drugs for these age groups differedsignificantly from that in the remaining age groups (p < .01). In the nighttime sample, drivers inthe 21-34 year age group still maintained the highest percentage (14.2%) of positive results for“Illegal” drugs; however, that group was followed by the youngest age group (16-20 years) for“Illegal” drugs (13.1%) (p < .01). The use of “Medications” was highest among the 45-64 yearage group (8.8%) in the daytime sample (non-significant), and in the 35-44 year old age groupthe nighttime sample (6.9%) (p < .01).51
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DOT HS 811 249December 2009
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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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