Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

Table 4.5Number of reporting countries using various versions of HS codesReporting Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000Numberof reportingcountriesHS 2007 102 111 - - - - - - -HS 2002 138 144 144 142 129 110 92 - -HS 1996 147 157 163 166 163 162 158 154 1444UNCTAD model for creative economytrade statisticsBy summarizing the findings of this comparisonstudy, UNCTAD proposes its revised andmore appropriated structure for creative economytrade statistics in table 4.6.■■■■■■Source: UN COMTRADE databaseThe framework consists of two parts: (1) creativeindustries, which includes all creative goods andcreative services, and (2) related industries, whichincludes all related goods, computer and informationservices and royalties and license fees.Data for international trade of creative goodsand related goods were extracted from the UN-COMTRADE database using the HarmonizedSystem (HS) classification, version 2002.Total codes of creative goods after refinement: allcreative goods, 211 codes; art crafts, 60 codes;audiovisuals, 2 codes; design, 102 codes; newmedia, 8 codes; performing arts, 7 codes;publishing, 15 codes; visual arts, 17 codes.Total codes of related goods after refinement: allrelated goods, 170 codes; audiovisuals, 42 codes;design, 35 codes; new media, 5 codes; performingarts, 28 codes; publishing, 11 codes; visualarts, 49 codes.Data on creative services were extracted from theIMF Balance of Payments Statistics using BPM5and EBOPS codes.The categories of services that will be included in all creativeservices are: advertising, market research and public opinionservices, architectural, engineering and other technical services,research and development services and personal, culturaland recreational services. Audio visual services and other culturaland recreational services are sub-groups of personal,cultural and recreational services.Table 4.6■UNCTAD model for creative economytrade statistics1. Creative industries – all creative goods and creative servicesDomainHeritageArtsMediaFunctional creationSubgroupArt crafts goodsOther personal, cultural and recreational servicesPerforming arts goodsVisual arts goodsPublishing goodsAudio visual goodsAudio visuals and related servicesDesign goodsNew media goodsAdvertising, market research and public opinion servicesResearch and development servicesArchitectural, engineering and other technical servicesPersonal, cultural and recreational services2. Related industries – all related goods and computer servicesDomainSubgroupArtsRelated performing arts goodsRelated visual arts goodsMediaRelated publishing goodsRelated audio visual goodsFunctional creation Related design goodsRelated new media goodsComputer and information servicesRoyalties and license feesSource: UNCTADTrade data for related creative goods are presented only ascomplementary information but are not included in thetotals of creative goods. The related industries constitutea relevant tool for the analysis of current and futuredemand, since they are fully dependent on creative contentfor their own existence. However, these industries donot meet the definition criteria adopted by UNCTAD forcreative goods.Towards an evidence-based assessment of the creative economyCREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010115