Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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Abbreviations and acronymsAbbreviations and acronymsACP African, Caribbean and PacificANCOM Andean Common MarketAPEC Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationAPTA Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (former Bangkok Agreement)ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian NationsBOP Balance of paymentsBSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation OrganizationCACM Central American Common MarketCAFTA Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade AgreementCARICOM Caribbean CommunityCDCompact discc.i.f.Cost, insurance and freightCISCommonwealth of Independent StatesCOMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (formerly PTA)COMTRADE Commodity Trade Statistics DatabaseCSA Cultural Satellite AccountDAC Development Assistance Committee (of OECD)DCMS Department of Culture, Media and SportDVD Digital versatile disc (formerly digital videodisc)EBOPS Extended Balance of Payments Services ClassificationECCAS Economic Community of Central African StatesECE Economic Commission for EuropeECO Economic Cooperation OrganizationECOWAS Economic Community of West African StatesEFTA European Free Trade AssociationESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the PacificESCWA Economic and Social Commission for Western AsiaEUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European Communitiesexcl.ExcludingFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFDIForeign direct investmentf.o.b. Free on boardFOSS Free and open-source softwareFTA Free trade areaFTAA Free Trade Area of the AmericasG-77 Group of 77GATS General Agreement on Trade in ServicesGATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Tradexxvi CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
GCC Gulf Cooperation CouncilGDP Gross domestic productGNP Gross national productGVA Gross value addedHIPCs Heavily indebted poor countriesIFPIInternational Federation of the Phonographic IndustryILOInternational Labour OrganizationIMF International Monetary FundIOM International Organization for MigrationIPRIntellectual property rightITCInternational Trade CentreITU International Telecommunication UnionLAIA Latin American Integration AssociationLDC Least developed countryMDG Millennium Development GoalMERCOSUR Common Market of the SouthMFN Most-favoured nationMSITS Manual on Statistics of International Trade in ServicesNAFTA North American Free Trade Agreementn.e.s. Not elsewhere specifiedNGO Non-governmental organizationn.i.e.Not included elsewhereNPISHs Non-profit institutions serving householdsODA Official development assistanceOECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECS Organisation of Eastern Caribbean StatesPRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy PaperR&D Research and developmentRMB RenminbiRTA Regional trade agreementSAARC South Asian Association for Regional CooperationSADC Southern African Development CommunitySAM Social accounting matrixSAR Special Administrative RegionSIDS Small island developing StateSITC Standard Industrial Trade ClassificationSMEs Small and medium-sized enterprisesSNA System of National AccountsTFYR The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaTNC Transnational corporationTRIPS Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property RightsUEMOA West African Economic and Monetary UnionUISUNESCO Institute for StatisticsUMA Arab Maghreb UnionUN/DESA/SD United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics DivisionUNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDSCREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010Abbreviations and acronymsxxvii
Page 1 and 2: Файл загружен с http:/
Page 3 and 4: ContentsForeword...................
Page 5 and 6: 3.4.2 Large-scale corporate enterpr
Page 7 and 8: 7. Technology, connectivity and the
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF BOXES1.1 A creative entrepr
Page 11 and 12: 5.9 Creative goods: Exports, by reg
Page 13 and 14: 5.13 Audiovisuals: Exports, by econ
Page 15 and 16: ForewordThe United Nations publishe
Page 17 and 18: AcknowledgementsThe Creative Econom
Page 19 and 20: Scope of this reportThe Creative Ec
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 1 explores evolving concept
Page 23 and 24: Ten key messagesThis policy-oriente
Page 25: IX. In the aftermath of the crisis,
Page 29 and 30: The Creative Economy1PART
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER1Conceptand context of thecr
Page 34 and 35: 1Concept and context of the creativ
Page 40 and 41: 1Box 1.1 continuedA creative entrep
Page 42 and 43: 1Box 1.2 continuedThe creative city
Page 62 and 63: 2The development dimensioneties. Th
Page 64 and 65: Box 2.1South-South sharing of creat
Page 66 and 67: 2The development dimension2.2.3 Soc
Page 68 and 69: 2Box 2.2 continuedBrazilian carniva
Page 70 and 71: Box 2.3Africa Remix: Africa speakin
Page 72 and 73: 2The development dimensionrequire c
Page 74 and 75: 2The development dimensionconcrete
Page 76 and 77:
2The development dimensionreforms,
Page 78 and 79:
2The development dimensionThailand:
Page 80 and 81:
2The development dimensionTurkey: I
Page 82 and 83:
2The development dimensionMinistry.
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2The development dimensionvisual ar
Page 86 and 87:
2The development dimension2.4.5 The
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Box 2.7 continuedBrand Jamaica as t
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2The development dimensionpublisher
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Box 2.8 continuedThe Bolshoi: A sub
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2The development dimension2.5.1 Cre
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2The development dimension■solar
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2The development dimensionBox 2.13E
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72 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
Page 102 and 103:
3.2 Organization of the creative ec
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3Analysing the creative economythat
Page 106 and 107:
3Analysing the creative economyketi
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3Analysing the creative economydiff
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3Analysing the creative economy3.3.
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3Analysing the creative economychai
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3Analysing the creative economygrou
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6766.966.27878.179.7*3940.041.6*363
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3Analysing the creative economyissu
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3Analysing the creative economybeca
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3Analysing the creative economy■
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4Towards an evidence-based assessme
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4.7 The case for a trade model for
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elated to need and comparable. Seco
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4.8.2 Summary comparison of statist
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Table 4.4 continuedCreative service
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■■The same rationale applies to
Page 146 and 147:
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Box 4.1Reality and numbers4Towards
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124 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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5importing countries. It is not yet
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5International trade in creative go
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Chart 5.4a Share of economic groups
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Chart 5.6AlldevelopingeconomiesAsia
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profile their trade performance in
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82.5 per cent in 2002 to 77 per cen
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Trade (GATT) and Article V of the G
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Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts:
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socio-economic growth, performing a
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Tajikistan), underscores the promis
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except in South Africa. Recently st
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from $3.5 billion in 2002 to $7 bil
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India remains the world largest fil
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RadioDespite recent changes in life
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first and second, exporting nearly
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The aim of this report is to sensit
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ative content. Issues relating to m
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tions. The rationale for including
Page 191 and 192:
Table 5.28Chart 5.19(in billions of
Page 193 and 194:
Table 5.30 Related goods: Imports,
Page 195 and 196:
The Role of IntellectualProperty an
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CHAPTER6Therole of intellectual pro
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Box 6.1Design as a key ingredient f
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defined in national legislation. Th
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has developed rapidly over the last
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and made commercially available by
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NO DERIVATIVE WORKSAllows others to
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In 2006, WIPO published National St
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Box 6.4Jewellery: A magic marriage
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ing at least until the first sale o
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tial. The right balance should be f
Page 217 and 218:
CHAPTER7Technology,connectivityand
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m-commerce and m-banking. Mobile te
Page 221 and 222:
Figure 7.4Subscribers per 100 inh.4
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Table 7.2DimensionDigital enablersD
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Table 7.4Rank1234567891011121314151
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IPR rights that may be “re-purpos
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producers; in short, the business m
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Box 7.2 continuedFree and open-sour
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patterns developed by ICTs, rich so
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Promoting the CreativeEconomy for D
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CHAPTER8Policystrategies for the cr
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entirely limited to the major urban
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8.3 The policy processThe process o
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8.4.2 Provision of finance andinves
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they operate and to evaluate the sh
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Box 8.2Alternative Currencies in Br
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Box 8.3 continuedThe Egyptian film
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crisis, the active participation to
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tries to the benefits of growth in
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There is significant evidence that
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■■■the desirability of capaci
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CHAPTER9Theinternational dimensiono
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the issues relating to trade in aud
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Development of the European Commiss
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and bound tariff rates have decline
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and continue negotiations on the Ag
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9.3.4 TRIPS AgreementWith respect t
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9.4 UNESCO cultural-diversity persp
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9.5 WIPO Development AgendaAt the W
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Cooperation has continued to work w
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come obstacles faced by poor commun
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9.8 UNEP: Promoting biodiversity be
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CHAPTER10 Lessons learned and polic
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VI. The creative economy cuts acros
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the creative industries in the Unit
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policymakers, researchers and pract
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Another mechanism to promote South-
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10.3.2 Role of creative entrepreneu
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ReferencesBooks and articlesAcheson
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of Definitions of the Cultural and
Page 297 and 298:
ativity for its management”, in C
Page 299 and 300:
Taylor, Calvin (2006). “Beyond Ad
Page 301 and 302:
Department of Communications, Infor
Page 303 and 304:
PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008). “G
Page 305 and 306:
______(2004). São Paulo Consensus:
Page 307 and 308:
The 2009 UNESCO Framework for Cultu
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Statistical Annex
Page 311 and 312:
Explanatory notes (continued)Art cr
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Explanatory notes (continued)Obviou
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Explanatory notes (continued)EBOPSE
Page 317 and 318:
Country Profile: Argentina (continu
Page 319 and 320:
Country Profile: Argentina (continu
Page 321 and 322:
Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 323 and 324:
Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
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Distribution of developing economie
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Distribution of developed economies
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Distribution of economies by trade
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TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
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TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesAsiaE
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TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesEaste
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TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesAsiaE
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TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesEaste
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CREATIVE GOODS: EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
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EXPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
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IMPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
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EXPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
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IMPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
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EXPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
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IMPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
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EXPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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IMPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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EXPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
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IMPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
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EXPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
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IMPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
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EXPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
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IMPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
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Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE EC
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TABLE3.2.ADeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.2.BDeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.3.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
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TABLE3.3.BIMPORTS (in millions of $
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