North Carol<strong>in</strong>a State University, 85 padaroes, padaroles, paddyrollers,"'"'ZNorth Charleston, South Carol<strong>in</strong>a, 116 patterolers. See slave patrols <strong>and</strong> UMNorthern Irel<strong>and</strong>, <strong>and</strong> Frank Kitson, city guards 152; <strong>and</strong> popular justice, 231- Pakistan-<strong>America</strong>n Friendship233, 298n.38, 299n.56, 299n.58, League, 162299n.59, 299n.67, 299n.69, 299n.72, Palmer Raids, 171, 173, 191300n.75, 300n.76, 301n.89. See also Palmer, A. Mitchell, 154<strong>Blue</strong> Book; Community RestorativeJustice (CRJ); Irish RepublicanArmy (IRA)Notre Dame University, 155panh<strong>and</strong>lers <strong>and</strong> panh<strong>and</strong>l<strong>in</strong>g. Seehomelessness <strong>and</strong> vagrancyPanthers. See Black Panther Party forSelf DefenseNovick, Michael, 101 Pape, Hubert, 94O'Connor, Timothy J., 131O'Neal, William, 159Oakl<strong>and</strong>, California, 100, 122, 158-159, 169, 213, 271n.93, 277n.41,280n.126, 283n.15, 285n.59Oaks, Louis D., 91Odom, Georgia, 163Ohio, 191. See also <strong>in</strong>dividual citiesOhio State University, 185Oliver, Melv<strong>in</strong>, 5Olsen, Carol<strong>in</strong>e, 159Olsen, Charles, 114Omar, Hady Hassan, 174100 Blacks <strong>in</strong> Law EnforcementWho Care, 87One <strong>Police</strong> Plaza (New York, NewYork) , 205Operation Cul-de-Sac, 209, 292n.83Operation Glazier, 214Operation Hammer, 88Operation Juggernaut, 220, 295n.157Operation No Case, 124Operation Pipel<strong>in</strong>e, 83Operation Ready-Rock, 88Operation TIPS, 281n.153Orangeburg, South Carol<strong>in</strong>a, 185order-ma<strong>in</strong>tenance polic<strong>in</strong>g. Seezero-tolerance, quality-of-life, <strong>and</strong>order-ma<strong>in</strong>tenance polic<strong>in</strong>gOregon, 265n.55. See also <strong>in</strong>divi-dual citiesOrwell, George, 105Osburn, Jeff, 266n.86Ostrow, Ron, 202paramilitary police units. See policeparamilitary unitsParent-Teacher Association (PTA) , 155Parenti, Christian, 214, 287n.117,295n.141Paris, France, 72, 186Parish of St. Philip, South Carol<strong>in</strong>a, 46Parker Center (Los Angeles, Califor-nia), 205Parker, William H., 83-85, 205, 208,256n.46, 257n.50Parliament (Engl<strong>and</strong>), 33, 72Parsell, Carl, 123-124, 268n.19Parsons, Albert, 150, 151Paterson, New Jersey, 186Patriot Act, 171-172Patriot Party, 229Patrolman's Benevolent Associations(PBAs) , 86, 121-124, 135-136,138, 268n.45, 272n.128, 272n.139,275n.167Paul, Jay, 165Peace <strong>and</strong> Justice Works Iraq Aff<strong>in</strong>ityGroup, 169peace corps polic<strong>in</strong>g, 204, 218, 220Peace Moratorium March (November15, 1969), 191Peden, Rryant, 256n.29Peel, Robert, 32-33, 63, 245n.41,245n.42Pendleton, South Carol<strong>in</strong>a, 43Pennsylvania. See <strong>in</strong>dividual citiesPennsylvania State Constabulary,108-110335
:>< Pennsylvania State Federation of 242n.121; emergence of the mod-Q Labor, 109 ern <strong>in</strong>stitution, 2, 27-30, 45-53,Z- Pennsylvania Supreme Court, 263n.17 55-76, 82, 105, 106, 140, 148, 205,Pennypacker, Samuel, 108Pentagon, 20, 188, 196, 231, 239,244n.15, 245n.47, 246n.65, 249n.155,249n.175, 250n.194, 250n.206; social319n.153, 328n.61. See also United function of, 1-2, 9, 17, 24-25, 66-67,States Department of Defense 83-84, 97, 100, 102, 103, 118-119,People Aga<strong>in</strong>st Racist Te rror, 101 121, 127, 133, 141, 144-146, 148,People for the Ethical Treatment ofAnimals (PETA) , 172People's Courts. See NorthernIrel<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> popular justice; SouthAfrica <strong>and</strong> popular justicePeoria, Ill<strong>in</strong>ois, 159Percy, Charles, 156203, 242n.100, 242n.101, 253n.90,256n.32, 263n.191, 264n.28,Perry, Albert E., 297n.23 tice report), 14273n.144, 274n.152, 296n.7. See entryfor relevant city or geographical areafor specific agencies or departments."<strong>Police</strong> Attitudes Toward Abuse ofAuthority" (National Institute ofJus-Peters, Andrew, 267n.14 police autonomy, 2, 121, 126, 128, 132,Petty (New York <strong>Police</strong> officer) , 52 133-134, 135, 140, 141-143, 145,Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 18, 55,146, 147, 205, 207, 209, 222, 270n.64,60-62, 63, 71, 72, 73, 96, 98, 106, 272n.105, 275n.174110, 113. 135, 157-158, 163, 164, 170, police brutality, def<strong>in</strong>itions of, 4, 9-11;180, 192, 214, 243n.128, 248n.142, explanations of, 8-9, 16-18, 143-144,252n.49, 252n.50, 271n.93Philadelphia, Mississippi, 96, 98Physicians for Social Responsi-bility, 162Piatanesi, Tom, 168Pir('adilly (T ondon, Fngl<strong>and</strong>), 32Pierce, Walter, 91P<strong>in</strong>kerton Detective Agency, 107-108,145, 178-179, 240n.82, 241n.85,241n.86, 241n.87, 241n.88, 241n.90,241n.91, 241n.93, 241n.94, 242n.98,242n.123, 243n.128, 243n.132,254n.124, 258n.78; <strong>in</strong>stitutional-ization of, 21-24, 236, 242n.103,242n.124, 243n.125, 243n.126,243n.127, 243n.128, 243n.137,118, 153, 263n.17 244n.141, 246n.56, 274n.156; method-P<strong>in</strong>ochet, Augusto, 147 ological barriers to study<strong>in</strong>g, 9-12,Piper, C. Erw<strong>in</strong>, 136239n.53, 239n.57, 239n.58, 239n.63;Piper, Robert, 159 statistics, 12-13, 13-15, 102, 214,Pitman Construction Company, 112Pitman, Ernest W. , 112215, 239n.53, 239n.58, 239n.60,239n.62, 239n.63, 240n.67, 240n.68,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 180 240n.75, 240n.77, 242n.121Plant, Thomas G., 116 <strong>Police</strong> Executive Research Forum, 204police, characteristics of polic<strong>in</strong>g, 9, <strong>Police</strong> for Epton, 10128-29, 212; characteristics of the <strong>Police</strong> Foundation, 204modern <strong>in</strong>stitution, 2, 27-30, 32-33, <strong>Police</strong> Officer's Guild, 13435, 221, 258.79, 262n.2, 262n.4, police paramilitary units, 79, 88, 163,262n.6, 262n.13, 262n.15; class 198, 199-200, 201, 215, 218, 219,status of, 137-138, 142, 273n.143,273n.144, 274n.145, 274n.147,220-221, 235, 237n.6, 287n.120,287n.124, 288n.1O, 288n.20, 288n.25,274n.148, 274n.152, 274n.153, 289n.35, 294n.129, 295n.146275n.164; dangers of the job, 18-21,336
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WITH A NEW INTRODUCTION BY•J O YJ
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(e) 2007 by Kristian WilliamsIntrod
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acknowledgmentsBOOKS DO Nar WRITE T
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ZSugE-
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forewordPOLICE AND POWER IN AMERICA
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1POLICE BRUTALITY IN THEORY AND PRA
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copter. Of these, ten Los Angeles P
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way of understanding the lives led
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vidual officer, perhaps it leads us
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given incident, while excessive use
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The difficulties in measuring exces
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up, a very large number of citizens
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(5) Unintentionality."[0 lffi cers
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Between 1995 and 2000, 360 cops wer
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emember that the available statisti
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even be supported by the lieutenant
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standing of those with power-those
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specialized function, and professio
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TIlere is a further advantage to th
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and frequently drunk.In 1727,Joseph
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the town, preparing elections, impr
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In fact, the first major reform of
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of personal honor. No White man sho
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stopping slaves whenever they were
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Charleston formed a City Guard in 1
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civil rather than military activity
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and Watch. This body was responsibl
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t::Uviolence, the committee argued,
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ity by policemen, dismissing thirte
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Political corruption was not new to
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3THE GENESIS OF A POLICED SOCIETYIN
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first moment, the importance of pol
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deals could be quite profitable for
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suppressing such riots. Not that th
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influence in wards where popular su
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delphia, investigated vegetable mar
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quo (that is, to protect the intere
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To the degree that industrializatio
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This analysis does not solve the pr
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well. 1I3 A more telling difference
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down. TIlls breakdown was in each c
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4COPS AND KLAN, HAND IN HANDAND THE
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tom .... A door opens outward on th
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very much like their previous statu
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tious driving, the model of the car
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statistics tell us that police arre
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fits the unit's established modus o
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Police investigators later document
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And let's not forget the enormous r
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area: they would pull up in a squad
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The Klan would meet the bus at the
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___ stoppedin terms of what the Fre
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SELMA, ALABAMA: BLOODY SUNDAYViolen
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point. The Panthers personified eve
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were killed, and ten other people w
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5THE NATURAL ENEMY OF THE WO RKING
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The practices surrounding the enfor
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lar officer's ties to the local com
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monopoly on it. Despite the continu
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troops, fifty cops from the Metropo
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and filled it with tear gas. As the
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Nine workers were arrested, charged
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the courts, and the police could be
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all health and well-being. The main
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ment retaliation, and a formal grie
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In 1912, Herman Rosenthal, a profes
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leadership. Increasingly, the polic
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struggle for status in urban Americ
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than before. But the main effect of
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The police also returned to open el
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policy. Henry Wise, the lawyer for
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the power and rewards of the upper
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found the FOP was sympathetic enoug
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whereas even the rookie patrolman s
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This process then results in a tran
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class. The police rebellion came wh
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is an obvious threat to democracy.T
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speeches, but as the evening wore o
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The Haymarket tragedy ... marked th
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154The role of the red squads furth
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Democratic Convention, and later go
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tion. Bail would be set at astronom
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tapped, then admitted that it was b
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Department's Inspectional Service D
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dissenting group, representing rela
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instructions on infiltrating and di
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convention," was scheduled to coinc
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170supposed to do that."1Z7 Another
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terrorism that covers virtually all
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In a typical case, Hady Hassan Omar
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a threat had already developed. The
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For most of that day, the police we
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the McCartby reportas a "crude and
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practical consequence of the Show o
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Such force took different forms. So
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at Rockefeller Center. Jeff Jones,
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On the tactical level, Stark notes:
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sion and brutal tactics is dangerou
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PLAYING BY THE RULESThe Negotiated
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f-;Cl.But the city council's perspe
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formalizes the strategy of violence
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Militarization ... can be defined i
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The nationwide craze for SWAT teams
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a--institution into believing that
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tiUCommon features seemed to connec
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are not difficult to discern. Mispl
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Community policing does not imply t
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.. Narcotics En forcement Area" sig
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one to the other) . lther than inve
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tubetter terms with the community o
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center . . .. I don't think there's
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urglaries"; "Biber, tell me about t
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Of course, many community policing
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in a long series of institutional s
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Rodney Stark writes, "It is vulgar
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the name of "gang suppression."I.1
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228ed civil rights workers through
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the elderly and unemployed.40 Meanw
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these clumsy efforts. All this occu
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It is tempting to try to distinguis
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sion. Underlying the search for jus
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0-'Ilr)[/)'"-l()et::01516[/) 17'"-l
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'"'i'..".,..-
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98 This grotesque overstatement ori
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140 \X'illiam Chambliss explains th
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-.0MIMMrn'"-10I¥0rn'"-1E-
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tr)"1"I.."1"rJ)00rJ)E-
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lI'1I0'"1'rJJCjg;(;:G0r...rJJb0Z18'
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252Chicago offering one of the few
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'-0l"-I..I"-rJJ>..
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..,..00I000
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o'"I0000rJlWc..?c.::o'""'rJlWf-;ozG
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M0,...I00,...rJJC)0rJJ1-
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2D Quoted in DonnC1", I'rotectors o
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00.-
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lr)N...INN...VJC)g;0VJE-03132333435
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00N'I
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U')
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274145 Braverman offers a clear des
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Dominance," 17.176 Smith concurs: "
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46 Ford Fessenden and Michael Moss,
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...t--...I00...c...CFJ00::0]:.l;.CF
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U"\..I
- Page 301 and 302: 1 Eugene L Leach, "The Litcratllre
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- Page 305 and 306: 00N100a--,...(J)C)0>0-(J)E-
- Page 307 and 308: (:ommunity Policing," in Victor E.
- Page 309 and 310: the United Statf>" (Pittsburgh: Uni
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- Page 313 and 314: 1'5olire (Berkeley, CA: Center for
- Page 315 and 316: and oppressed people suffer. The Pa
- Page 317 and 318: 70 J\kl:voy and Mik,l, "Republican
- Page 320 and 321: selected bibliographyI HAVE TRIED T
- Page 322 and 323: This is the most readable of the hi
- Page 324 and 325: INSTITUTIONALIZED BRUTALITY AND POL
- Page 326 and 327: Six Sociological Essays, edited by
- Page 328 and 329: Smith, Bruce. Police Systems in the
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- Page 332 and 333: This collection features studies of
- Page 334 and 335: Policing Consortium. NCJ 148457. Au
- Page 336: Mika, Harry and Kieran McEvoy. "Res
- Page 339 and 340: Andrews, Avery D., 288n.4Anthracite
- Page 341 and 342: ...>< California Supreme Court, 291
- Page 343 and 344: Constables of the Commonwealth(Mass
- Page 345 and 346: Ettor, Joseph, 112-113Everett cotto
- Page 347 and 348: homelessness and vagrancy (cont.)Se
- Page 349 and 350: ...X "Letter from Harlem." See "Fif
- Page 351: National Commission on the Causesan
- Page 355 and 356: prostitution (ca nt.)See also broke
- Page 357 and 358: X Scranton Commission (President's
- Page 359 and 360: :>< Ta mmany Hall, 51, 52, 55, 250n
- Page 361 and 362: Weisburd, David, 243n.137Weiss, The
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