Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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TABLE3.2.ARELATED INDUSTRIES: EXPORTS, BY ORIGIN AND PRODUCTGROUP, 2002, 2005 AND 2008OriginDeveloped economies (1)EuropeProduct group Year World Total Total EU-27 CanadaUnitedStatesJapanTransitionEconomies(in millions of $)Statistical Annex Part 3All Related Industries 2002 375,845 239,820 153,974 150,487 3,406 32,439 35,185 1,0432005 637,446 329,491 223,071 217,568 5,692 43,126 34,818 2,4532008 727,116 324,272 195,730 189,435 7,284 56,183 30,862 3,256Audiovisuals 2002 140,932 86,720 56,828 56,367 1,551 10,110 17,566 862005 254,000 129,208 92,312 90,873 2,713 13,264 19,938 962008 249,428 100,020 62,842 61,948 3,297 15,542 17,115 470E-Broadcasting 2002 116,178 73,619 50,420 50,033 1,292 7,038 14,259 622005 219,055 115,834 85,747 84,381 2,475 9,915 16,803 762008 211,962 83,339 54,121 53,415 2,984 11,283 14,013 439Film 2002 640 552 240 232 27 171 97 02005 907 715 349 344 47 224 83 22008 1,096 751 453 448 36 233 10 1Sound Production 2002 24,115 12,549 6,168 6,102 233 2,901 3,210 242005 34,038 12,659 6,216 6,148 192 3,125 3,053 182008 36,370 15,929 8,268 8,085 276 4,026 3,092 29Design 2002 65,793 53,508 32,656 31,011 326 5,720 1,168 8912005 116,774 74,133 40,704 38,396 751 9,823 1,786 2,2222008 169,521 103,056 49,375 45,732 1,354 16,769 3,247 2,513Architecture 2002 10,876 8,789 8,2358,207 126 315 81 892005 16,740 11,546 10,856 10,835 162 432 56 1592008 25,404 14,548 13,556 13,530 179 714 53 373Fashion 2002 296 179 146 145 8 20 1 12005 484 263 225 223 8 27 2 22008 724 414 344 342 14 47 52Interior 2002 592 505 329 325 36 110 14 12005 768 624 384 376 47 149 15 22008 893 621 411 403 15 150 11 2Jewellery 2002 54,029 44,036 23,946 22,334 156 5,274 1,072 800200598,782 61,701 29,239 26,962 534 9,215 1,713 2,0602008 142,499 87,473 35,064 31,457 1,146 15,857 3,178 2,136New Media 2002 133,287 71,482 47,733 47,440 663 12,199 10,709 372005 221,213 91,279 67,549 67,224 1,462 15,141 6,696 922008 263,302 86,498 61,178 60,753 1,798 18,930 4,185 196Computer Equipment 2002 133,287 71,482 47,733 47,440 663 12,199 10,709 372005 221,213 91,279 67,549 67,224 1,462 15,141 6,696 922008 263,302 86,498 61,178 60,753 1,798 18,930 4,185 196Performing Arts 2002 3,697 2,597 1,365 1,295 102 483 632 52005 5,312 3,479 1,921 1,847 159 710 672 52008 6,843 4,340 2,428 2,343 165 885 846 14Celebration 2002 455 434 338 294 40 45 3 22005 690 638 437 394 84 101 12 22008 904 793 539 492 81 130 37 9Musical Instruments 2002 3,242 2,163 1,026 1,000 62 438 629 320054,621 2,841 1,485 1,453 76 610 660 32008 5,940 3,548 1,889 1,851 84 755 809 5Publishing 2002 10,025 9,194 7,203 6,430 567 866 479 92005 15,488 13,889 11,277 10,091 514 1,110 802 92008 14,903 13,346 10,920 9,816 549 980 792 18Books 2002 42 37 30 30 0 5 1 02005 69 51 45 45 1 3 2 02008 87 61 52 52 0 4 2 0Other Printed Matter 2002 9,983 9,157 7,173 6,400 567 860 478 92005 15,420 13,839 11,232 10,046 514 1,108 800 92008 14,816 13,28510,868 9,763 549 976 790 17Visual Arts 2002 22,112 16,319 8,190 7,945 197 3,062 4,631 152005 24,659 17,502 9,308 9,137 92 3,077 4,924 282008 23,120 17,012 8,986 8,842 122 3,078 4,676 45Paintings 2002 1,985 968 746 733 27 126 62 620052,822 1,338 1,0651,047 27 176 56 102008 3,412 1,667 1,332 1,314 37 209 68 19Photography 2002 20,126 15,350 7,444 7,212 170 2,936 4,568 9200521,836 16,164 8,242 8,091 652,902 4,867 182008 19,707 15,345 7,654 7,529 852,868 4,608 26354CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
TABLE3.2.ADeveloping economies (2)Eastern, SouthernTotal Africa America Totaland SoutheasternAsia ChinaWesternAsia Oceania LDCs SIDSAsia(in millions of $)YearOriginProduct group5134,982 1,962 18,180 114,817 114,123 35,823 694 23 129 73 2002 All Related Industries305,502 7,634 22,801 274,935 266,514 125,947 8,421 132 389 355 2005399,588 9,129 24,486 365,862 354,254 196,231 11,608 111 562 146 200854,126 183 7,627 46,315 46,228 13,777 87 1 3 11 2002 Audiovisuals124,696 549 11,245 112,901 109,280 48,108 3,621 1 21 295 2005148,938 494 14,640 133,803 131,426 68,017 2,377 0 88 90 200842,498 145 6,684 35,668 35,593 10,447 75 1 2 10 2002 E-Broadcasting103,145 496 10,013 92,635 89,119 37,725 3,516 1 12 294 2005128,184 415 13,352 114,417 112,167 59,193 2,250 0 84 88 200887 2 1 84 83 5 1 0 0 0 2002 Film190 1 15 174 171 32 3 0 0 0 2005343 3 25 315 305 77 10 0 1 0 200811,541 36 942 10,564 10,553 3,324 11 0 0 1 2002 Sound Production21,361 52 1,217 20,093 19,990 10,350 103 0 9 1 200520,411 76 1,264 19,072 18,954 8,747 117 0 4 1 200811,394 1,703 1,331 8,338 7,801 1,607 538 21 125 58 2002 Design40,418 6,943 2,205 31,140 26,806 3,886 4,335 130 362 52 200563,951 8,394 3,392 52,056 43,473 9,331 8,583 109 462 47 20081,998 51 681 1,265 799 597 466 0 0 0 2002 Architecture5,035 64 1,384 3,586 2,465 1,910 1,122 0 1 3 200510,484 283 1,737 8,464 6,873 6,279 1,591 0 1 4 2008116 3 10 103 102 45 1 0 0 0 2002 Fashion220 3 12 205 199 87 5 0 1 0 2005307 5 21 282 273 142 8 - 0 0 200887 4 3 80 69 13 11 0 0 0 2002 Interior143 1 4 137 106 55 31 0 0 0 2005270 3 1 266 224 162 42 0 0 0 20089,193 1,646 636 6,890 6,831 952 59 21 124 58 2002 Jewellery35,021 6,874 805 27,212 24,035 1,834 3,177 130 360 49 200552,890 8,103 1,633 43,044 36,102 2,748 6,942 109 461 44 200861,767 24 8,276 53,467 53,449 18,486 18 0 0 1 2002 New Media129,842 54 8,176 121,612 121,289 70,394 322 0 2 2 2005176,608 105 5,651 170,852 170,379 114,523 472 1 5 2 200861,767 24 8,276 53,467 53,449 18,486 18 0 0 1 2002 Computer Equipment129,842 54 8,176 121,612 121,289 70,394 322 0 2 2 2005176,608 105 5,651 170,852 170,379 114,523 472 1 5 2 20081,096 6 66 1,024 1,019 520 5 0 0 0 2002 Performing Arts1,827 4 104 1,719 1,703 966 16 0 1 1 20052,488 8 110 2,370 2,326 1,592 44 0 3 1 200820 0 15 13 8 2 0 - 0 2002 Celebration50 1 7 43 39 20 4 0 0 0 2005102 3 12 87 70 46 17 - 1 0 20081,076 5 62 1,009 1,005 512 4 0 0 0 2002 Musical Instruments1,777 4 97 1,676 1,664 946 12 0 1 1 20052,386 5 98 2,283 2,256 1,546 27 0 2 1 2008821 8 170 643 628 89 14 0 0 0 2002 Publishing1,590 27 154 1,410 1,372 333 37 0 0 2 20051,539 61 140 1,338 1,290 336 49 0 0 1 20085 0 0 5 5 2 0 0 0 0 2002 Books18 0 0 18 17 6 1 - 0 0 200525 0 0 25 25 13 1 - - 0 2008816 8 170 638 624 88 14 0 0 0 2002 Other Printed Matter1,572 27 153 1,392 1,356 327 36 0 0 2 20051,514 61 140 1,313 1,265 322 48 0 0 1 20085,779 39 711 5,029 4,998 1,344 32 0 0 2 2002 Visual Arts7,128 57 918 6,153 6,064 2,260 89 0 2 4 20056,063 67 553 5,442 5,359 2,432 83 0 3 5 20081,011 7 240 764 759 397 5 0 0 2 2002 Paintings1,474 15211 1,248 1,235 777 13 0 0 3 20051,727 19 201 1,507 1,492 1,060 15 0 0 4 20084,767 31 471 4,2654,239 947 26 0 0 0 2002 Photography5,654 42 707 4,9054,829 1,483 76 0 1 1 20054,336 49 352 3,935 3,867 1,372 67 0 3 1 2008SOURCE: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on United Nations Comtrade database data.NOTES: (1) Developed economies, including Bulgaria and Romania.(2) Excluding Bulgaria and Romania, which are included in the European Union (EU-27).Statistical Annex Part 3CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010355
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ContentsForeword...................
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3.4.2 Large-scale corporate enterpr
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7. Technology, connectivity and the
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LIST OF BOXES1.1 A creative entrepr
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5.9 Creative goods: Exports, by reg
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5.13 Audiovisuals: Exports, by econ
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ForewordThe United Nations publishe
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AcknowledgementsThe Creative Econom
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Scope of this reportThe Creative Ec
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Chapter 1 explores evolving concept
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Ten key messagesThis policy-oriente
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IX. In the aftermath of the crisis,
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GCC Gulf Cooperation CouncilGDP Gro
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The Creative Economy1PART
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CHAPTER1Conceptand context of thecr
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1Concept and context of the creativ
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1Box 1.1 continuedA creative entrep
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1Box 1.2 continuedThe creative city
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2The development dimensioneties. Th
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Box 2.1South-South sharing of creat
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2The development dimension2.2.3 Soc
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2Box 2.2 continuedBrazilian carniva
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Box 2.3Africa Remix: Africa speakin
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2The development dimensionrequire c
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2The development dimensionconcrete
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2The development dimensionreforms,
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2The development dimensionThailand:
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2The development dimensionTurkey: I
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2The development dimensionMinistry.
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2The development dimensionvisual ar
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2The development dimension2.4.5 The
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Box 2.7 continuedBrand Jamaica as t
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2The development dimensionpublisher
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Box 2.8 continuedThe Bolshoi: A sub
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2The development dimension2.5.1 Cre
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2The development dimension■solar
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2The development dimensionBox 2.13E
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72 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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3.2 Organization of the creative ec
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3Analysing the creative economythat
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3Analysing the creative economyketi
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3Analysing the creative economydiff
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3Analysing the creative economy3.3.
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3Analysing the creative economychai
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3Analysing the creative economygrou
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6766.966.27878.179.7*3940.041.6*363
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3Analysing the creative economyissu
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3Analysing the creative economybeca
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3Analysing the creative economy■
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4Towards an evidence-based assessme
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4.7 The case for a trade model for
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elated to need and comparable. Seco
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4.8.2 Summary comparison of statist
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Table 4.4 continuedCreative service
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■■The same rationale applies to
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Box 4.1Reality and numbers4Towards
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124 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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5importing countries. It is not yet
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5International trade in creative go
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Chart 5.4a Share of economic groups
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Chart 5.6AlldevelopingeconomiesAsia
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profile their trade performance in
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82.5 per cent in 2002 to 77 per cen
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Trade (GATT) and Article V of the G
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Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts:
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socio-economic growth, performing a
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Tajikistan), underscores the promis
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except in South Africa. Recently st
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from $3.5 billion in 2002 to $7 bil
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India remains the world largest fil
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RadioDespite recent changes in life
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first and second, exporting nearly
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The aim of this report is to sensit
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ative content. Issues relating to m
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tions. The rationale for including
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Table 5.28Chart 5.19(in billions of
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Table 5.30 Related goods: Imports,
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The Role of IntellectualProperty an
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CHAPTER6Therole of intellectual pro
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Box 6.1Design as a key ingredient f
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defined in national legislation. Th
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has developed rapidly over the last
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and made commercially available by
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NO DERIVATIVE WORKSAllows others to
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In 2006, WIPO published National St
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Box 6.4Jewellery: A magic marriage
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ing at least until the first sale o
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tial. The right balance should be f
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CHAPTER7Technology,connectivityand
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m-commerce and m-banking. Mobile te
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Figure 7.4Subscribers per 100 inh.4
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Table 7.2DimensionDigital enablersD
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Table 7.4Rank1234567891011121314151
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IPR rights that may be “re-purpos
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producers; in short, the business m
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Box 7.2 continuedFree and open-sour
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patterns developed by ICTs, rich so
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Promoting the CreativeEconomy for D
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CHAPTER8Policystrategies for the cr
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entirely limited to the major urban
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8.3 The policy processThe process o
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8.4.2 Provision of finance andinves
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they operate and to evaluate the sh
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Box 8.2Alternative Currencies in Br
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Box 8.3 continuedThe Egyptian film
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crisis, the active participation to
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tries to the benefits of growth in
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There is significant evidence that
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■■■the desirability of capaci
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CHAPTER9Theinternational dimensiono
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the issues relating to trade in aud
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Development of the European Commiss
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and bound tariff rates have decline
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and continue negotiations on the Ag
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9.3.4 TRIPS AgreementWith respect t
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9.4 UNESCO cultural-diversity persp
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9.5 WIPO Development AgendaAt the W
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Cooperation has continued to work w
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come obstacles faced by poor commun
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9.8 UNEP: Promoting biodiversity be
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CHAPTER10 Lessons learned and polic
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VI. The creative economy cuts acros
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the creative industries in the Unit
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policymakers, researchers and pract
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Another mechanism to promote South-
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10.3.2 Role of creative entrepreneu
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ReferencesBooks and articlesAcheson
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of Definitions of the Cultural and
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ativity for its management”, in C
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Taylor, Calvin (2006). “Beyond Ad
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Department of Communications, Infor
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PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008). “G
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______(2004). São Paulo Consensus:
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The 2009 UNESCO Framework for Cultu
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Statistical Annex
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Explanatory notes (continued)Art cr
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Explanatory notes (continued)Obviou
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Explanatory notes (continued)EBOPSE
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Country Profile: Argentina (continu
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Country Profile: Argentina (continu
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Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
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Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
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Distribution of developing economie
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Distribution of developed economies
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Distribution of economies by trade
Page 331 and 332: TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
Page 337 and 338: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 339 and 340: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesEaste
Page 341 and 342: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 343 and 344: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesEaste
Page 345 and 346: CREATIVE GOODS: EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
Page 347 and 348: EXPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 349 and 350: IMPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 351 and 352: EXPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
Page 353 and 354: IMPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
Page 355 and 356: EXPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
Page 357 and 358: IMPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
Page 359 and 360: EXPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 361 and 362: IMPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 363 and 364: EXPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
Page 365 and 366: IMPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
Page 367 and 368: EXPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
Page 369 and 370: IMPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
Page 371 and 372: EXPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 373 and 374: IMPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 375 and 376: Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE EC
Page 381: TABLE3.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
Page 385 and 386: TABLE3.2.BDeveloping economies (2)E
Page 387 and 388: TABLE3.3.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
Page 395 and 396: TABLE3.3.BIMPORTS (in millions of $
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Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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