2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsTable 28. Drug Prevalence by Vehicle Type (Oral Fluid)Time ofDayDaytimeNighttimeVehicle TypeN(Unweighted)% DrugPositive(Weighted)Passenger Vehicle 952 12.1%Pickup 285 6.6%SUV 394 9.7%Van & Minivan 177 12.6%Motorcycle 30 24.8%Overall Daytime 1,838 11.0%Passenger Vehicle 3,623 15.1%Pickup 695 14.4%SUV 1055 12.1%Van & Minivan 381 13.0%Motorcycle 73 32.4%Overall Nighttime 5,827 14.5%Driver Drug Use Prevalence by Drug Class Based on Oral Fluid ResultsIn this section of the report, we display driver drug use prevalence by class of drug. The classesof drugs for which we tested were: antidepressants, marijuana, narcotic-analgesics, sedatives,stimulants, and other (see Table 17). Because some drivers tested positive for drugs in more thanone class, an additional, mutually exclusive category “More than 1 Class” appears in the drugclass tables. This was done to avoid double counting individual positive results. Thus, forexample, since marijuana is both a class by itself and could appear in the “More than 1 class”cell as well (as could other classes of drugs) from these tables one cannot arrive at an overallprevalence estimate for marijuana alone. Detailed summaries of prevalence estimates forindividual drugs appear in Tables 137-140 later in the report.Drug ClassComparison of drug classes by time of day (Table 29) indicated that, when examining all drivers,nighttime drivers were significantly more likely to test positive for more than one drug class(2.3%) than daytime drivers (1.5%) (p < .01).Table 29. Number and Distribution of Drug Classes by Time of Day (Oral Fluid)Time of DayDaytimeNighttimeNumber ofDrug ClassesN(Unweighted)%(Weighted)1 206 9.5%2+ 40 1.5%Negative 1,604 89.0%Overall Daytime 1,850 100.0%1 680 12.1%2+ 156 2.3%Negative 5,033 85.6%Overall Nighttime 5,869 100.0%44
2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsHowever, when examining only drug-positive drivers (Table 30), there were no significantdifferences between daytime and nighttime drivers in the percentage of single-drug users(86.2% vs. 83.7%) or multi-drug users (13.8% vs. 16.3%).Table 30. Number and Distribution of Drug Classes by Time of Day(Drug Positives Only) (Oral Fluid)Time of DayDaytimeNighttimeNumber ofDrug ClassesN(Unweighted)%(Weighted)1 206 86.2%2+ 40 13.8%Overall Daytime 246 100.0%1 680 83.7%2+ 156 16.3%Overall Nighttime 836 100.0%In comparing prevalence of drug classes by time and region (Table 31), it was found thatmarijuana was generally the most common drug class across all the regions both in daytime(3.9%) and nighttime (6.1%) samples. Nighttime drivers in the Midwest and Northeast regionswere more likely to test positive for marijuana than daytime drivers (p < .05). However,marijuana results in the South and West regions did not differ between daytime and nighttimedrivers. For stimulants, a higher percentage of nighttime drivers in all regions tested positivethan did daytime drivers. However, the difference was statistically significant only in theMidwest (p < .01) and West (p < .05).45
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DOT HS 811 249December 2009
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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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