2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsTable 82. NA, AA and Drug Categories, Nighttime (Oral Fluid): “During the past 12 months, haveyou received treatment for your drug or alcohol use in a self-help group such as AA or NA?”N(Unwtd)%Illegal(Weighted)%Medications(Weighted)% Illegal &Medications(Weighted)%Negative(Weighted)Yes 107 14.9% 3.0% 0.4% 81.7%No 5,587 10.5% 3.1% 0.9% 85.5%Total 5,694 10.6% 3.1% 0.9% 85.4%Blood Results (Nighttime Samples)Driver Drug Use Prevalence Based on Blood ResultsThis section of the report presents the overall results of blood analyses for all of the drugsindicated in the introductory section of this report. Blood samples were collected in addition tooral fluid samples because, typically, blood analyses are considered the “gold standard ”and isthe more established technique for gathering information on drugs and their metabolites, as oralfluid analyses are a more recently developed technique. As expected, the results between theoral fluid and blood results are very similar. These blood results are presented to provide morecomplete results from our data analyses for those who are interested in seeing the results fromboth approaches.If a driver tested positive for one or more of the drugs for which we tested in blood, s/he wascategorized as drug positive. Note that blood samples were only collected in the nighttime, andthat more drivers provided oral fluid samples than blood samples.About 14 percent of the 3,276 nighttime drivers who provided blood samples were drug-positive(Table 83).Table 83. Drug Prevalence by Time of Day (Blood)Time of DayN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)Daytime NA NANighttime 3,276 13.8%NA = “Not Applicable”Comparison of drug prevalence by session (Table 84) revealed that late-night (Sessions 3 and 5)drivers were significantly more likely to be drug-positive (17.9% and 16.8% respectively), asopposed to the earlier nighttime (Sessions 2 and 4) drivers (13.6% and 11.1% respectively)(p < .01).76
2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug ResultsTable 84. Drug Prevalence by Session (Blood)N% Drug PositiveSession(Unweighted) (Weighted)2: Friday, 10:00 p.m. – Midnight 857 13.6%3: Friday, 1:00 a.m. – 3:00 a.m. 743 17.9%4: Saturday, 10:00 p.m. – Midnight 986 11.1%5: Saturday, 1:00 a.m. – 3:00 a.m. 690 16.8%Although the Northeast region had the greatest percentage of drug-positive findings in thenighttime driving sample (Table 85), such differences were not statistically significant. Thus, noclear pattern of drug prevalence by region emerged from the blood sample results.Table 85. Drug Prevalence by Region (Blood)RegionN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)Midwest 971 14.0%Northeast 584 14.5%South 862 13.4%West 859 13.5%Overall 3,276 13.8%Comparison of blood samples by gender (Table 86) revealed that male drivers were more likelyto be drug-positive (14.5%) than female drivers (13.0%); however, such differences were notstatistically significant.Table 86. Drug Prevalence by Gender (Blood)GenderN(Unweighted)% Drug Positive(Weighted)Males 1,992 14.5%Females 1,278 13.0%Overall 3,270 13.9%When examining drug prevalence by age, the prevalence of drug-positives was higher amongyoung drivers (Table 87). Drivers aged 16-20 years showed a significantly higher prevalencethan drivers aged 21-34 years and drivers aged 35-44 years (p < .01). Drivers aged 35-44, 45-64,and 65+ were significantly less likely to be drug positive than drivers in the combined age rangeof 16 to 34 years old (p < .01).77
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DOT HS 811 249December 2009
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2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers

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