Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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TABLE1.1CONTINUEDStatistical Annex Part 1Economic group andcountry/territoryEXPORTS (f.o.b., in millions of $)Growthrate (1)2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2003-2008DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: MIDDLE AFRICA - - 8 7 2 - - -Cameroon - - - 1 1 - - -Gabon - - 8 6 0 - - -DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: NORTHERN AFRICA 301 293 304 333 384 447 1,185 26.72Algeria 5 5 5 5 3 4 3 -10.23Egypt - - - - - - 703 -Morocco 190 159 162 178 178 207 217 6.73Sudan - - - - - - 0 -Tunisia 106 129 138 150 202 237 262 16.97DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: SOUTHERN AFRICA 344 374 385 406 364 360 443 1.53Namibia 12 15 22 21 22 24 35 14.28South Africa 333 360 362 385 342 335 408 0.79DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: WESTERN AFRICA 2 17 21 54 116 289 228 84.85Benin - - - - 0 - - -Burkina Faso 2 - 2 3 - - - -Cape Verde - - - - - 0 - -Côte d’Ivoire - 12 11 12 13 14 15 5.83Ghana - - - 27 86 2 4 -Guinea 0 - - 0 0 0 0 -Mali - - 1 0 1 1 2 -Niger - - 0 0 0 3 1 -Nigeria - - - - 9 259 197 -Senegal - 5 7 8 6 9 9 10.50Togo - - 1 4 - 1 - -DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AMERICA 5,536 5,381 6,059 6,584 7,405 8,012 9,030 10.66DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: CARIBBEAN - 26 125 59 645 456 548 85.34Aruba - - - 1 - - - -Bahamas - 4 3 1 4 2 6 9.89Barbados - - - 10 21 4 26 -Cuba - 22 103 16 21 - - -Dominica - - - - 0 0 0 -Dominican Republic - - - - 544 405 481 -Jamaica - - 4 5 8 5 4 -Montserrat - - 0 0 0 0 0 -Netherlands Antilles - - - 9 30 19 15 -Trinidad and Tobago - - 16 17 18 20 17 -DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: CENTRAL AMERICA 3,849 3,453 3,582 3,983 4,128 4,717 5,496 9.53Belize - - - 0 1 1 0 -Costa Rica - 82 114 139 129 118 109 4.34El Salvador 28 26 20 60 65 78 98 36.41Guatemala 24 33 37 104 45 99 105 25.32Honduras - 8 4 3 29 22 - -Mexico 3,797 3,298 3,402 3,672 3,853 4,390 5,167 9.13Nicaragua - 2 2 2 2 2 11 37.51Panama - 5 4 3 4 6 7 9.29DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: SOUTH AMERICA 1,686 1,902 2,351 2,542 2,633 2,840 2,986 8.50Argentina 181 192 254 294 328 335 295 9.26Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 70 67 76 78 90 99 89 6.87Brazil 742 895 1,159 1,200 1,175 1,211 1,222 4.89Chile 183 163 194 220 231 214 227 5.92Colombia 313 365 406 450 480 654 748 15.62Ecuador 23 23 26 25 32 24 47 11.18Guyana - - - 2 1 2 2 -Paraguay - 9 14 13 13 15 24 16.14Peru 124 138 176 207 224 239 263 12.77Uruguay 50 51 47 52 55 48 52 0.60Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) - - - - 5 - 16 -DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: ASIA 69,553 84,923 102,299 117,733 127,313 146,484 164,933 13.64DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: EASTERN ASIA 59,330 66,735 78,496 89,512 97,324 111,030 125,706 13.04China 32,348 38,568 45,620 55,515 62,725 72,999 84,807 16.92China, Hong Kong SAR 23,667 24,210 25,885 27,237 27,552 31,080 33,254 6.33China, Macao SAR 71 76 86 74 93 138 170 17.62China, Taiwan Province of - - 3,137 3,017 3,177 3,223 3,203 -Korea, Republic of 3,243 3,877 3,765 3,665 3,773 3,585 4,272 1.05Mongolia 2 3 3 4 5 5 - -304CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in millions of $)Growthrate (1)2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2003-2008Economic group andcountry/territory- - 19 79 77 - - - DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: MIDDLE AFRICA- - - 51 52 - - - Cameroon- - 19 28 26 - - - Gabon714 943 1,118 1,277 1,350 1,754 2,381 18.83 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: NORTHERN AFRICA117 183 224 306 253 230 295 6.75 Algeria- - - - - - 522 - Egypt290 380 435 489 560 796 799 17.55 Morocco- - - - - 102 99 - Sudan307 380 459 482 537 625 667 11.64 Tunisia590 694 1,035 1,335 1,712 1,675 1,677 19.06 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: SOUTHERN AFRICA32 41 80 84 93 111 125 20.67 Namibia558 652 955 1,251 1,619 1,565 1,552 18.95 South Africa15 55 127 234 515 607 778 70.86 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: WESTERN AFRICA- - - - 13 - - - Benin10 - 22 18 - - - - Burkina Faso- - - - - 12 15 - Cape Verde- 28 38 34 46 52 63 16.19 Côte d’Ivoire- - - 90 76 105 118 - Ghana5 - - 8 14 13 18 - Guinea- - 17 14 18 41 42 - Mali- - 8 19 10 11 13 - Niger- - - - 282 291 435 - Nigeria- 27 38 46 56 69 74 22.69 Senegal- - 5 5 - 13 - - Togo6,139 6,683 7,437 9,140 11,522 16,862 16,007 22.33 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AMERICA- 184 413 652 1,081 1,005 1,193 43.05 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: CARIBBEAN- - - 21 - - - - Aruba- 88 106 122 132 151 106 6.06 Bahamas- - - 94 75 52 84 - Barbados- 95 89 106 110 - - - Cuba- - - - 5 6 5 - Dominica- - - - 392 416 486 - Dominican Republic- - 141 166 184 192 304 - Jamaica- - 1 1 1 1 1 - Montserrat- - - 50 71 71 88 - Netherlands Antilles- - 76 92 112 116 119 - Trinidad and Tobago4,310 4,651 4,710 5,604 6,318 7,105 7,901 12.12 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: CENTRAL AMERICA- - - 18 15 16 13 - Belize- 172 183 193 223 269 292 11.96 Costa Rica84 101 106 210 221 279 265 24.84 El Salvador197 200 228 326 289 376 369 13.54 Guatemala- 75 83 111 130 153 - - Honduras4,028 3,908 4,061 4,505 5,178 5,695 6,538 11.23 Mexico- 47 49 55 60 73 69 9.89 Nicaragua- 149 - 186 202 245 355 - Panama1,830 1,848 2,314 2,884 4,123 8,752 6,912 36.71 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: SOUTH AMERICA127 217 350 486 602 793 990 34.08 Argentina54 40 42 40 47 58 77 13.34 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)507 374 484 647 898 1,017 1,728 33.87 Brazil377 387 463 556 692 789 1,070 21.81 Chile295 275 315 398 500 603 702 21.67 Colombia209 226 254 287 307 310 427 11.61 Ecuador- - - 18 18 19 38 - Guyana- 74 106 112 159 191 356 32.81 Paraguay219 219 247 282 307 4,032 - - Peru41 37 54 59 76 99 123 26.23 Uruguay- - - - 516 841 1,402 - Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)28,899 32,975 40,072 49,286 49,413 66,597 71,834 16.75 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: ASIA22,519 24,146 28,315 30,421 33,413 39,501 43,631 12.27 DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: EASTERN ASIA2,941 3,339 3,563 3,956 4,292 5,622 6,078 13.54 China16,957 18,072 19,828 20,726 22,752 26,310 29,473 10.16 China, Hong Kong SAR214 253 335 366 492 619 674 22.23 China, Macao SAR- - 2,055 2,292 2,220 2,382 2,604 - China, Taiwan Province of2,407 2,472 2,524 3,062 3,633 4,549 4,802 16.21 Korea, Republic of- 9 10 18 25 19 - - MongoliaCREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010Statistical Annex Part 1305
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ContentsForeword...................
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3.4.2 Large-scale corporate enterpr
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7. Technology, connectivity and the
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LIST OF BOXES1.1 A creative entrepr
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5.9 Creative goods: Exports, by reg
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5.13 Audiovisuals: Exports, by econ
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ForewordThe United Nations publishe
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AcknowledgementsThe Creative Econom
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Scope of this reportThe Creative Ec
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Chapter 1 explores evolving concept
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Ten key messagesThis policy-oriente
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IX. In the aftermath of the crisis,
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GCC Gulf Cooperation CouncilGDP Gro
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The Creative Economy1PART
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CHAPTER1Conceptand context of thecr
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1Concept and context of the creativ
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1Box 1.1 continuedA creative entrep
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1Box 1.2 continuedThe creative city
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2The development dimensioneties. Th
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Box 2.1South-South sharing of creat
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2The development dimension2.2.3 Soc
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2Box 2.2 continuedBrazilian carniva
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Box 2.3Africa Remix: Africa speakin
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2The development dimensionrequire c
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2The development dimensionconcrete
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2The development dimensionreforms,
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2The development dimensionThailand:
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2The development dimensionTurkey: I
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2The development dimensionMinistry.
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2The development dimensionvisual ar
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2The development dimension2.4.5 The
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Box 2.7 continuedBrand Jamaica as t
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2The development dimensionpublisher
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Box 2.8 continuedThe Bolshoi: A sub
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2The development dimension2.5.1 Cre
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2The development dimension■solar
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2The development dimensionBox 2.13E
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72 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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3.2 Organization of the creative ec
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3Analysing the creative economythat
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3Analysing the creative economyketi
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3Analysing the creative economydiff
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3Analysing the creative economy3.3.
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3Analysing the creative economychai
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3Analysing the creative economygrou
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6766.966.27878.179.7*3940.041.6*363
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3Analysing the creative economyissu
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3Analysing the creative economybeca
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3Analysing the creative economy■
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4Towards an evidence-based assessme
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4.7 The case for a trade model for
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elated to need and comparable. Seco
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4.8.2 Summary comparison of statist
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Table 4.4 continuedCreative service
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■■The same rationale applies to
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Box 4.1Reality and numbers4Towards
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124 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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5importing countries. It is not yet
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5International trade in creative go
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Chart 5.4a Share of economic groups
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Chart 5.6AlldevelopingeconomiesAsia
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profile their trade performance in
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82.5 per cent in 2002 to 77 per cen
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Trade (GATT) and Article V of the G
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Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts:
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socio-economic growth, performing a
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Tajikistan), underscores the promis
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except in South Africa. Recently st
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from $3.5 billion in 2002 to $7 bil
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India remains the world largest fil
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RadioDespite recent changes in life
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first and second, exporting nearly
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The aim of this report is to sensit
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ative content. Issues relating to m
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tions. The rationale for including
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Table 5.28Chart 5.19(in billions of
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Table 5.30 Related goods: Imports,
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The Role of IntellectualProperty an
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CHAPTER6Therole of intellectual pro
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Box 6.1Design as a key ingredient f
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defined in national legislation. Th
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has developed rapidly over the last
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and made commercially available by
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NO DERIVATIVE WORKSAllows others to
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In 2006, WIPO published National St
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Box 6.4Jewellery: A magic marriage
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ing at least until the first sale o
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tial. The right balance should be f
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CHAPTER7Technology,connectivityand
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m-commerce and m-banking. Mobile te
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Figure 7.4Subscribers per 100 inh.4
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Table 7.2DimensionDigital enablersD
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Table 7.4Rank1234567891011121314151
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IPR rights that may be “re-purpos
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producers; in short, the business m
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Box 7.2 continuedFree and open-sour
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patterns developed by ICTs, rich so
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Promoting the CreativeEconomy for D
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CHAPTER8Policystrategies for the cr
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entirely limited to the major urban
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8.3 The policy processThe process o
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8.4.2 Provision of finance andinves
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they operate and to evaluate the sh
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Box 8.2Alternative Currencies in Br
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Box 8.3 continuedThe Egyptian film
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crisis, the active participation to
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tries to the benefits of growth in
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There is significant evidence that
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■■■the desirability of capaci
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CHAPTER9Theinternational dimensiono
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the issues relating to trade in aud
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Development of the European Commiss
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and bound tariff rates have decline
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and continue negotiations on the Ag
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9.3.4 TRIPS AgreementWith respect t
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9.4 UNESCO cultural-diversity persp
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9.5 WIPO Development AgendaAt the W
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Cooperation has continued to work w
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come obstacles faced by poor commun
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9.8 UNEP: Promoting biodiversity be
Page 281 and 282: CHAPTER10 Lessons learned and polic
Page 283 and 284: VI. The creative economy cuts acros
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Page 287 and 288: policymakers, researchers and pract
Page 289 and 290: Another mechanism to promote South-
Page 291 and 292: 10.3.2 Role of creative entrepreneu
Page 293 and 294: ReferencesBooks and articlesAcheson
Page 295 and 296: of Definitions of the Cultural and
Page 297 and 298: ativity for its management”, in C
Page 299 and 300: Taylor, Calvin (2006). “Beyond Ad
Page 301 and 302: Department of Communications, Infor
Page 303 and 304: PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008). “G
Page 305 and 306: ______(2004). São Paulo Consensus:
Page 307 and 308: The 2009 UNESCO Framework for Cultu
Page 309 and 310: Statistical Annex
Page 311 and 312: Explanatory notes (continued)Art cr
Page 313 and 314: Explanatory notes (continued)Obviou
Page 315 and 316: Explanatory notes (continued)EBOPSE
Page 317 and 318: Country Profile: Argentina (continu
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Page 321 and 322: Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 323 and 324: Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 325 and 326: Distribution of developing economie
Page 327 and 328: Distribution of developed economies
Page 329 and 330: Distribution of economies by trade
Page 331: TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
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Page 337 and 338: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 339 and 340: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesEaste
Page 341 and 342: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 343 and 344: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesEaste
Page 345 and 346: CREATIVE GOODS: EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
Page 347 and 348: EXPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 349 and 350: IMPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 351 and 352: EXPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
Page 353 and 354: IMPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
Page 355 and 356: EXPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
Page 357 and 358: IMPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
Page 359 and 360: EXPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 361 and 362: IMPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 363 and 364: EXPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
Page 365 and 366: IMPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
Page 367 and 368: EXPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
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Page 371 and 372: EXPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 373 and 374: IMPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 375 and 376: Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE EC
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TABLE3.2.ADeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.2.BDeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.3.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
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TABLE3.3.BIMPORTS (in millions of $
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