Natural Resources and Violent Conflict - WaterWiki.net

398 indexPolicy recommendations for resourcerevenue reporting: coordinatinghome-country reporting rules forinternational oil companies,79–81; issuing credible andpublicly available estimates ofhost-country revenues, 81–82;making government transparencya condition of receiving certainbenefits, 79; technical assistance tohost governments, 78–79Political and legal context ofregulations contextual considerationof CTRs: description, 101–2;lack of government transparency,governance failures, andcorruption, 141–43; WorldTrade Organization implications,143–45Political Risks Services: country-levelpolitical risks, 310Poverty: civil war role, 20–22Premier Oil: audit of programs inMyanmar, 343; example of socialawareness of junior companies,300–301; plans to withdraw fromMyanmar, 327; risk policy, 298;withdrawal from Myanmar,341, 342–43Preventive diplomacy: andsecessionist movements, 29Price shocks: and the agriculturalsector, 354; combination ofsolutions for least developedcountries, 365; common point ofsolutions to, 365; compensatoryfinancing, 358–59; and theCotonou agreement, 359–60, 365;debt service adjustment, 361–62;and exchange rate flexibility,360–61; and forwardmarkets, 358;guarantees in exchange forcommitment to rules, 361;inadequacy of solutions adopted,356–60; increase in magnitudeof, 353; and insurancemechanisms, 363–65; andinternational agreements, 356–57;and international aid, 355;international community’stemptation to skirt the issue, 360;and macroeconomic and sectoralsupport, 363–64; macroeconomicimplications, 355; marketingboards, 357; microeconomiceffects, 354, 355; and nationalizationof foreign oil and mineralsfirms, 36 n6; negative effects ofexport instability on growth, 354;options available to theinternational community, 360–65;positive and negative price shocksin succession, 355; positive priceshocks, 355; price instability linkto political instability, 355; andpublic investment, 354–55;reasons for dampening, 354–56;reduction of exposure to, 9–11,22, 24; special fund for leastdeveloped countries, 362–63;Stabex, 358–59; stabilizationfunds, 357; and taxes onagriculture, 357, 363; temporaryor permanent, 355–56PriceWaterhouseCoopers: surveyof mining companies, 293,295, 296Private sector seal initiatives:description, 172; InternationalChamber of Commerce Rules ofConduct, 186; Wolfsberg Group,186–89PTT Exploration and Production:activities in Myanmar, 341Publish What You Pay campaign:aims of, 265, 307; and collectiveaction, 307; description, 26, 75;focus of, 50–51; front-enddocumentation of commoditytransactions, 190; and GlobalWitness, 50–51, 75–76, 181; andoil industry, 180–81; potentialstrengths and weaknesses, 77;recent governance problems