Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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Distribution of developing economies by geographical regionand economic grouping (continued)2. E C O N O M I C G R O U P I N GLeast developed countries (LDCs) (50)Year ofinclusion inthe groupYear ofinclusion inthe groupYear ofinclusion inthe groupStatistical annex — Distribution of developing economies by geographical region and economic groupingAfrica and HaitiAngola 1994 Gambia 1975 Niger 1971Benin 1971 Guinea 1971 Rwanda 1971Burkina Faso 1971 Guinea-Bissau 1981 Senegal 2001Burundi 1971 Haiti 1971 Sierra Leone 1982Central African Republic 1975 Lesotho 1971 Somalia 1971Chad 1971 Liberia 1990 Sudan 1971Democratic Republic of the Congo 1991 Madagascar 1991 Togo 1982Djibouti 1982 Malawi 1971 Uganda 1971Equatorial Guinea 1982 Mali 1971 United Republic of Tanzania 1971Eritrea 1994 Mauritania 1986 Zambia 1991Ethiopia 1971 Mozambique 1988AsiaIslandsAfghanistan 1971 Cape Verde 1977 Tuvalu 1986Bangladesh 1975 Comoros 1977 Vanuatu 1985Bhutan 1971 Kiribati 1986Cambodia 1991 Maldives 1971Lao People’s Democratic Republic 1971 Samoa 1971Myanmar 1987 Sao Tome and Principe 1982Nepal 1971 Solomon Islands 1991Yemen 1971 Timor-Leste 2003Small island developing States (SIDS) (29)Antigua and Barbuda Maldives SamoaBahamas Marshall Islands Sao Tome and PrincipeBarbados Mauritius SeychellesCape Verde Micronesia (Federated States of) Solomon IslandsComoros Nauru Timor-LesteDominica Palau TongaFiji Papua New Guinea Trinidad and TobagoGrenada Saint Kitts and Nevis TuvaluJamaica Saint Lucia VanuatuKiribatiSaint Vincent and the Grenadines298 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
Distribution of developed economies and economies in transitionby geographical region1. DEVELOPED ECONOMIESAmericaBermuda Greenland United States of America,Canada Saint Pierre and Miquelon including Puerto RicoAsiaIsraelJapanEuropeAndorra Gibraltar PolandAustria Greece PortugalBelgium Holy See RomaniaBulgaria Hungary San MarinoCyprus Iceland SlovakiaCzech Republic Ireland SloveniaDenmark Italy SpainEstonia Latvia SwedenFaroes Islands Lithuania Switzerland, including LiechtensteinFinland, including Åland Islands Luxembourg United Kingdom of Great BritainFrance, including French Guyana, Malta and Northern Ireland, including ChannelGuadeloupe, Martinique, Netherlands Islands and Isle of ManMonaco and RéunionNorway, including SvalbardGermanyand Jan MayenOceaniaAustralia2. ECONOMIES IN TRANSITIONNew ZealandAsiaArmenia Kazakhstan TurkmenistanAzerbaijan Kyrgyzstan UzbekistanGeorgiaTajikistanEuropeAlbania Croatia Serbia and MontenegroBelarus Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of) UkraineBosnia and HerzegovinaMoldovaRussian FederationCREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010Statistical annex — Distribution of developed economies and economies in transition by geographical region299
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ContentsForeword...................
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3.4.2 Large-scale corporate enterpr
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7. Technology, connectivity and the
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LIST OF BOXES1.1 A creative entrepr
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5.9 Creative goods: Exports, by reg
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5.13 Audiovisuals: Exports, by econ
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ForewordThe United Nations publishe
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AcknowledgementsThe Creative Econom
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Scope of this reportThe Creative Ec
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Chapter 1 explores evolving concept
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Ten key messagesThis policy-oriente
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IX. In the aftermath of the crisis,
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GCC Gulf Cooperation CouncilGDP Gro
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The Creative Economy1PART
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CHAPTER1Conceptand context of thecr
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1Concept and context of the creativ
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1Box 1.1 continuedA creative entrep
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1Box 1.2 continuedThe creative city
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2The development dimensioneties. Th
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Box 2.1South-South sharing of creat
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2The development dimension2.2.3 Soc
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2Box 2.2 continuedBrazilian carniva
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Box 2.3Africa Remix: Africa speakin
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2The development dimensionrequire c
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2The development dimensionconcrete
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2The development dimensionreforms,
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2The development dimensionThailand:
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2The development dimensionTurkey: I
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2The development dimensionMinistry.
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2The development dimensionvisual ar
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2The development dimension2.4.5 The
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Box 2.7 continuedBrand Jamaica as t
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2The development dimensionpublisher
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Box 2.8 continuedThe Bolshoi: A sub
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2The development dimension2.5.1 Cre
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2The development dimension■solar
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2The development dimensionBox 2.13E
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72 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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3.2 Organization of the creative ec
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3Analysing the creative economythat
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3Analysing the creative economyketi
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3Analysing the creative economydiff
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3Analysing the creative economy3.3.
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3Analysing the creative economychai
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3Analysing the creative economygrou
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6766.966.27878.179.7*3940.041.6*363
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3Analysing the creative economyissu
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3Analysing the creative economybeca
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3Analysing the creative economy■
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4Towards an evidence-based assessme
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4.7 The case for a trade model for
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elated to need and comparable. Seco
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4.8.2 Summary comparison of statist
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Table 4.4 continuedCreative service
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■■The same rationale applies to
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Box 4.1Reality and numbers4Towards
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124 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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5importing countries. It is not yet
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5International trade in creative go
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Chart 5.4a Share of economic groups
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Chart 5.6AlldevelopingeconomiesAsia
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profile their trade performance in
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82.5 per cent in 2002 to 77 per cen
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Trade (GATT) and Article V of the G
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Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts:
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socio-economic growth, performing a
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Tajikistan), underscores the promis
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except in South Africa. Recently st
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from $3.5 billion in 2002 to $7 bil
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India remains the world largest fil
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RadioDespite recent changes in life
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first and second, exporting nearly
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The aim of this report is to sensit
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ative content. Issues relating to m
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tions. The rationale for including
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Table 5.28Chart 5.19(in billions of
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Table 5.30 Related goods: Imports,
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The Role of IntellectualProperty an
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CHAPTER6Therole of intellectual pro
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Box 6.1Design as a key ingredient f
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defined in national legislation. Th
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has developed rapidly over the last
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and made commercially available by
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NO DERIVATIVE WORKSAllows others to
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In 2006, WIPO published National St
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Box 6.4Jewellery: A magic marriage
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ing at least until the first sale o
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tial. The right balance should be f
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CHAPTER7Technology,connectivityand
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m-commerce and m-banking. Mobile te
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Figure 7.4Subscribers per 100 inh.4
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Table 7.2DimensionDigital enablersD
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Table 7.4Rank1234567891011121314151
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IPR rights that may be “re-purpos
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producers; in short, the business m
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Box 7.2 continuedFree and open-sour
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patterns developed by ICTs, rich so
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Promoting the CreativeEconomy for D
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CHAPTER8Policystrategies for the cr
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entirely limited to the major urban
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8.3 The policy processThe process o
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8.4.2 Provision of finance andinves
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they operate and to evaluate the sh
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Box 8.2Alternative Currencies in Br
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Box 8.3 continuedThe Egyptian film
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crisis, the active participation to
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tries to the benefits of growth in
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There is significant evidence that
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■■■the desirability of capaci
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CHAPTER9Theinternational dimensiono
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the issues relating to trade in aud
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Development of the European Commiss
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and bound tariff rates have decline
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and continue negotiations on the Ag
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9.3.4 TRIPS AgreementWith respect t
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9.4 UNESCO cultural-diversity persp
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9.5 WIPO Development AgendaAt the W
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Page 277 and 278: come obstacles faced by poor commun
Page 279 and 280: 9.8 UNEP: Promoting biodiversity be
Page 281 and 282: CHAPTER10 Lessons learned and polic
Page 283 and 284: VI. The creative economy cuts acros
Page 285 and 286: the creative industries in the Unit
Page 287 and 288: policymakers, researchers and pract
Page 289 and 290: Another mechanism to promote South-
Page 291 and 292: 10.3.2 Role of creative entrepreneu
Page 293 and 294: ReferencesBooks and articlesAcheson
Page 295 and 296: of Definitions of the Cultural and
Page 297 and 298: ativity for its management”, in C
Page 299 and 300: Taylor, Calvin (2006). “Beyond Ad
Page 301 and 302: Department of Communications, Infor
Page 303 and 304: PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008). “G
Page 305 and 306: ______(2004). São Paulo Consensus:
Page 307 and 308: The 2009 UNESCO Framework for Cultu
Page 309 and 310: Statistical Annex
Page 311 and 312: Explanatory notes (continued)Art cr
Page 313 and 314: Explanatory notes (continued)Obviou
Page 315 and 316: Explanatory notes (continued)EBOPSE
Page 317 and 318: Country Profile: Argentina (continu
Page 319 and 320: Country Profile: Argentina (continu
Page 321 and 322: Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 323 and 324: Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 325: Distribution of developing economie
Page 329 and 330: Distribution of economies by trade
Page 331 and 332: TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
Page 337 and 338: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 339 and 340: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesEaste
Page 341 and 342: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 343 and 344: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesEaste
Page 345 and 346: CREATIVE GOODS: EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
Page 347 and 348: EXPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 349 and 350: IMPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 351 and 352: EXPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
Page 353 and 354: IMPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
Page 355 and 356: EXPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
Page 357 and 358: IMPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
Page 359 and 360: EXPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 361 and 362: IMPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 363 and 364: EXPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
Page 365 and 366: IMPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
Page 367 and 368: EXPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
Page 369 and 370: IMPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
Page 371 and 372: EXPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 373 and 374: IMPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 375 and 376: Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE EC
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TABLE3.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
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TABLE3.2.ADeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.2.BDeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.3.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
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TABLE3.3.BIMPORTS (in millions of $
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