Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

6The role of intellectual property in the creative economyTable 6.1CountryChart 6.1% of GDP12108642011.12Contribution of the creative industries to GDP5.74.546.674.92USA Singapore Canada Latvia Hungry Philippines Bulgaria Mexico Russian Lebanon Croatia JamaicaFederationmon methodologies. The guide summarized the existingexperience and developed a step-by-step methodologyto undertake measurement surveys. Based on aperspective on intellectual property and copyright, itpresented new definitions of the copyright-basedindustries following the extent of use of copyrightmaterial (see also chapter 1).Since its publication, a number of countries haveused the guide to, among other things, help positionthe creative industries in the national economy anddraw international and cross-sectoral comparisons. Thecontribution of the creative industries to the nationaleconomy in terms of value added, GDP, generation ofemployment and trade, are solid evidence of the importanceof this sector. Table 6.1 provides the results fromapplying the WIPO guide in 17 countries. Noticeably, mostof the creative economic activities are taking place within thecore copyright-based industries group, followed by the interdependentgroup. 13 The contribution to employment is alsosubstantial, and employment growth in the creative industriesis often much stronger than in the overall economy.The dynamics in the creative industries as an employmentgenerator are indicative of the development potential of thecreative economy in social terms. In some countries, such asMexico and the Philippines, the creative industries employedmore people than many of the traditional sectors ofthe economy.Economic contribution of copyright-based industries using WIPO methodologyReference yearof study% Contribution of copyright industries to GDP % Contribution of copyright industries to employmentPartial3.424.776.06Partial4.754.42TotalshareCore dependentInter-NondedicatedTotalshareCore dependentInter-Nondedicated5.1Bulgaria 2005 2.81 1.57 0.62 0.09 0.52 4.30 2.29 0.73 0.27 1.0Jamaica 2005 4.81 1.7 0.74 0.47 1.9 3.03 1.79 0.31 0.23 0.68Lebanon 2005 4.75 2.53 0.71 0.62 0.89 4.49 2.11 0.73 0.70 0.95Mexico 2003 4.77 1.55 1.69 0.85 0.68 11.01 3.41 3.65 2.53 1.41Philippines 1999 4.82 3.50 0.96 0.04 0.29 11.10 8.81 1.4 0.2 0.6Canada 2004 4.7 3.5 0.81 0.08 0.31 5.4 4.0 0.91 0.16 0.33Hungary 2002 6.66 3.96 1.24 0.45 1.00 7.1 4.15 1.25 0.61 1.07Latvia 2000 5.05 2.9 1.1 0.28 0.77 5.59 3.7 0.7 0.44 0.75Singapore 2001 5.67 2.85 1.76 0.09 0.97 5.80 3.64 1.24 0.18 0.74USA 2004 11.09 6.48 2.13 0.40 2.08 8.53 4.07 2.17 0.26 2.03Australia 2007 10.30 7.30 2.0 0.40 0.70 8.0 4.97 1.81 0.57 0.65Croatia 2004 4.27 2.99 0.88 0.32 0.07 4.64 3.22 0.93 0.41 0.08Romania 2005 5.55 3.55 1.08 0.53 0.39 4.19 2.36 0.58 0.82 0.43Colombia 2005 3.30 1.90 0.80 0.30 0.40 5.80 1.70 0.70 1.90 1.50Russia 2004 6.06 2.39 0.76 0.27 2.64 7.30 4.29 0.75 0.56 1.69Ukraine 2005 2.85 1.54 0.68 0.10 0.54 1.90 1.16 0.46 0.08 0.20Netherlands 2005 5.9 4.0 0.4 0.9 0.6 8.8 6.2 0.6 1.1 1.0Source: WIPO Secretariat, June 201013 For better understanding of the WIPO model and the composition of the copyright-based industries, see table 1.1 in chapter 1.180 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010